發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-02 18:17

  本文選題：纖維素載體 + 預(yù)處理　； 參考：《東南大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：投加碳源是提高低C/N比污水脫氮效率的有效方法。常見(jiàn)甲醇、乙醇、乙酸等外加碳源,具有成本高且投加量難控制的缺點(diǎn)。因此,新型纖維素類(lèi)農(nóng)作物廢棄物固態(tài)碳源應(yīng)運(yùn)而生,但未處理農(nóng)作物廢棄物因碳源利用效率低、反硝化速率低、出水有機(jī)物濃度高等不足而制約了其大規(guī)模應(yīng)用。鑒于此,本研究采用超聲波輻射、微波輻射和堿浸泡處理對(duì)絲瓜絡(luò)、玉米芯、稻草這3種纖維素類(lèi)廢棄物進(jìn)行預(yù)處理,制備成纖維素載體,研究其釋碳能力、反硝化能力及反硝化規(guī)律等,并將其運(yùn)用于MBR中,以考察其強(qiáng)化脫氮的效果。通過(guò)研究得出以下主要結(jié)論：(1)對(duì)絲瓜絡(luò)、玉米芯、稻草3種木質(zhì)纖維素廢棄物原料進(jìn)行超聲波輻射、微波輻射和堿浸泡預(yù)處理,比較其COD釋放能力、還原糖釋放能力和反硝化潛力(DP),最終確定堿浸泡為最佳預(yù)處理方式。經(jīng)2%NaOH浸泡24h,3種材料的COD釋放能力和反硝化潛力分別從136mg/gCOD178mg/g,112.04mg/gDP157.94mg/g提高到250mg/gCOD323mg/g,233.82mg/gDP50.69mg/g。纖維素載體組分分析、掃描電鏡分析和紅外光譜分析表明,堿處理有效地去除了難生物降解的木質(zhì)素,使纖維素組分含量提高,增強(qiáng)了其對(duì)酶的可及度。綜合考慮,纖維素載體能夠作為良好的緩釋固體碳源。(2)傳統(tǒng)MBR對(duì)TN的去除率有限。對(duì)照組、投加聚丙烯載體、投加0.4g/(L·d)乙醇碳源3組MBR的TN平均去除率分別為26.81%、36.05%、72.96%。這表明碳源是MBR工藝脫氮過(guò)程中的限制因素。當(dāng)投加量為1.42g/d時(shí),堿-稻草組MBR對(duì)TN的去除率達(dá)63.46%,TN平均出水低于城鎮(zhèn)污水處理廠污染物排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(GB18918-2002)一級(jí)A標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的控制濃度15mg/L。經(jīng)動(dòng)力學(xué)分析,堿-稻草組MBR中硝酸鹽飽和常數(shù)為0.21,低于空白組MBR的1.82,更接近于單級(jí)反硝化進(jìn)程。(3)合適的稻草投加量不僅不會(huì)增加出水COD濃度,反而促進(jìn)了活性污泥的脫氫酶活性,堿-稻草組MBR污泥的脫氫酶活性為144.60 mgTF/(L·h),遠(yuǎn)高于對(duì)照組MBR的78.17 mgTF/(L-h)。在連續(xù)110d不排泥的實(shí)驗(yàn)條件下,堿-稻草組MBR中MLSS從初始7865mg/L上升到9466mg/L,并無(wú)發(fā)現(xiàn)堵塞、膜通量下降等不良反應(yīng)。
[Abstract]:Adding carbon source is an effective method to improve nitrogen removal efficiency of low C / N ratio wastewater. Methanol, ethanol, acetic acid and other external carbon sources have the disadvantages of high cost and difficult to control the dosage. Therefore, a new type of cellulose crop waste solid carbon source emerged as the times require, but the untreated crop waste is limited to its large-scale application because of the low efficiency of carbon source, low denitrification rate and high concentration of organic matter in effluent. In view of this, ultrasonic radiation, microwave radiation and alkali soaking were used to pretreat three kinds of cellulose wastes, such as luffon, corncob and straw, to prepare cellulose carrier, and to study its carbon releasing ability. Denitrification ability and denitrification law were applied to MBR to investigate the effect of denitrification. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) Ultrasonic radiation, microwave radiation and alkali soaking were used to pretreat three kinds of lignocellulosic waste materials, such as luffa, corncob and straw, and their COD release ability was compared. The release ability of reducing sugar and denitrification potential were determined as the best pretreatment method. The COD release ability and denitrification potential of the three materials were increased from 136mg / gCOD178mg / g / g 112.04mg / g / g ~ 157.94 mg / g / g to 250mg / g / g = 233.82 mg / g / g ~ 233.82 mg / g / g respectively. The analysis of cellulose carrier components, scanning electron microscopy and infrared spectroscopy showed that alkali treatment could effectively remove the lignin, increase the content of cellulose components and enhance the accessibility of cellulose to enzymes. Taken into account, cellulose carrier can be used as a good slow release solid carbon source. 2) the removal rate of TN by conventional MBR is limited. In the control group, adding polypropylene carrier and adding 0.4g/(L d, the average removal rate of TN in the three groups was 26.81 and 36.05, respectively. This indicates that carbon source is the limiting factor in the denitrification process of MBR process. When the dosage of 1.42g/d was added, the removal rate of TN by MBR of alkali straw group reached 63.46%. The average effluent concentration of TN was lower than that of the first class A standard (GB18918-2002) of the municipal wastewater treatment plant (GB18918-2002). The kinetic analysis showed that the saturation constant of nitrate in MBR of alkali-straw group was 0.21, which was lower than that of MBR in blank group (1.82%), which was closer to the process of single-stage denitrification. The suitable dosage of rice straw did not increase the concentration of COD in effluent. On the contrary, the dehydrogenase activity of the activated sludge was promoted. The dehydrogenase activity of MBR sludge in alkali-straw group was 144.60 mgTF/(L / h, which was much higher than that in the control group (78.17 mg TFR / L ~ (-1) hh ~ (-1). Under the condition of no sludge excretion for 110 days, the MLSS in MBR of alkali-straw group increased from initial 7865mg/L to 9466 mg / L, and no adverse reactions such as blockage and decrease of membrane flux were found.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：X703

【相似文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 黃娟;王世和;鐘秋爽;鄢璐;;不同構(gòu)型濕地氧分布及脫氮效果對(duì)比[J];土木建筑與環(huán)境工程;2009年06期

2 雒維國(guó);王世和;黃娟;鄢璐;黃俊;;植物光合及蒸騰特性對(duì)濕地脫氮效果的影響[J];中國(guó)環(huán)境科學(xué);2006年01期

3 寧安;李正魁;賴(lài)鼎東;張曉姣;楊竹攸;;固定化土著純種細(xì)菌流化床的脫氮效果研究[J];中國(guó)給水排水;2007年17期

4 左金龍;;應(yīng)用神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)評(píng)價(jià)地下水脫氮效果[J];哈爾濱商業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);2009年06期

5 郭鑫;張列宇;席北斗;劉云;李曉光;;高氨氮濃度下濕地植物篩選及脫氮效果研究[J];農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境科學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2011年05期

6 黃娟;王世和;鐘秋爽;鄢璐;劉洋;王峰;;植物生理生態(tài)特性對(duì)人工濕地脫氮效果的影響[J];生態(tài)環(huán)境學(xué)報(bào);2009年02期

7 曾躍;王瑞璞;;改性前后沸石及其再生脫氮效果對(duì)比分析[J];能源研究與信息;2009年04期

8 劉海琴;韓士群;李國(guó)鋒;;固定化復(fù)合微生物對(duì)廢水的脫氮效果[J];江蘇農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué);2006年06期

9 李森;葉海;陳昕;薛峰;王同成;;改良多介質(zhì)土壤層系統(tǒng)對(duì)污染河水的脫氮效果[J];生態(tài)與農(nóng)村環(huán)境學(xué)報(bào);2012年05期

10 劉貫一;彭秋月;;一體式膜生物反應(yīng)器同步除碳脫氮效果[J];河北理工大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);2011年04期

相關(guān)會(huì)議論文 前1條

1 劉景明;于洋;徐巖;俞晟;王愛(ài)輝;;四種填料對(duì)自然水體同時(shí)硝化反硝化脫氮性能的研究[A];2011中國(guó)環(huán)境科學(xué)學(xué)會(huì)學(xué)術(shù)年會(huì)論文集（第一卷）[C];2011年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前6條

1 胡玉;PCL-SND系統(tǒng)處理循環(huán)水養(yǎng)殖水體的初步研究[D];上海海洋大學(xué);2015年

2 吳佳駿;纖維素載體預(yù)處理及其強(qiáng)化MBR脫氮效果研究[D];東南大學(xué);2015年

3 馬俊;倒置A～2/O工藝污水生物脫氮效果研究[D];北京工業(yè)大學(xué);2006年

4 倪永炯;采用儲(chǔ)碳方式提高系統(tǒng)的脫氮效果[D];浙江工業(yè)大學(xué);2009年

5 吳昊;礫石河床對(duì)水體中氮的去除效果試驗(yàn)研究[D];河海大學(xué);2006年

6 宋慧敏;反硝化濾池運(yùn)行條件優(yōu)化及其脫氮效果影響的研究[D];上海師范大學(xué);2012年

，

本文編號(hào)：1834969