本文選題：水文地質(zhì)特征 + 地下水污染機理�。� 參考：《成都理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：研究區(qū)隸屬宜賓市,位于四川盆地南緣,屬紅層缺水區(qū),紅層“打井找水”工程部分緩解了該區(qū)的缺水狀況,當?shù)鼐用袢匀幻媾R著水量的持續(xù)性及水質(zhì)的安全性等問題。論文以紅層地區(qū)水文地質(zhì)條件為背景,研究該區(qū)內(nèi)含水層富水性特性、地下水化學(xué)類型、補徑排特征;運用單指標評價法、內(nèi)梅羅指數(shù)法及模糊綜合評價法,評價該區(qū)地下水水質(zhì)現(xiàn)狀,并分析該區(qū)地下水污染來源,在此基礎(chǔ)上,進一步探討區(qū)內(nèi)地下水污染物遷移過程,結(jié)合該區(qū)水文地質(zhì)條件,建立相應(yīng)的地下水污染物遷移數(shù)學(xué)模型,用解析法求取地下水污染物遷移范圍與遷移時間的關(guān)系,取得成果如下:研究區(qū)內(nèi)地下水類型按埋藏條件分為第四系松散巖類孔隙水、碎屑巖類風(fēng)化孔隙-裂隙水及層間裂隙水,以風(fēng)化帶孔隙-裂隙水為主,淺層地下水埋深為0.12~28.6m,溝谷區(qū)埋深相對較淺。受人類活動影響較大,SO42-、Cl-在地下水中的含量增加,使該地區(qū)水化學(xué)類型趨于復(fù)雜,達18類,以HCO3-Ca、HCO3+SO4-Ca、HCO3+SO4-Na+Ca為主。單指標水質(zhì)評價結(jié)果表明,區(qū)內(nèi)部分地區(qū)p H值、TDS、總硬度、SO42-、NO3-等組分超標過地下水飲用標準,是影響地下水質(zhì)量的主要因素;根據(jù)內(nèi)梅羅指數(shù)法研究區(qū)內(nèi)地下水質(zhì)量總體狀況較差,水質(zhì)質(zhì)量較差-極差水樣占85.19%;根據(jù)模糊綜合評價法,研究區(qū)內(nèi)地下水質(zhì)量達III類水標準的水樣與超III類水樣均為50%,各占一半。綜合分析表明,研究區(qū)內(nèi)地下水水質(zhì)情況整體較好,但部分地區(qū)存在單指標超標現(xiàn)象(如:TDS、總硬度、SO42-、NO3-),其中NO3-多數(shù)地區(qū)達V級標準,為影響區(qū)內(nèi)地下水質(zhì)量的最主要因素。概化研究區(qū)內(nèi)水文地質(zhì)條件,選取NO3-作為模擬因子,得到數(shù)學(xué)概化模型,利用解析解,得出在NO3-沿地下水方向的污染距離與時間呈線性關(guān)系;得出在某一固定點,污染物濃度與時間呈指數(shù)關(guān)系;在某一時刻,距離與污染物濃度指數(shù)關(guān)系。
[Abstract]:The research area belongs to Yibin city, which is located in the southern margin of Sichuan basin. It belongs to the region of red bed water shortage. The project of "drilling wells and finding water" in the red bed partly alleviates the water shortage in this area, and the local residents are still faced with the problems of water quantity sustainability and water quality safety and so on. Based on the hydrogeological conditions of the red bed area, this paper studies the water-rich characteristics of the aquifer, the chemical type of groundwater, the characteristics of the supplementary diameter and drainage, and uses the single index evaluation method, the Nemero index method and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. The present situation of groundwater quality in this area is evaluated, and the source of groundwater pollution in this area is analyzed. On the basis of this, the migration process of groundwater pollutants in this area is further discussed, and the hydrogeological conditions in this area are combined. The corresponding mathematical model of groundwater pollutant migration is established, and the relationship between groundwater pollutant migration range and migration time is obtained by analytical method. The results are as follows: the groundwater types in the study area are divided into Quaternary loose rock pore water according to burial conditions. The weathering pore-fissure water and interlayer fissure water of clastic rocks are mainly pore-fissure water in weathering zone. The buried depth of shallow groundwater is 0.12 ~ 28.6 m, and the buried depth of gully area is relatively shallow. The content of so _ 42-Cl- in groundwater was increased greatly by human activities, which made the hydrochemical types in this area more complex, reaching to 18 types, with HCO _ 3-CaO _ 3SO _ 4-CaO _ 3 SO4-Na Ca as the dominant factor. The results of single index water quality evaluation show that the pH value of TDS and the total hardness of so _ 42-no _ 3- in some areas exceed the standard of groundwater drinking, which are the main factors that affect the quality of groundwater. According to the general condition of groundwater quality in the study area studied by Nemero index method, the quality of groundwater is poor and the water quality is very poor, which accounts for 85.19 percent, according to the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, In the study area, the quality of groundwater up to the standard of III type water samples and super III water samples are 50, each half. The comprehensive analysis shows that the groundwater quality in the study area is good as a whole, but in some areas there exists the phenomenon of single index exceeding the standard (such as: TDS, total hardness so _ 42-no _ 3-N _ 3-O _ 3-O _ 3-O _ 3-C), and no _ 3- is the most important factor affecting the quality of groundwater in this area. In the study area of generalizability, hydrogeological conditions were selected as simulation factors, mathematical generalization model was obtained, the analytical solution was used to obtain a linear relationship between the pollution distance and time in the direction of no _ 3- along the groundwater, and at a fixed point, a linear relationship was obtained between the pollution distance and the time of no _ 3- along the direction of groundwater. The relationship between pollutant concentration and time is exponential, and the relationship between distance and pollutant concentration is exponential at a certain time.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P641;X523

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