本文選題：多孔炭 + 亞甲基藍(lán)��； 參考：《安徽理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著水污染現(xiàn)象的日益嚴(yán)重,水資源短缺是我國面臨的重大問題之一,而海水淡化、工業(yè)含鹽廢水脫鹽回用是解決此問題的重要途徑。電吸附脫鹽技術(shù)因其能耗低、對環(huán)境污染小等優(yōu)點(diǎn)成為一種重要的脫鹽方法。影響電吸附脫鹽效果的關(guān)鍵在于電極材料的比表面積和孔隙結(jié)構(gòu)。因此,如何制備高比表面積和豐富孔隙結(jié)構(gòu)的炭材料成為國內(nèi)外研究的重點(diǎn)。 本研究以花生殼生物質(zhì)炭為先驅(qū)體,采用KOH活化法改性制備多孔炭�？疾炝薑OH與生物質(zhì)炭的浸漬質(zhì)量比、活化時間和活化溫度等操作條件對制得多孔炭材料的比表面積和孔隙結(jié)構(gòu)的影響,探討了多孔炭吸附模型化合物亞甲基藍(lán)的吸附行為,獲得了吸附容量、動力學(xué)和熱力學(xué)等基本參數(shù)。將制備的多孔炭材料做成吸附電極,深入研究了其電化學(xué)性能及脫鹽率。在此基礎(chǔ)上,將多孔炭材料進(jìn)一步進(jìn)行三聚氰胺摻雜改性,初步考察了其電化學(xué)特征。主要結(jié)論如下： (1)控制浸漬比為1.5：1、活化溫度為800℃且活化時間為90min時,制備的多孔炭材料對水溶液中亞甲基藍(lán)具有最高的吸附容量。比表面積及孔徑表征結(jié)果顯示,最佳制備條件下制得的多孔炭材料具有豐富的孔隙結(jié)構(gòu)和較高的比表面積,比表面積達(dá)到597.93m2·g-1,顯著高于未活化的花生殼炭的比表面積(12.28m2·g-1)。亞甲基藍(lán)吸附中,溶液pH、初始亞甲基藍(lán)濃度、溫度等對多孔炭吸附亞甲基藍(lán)效果有明顯影響。pH值為6時,多孔炭對亞甲基藍(lán)的吸附效果最好；活化后的多孔炭材料對亞甲基藍(lán)的吸附效果遠(yuǎn)強(qiáng)于未活化的花生殼炭,吸附容量144.55mg·g-1；當(dāng)亞甲基藍(lán)的初始濃度由100mg·L-1增加到400mg·L-1時,吸附平衡時間由100min增加到500min,而去除率則由99.25%降低到54.35%。 (2)多孔炭吸附電極循環(huán)伏安測試表明,最佳制備條件下制得的多孔炭材料電吸附脫鹽效果最好；掃速越高,多孔炭電極的比電容越小,電極的離子吸附容量越低；鹽濃度越高,多孔炭電極的比電容越大,電極的離子吸附容量越大。離子半徑越小,電荷越大,電吸附性能越好。交流阻抗測試表明,活化多孔炭電極的內(nèi)阻比未活化的花生殼炭電極的內(nèi)阻小,具有更好的導(dǎo)電性能。恒流充放電測試發(fā)現(xiàn),活化多孔炭電極亦具有較好的穩(wěn)定性和循環(huán)再生性,內(nèi)壓降小于未活化的花生殼炭。當(dāng)NaCl溶液的濃度為20ppm時,未活化的花生殼炭電極的脫鹽效率只達(dá)到25%左右,而經(jīng)過KOH活化后的多孔炭電極脫鹽效率可達(dá)到98%左右；隨著NaCl溶液的濃度的增加,出水的電導(dǎo)率逐漸增大,脫鹽效率逐漸降低。 (3)以三聚氰胺為原料,制備氮摻雜的多孔炭電極。XPS表征看出,三聚氰胺摻雜改性后提高了材料中氮含量,且主要為質(zhì)子化吡啶氮和吡啶氮氧化物；氮摻雜多孔炭電極的比電容為53.8F·G-1,高于改性前的比電容41.6F·g-1；脫鹽測試發(fā)現(xiàn),氮摻雜改性后電吸附脫鹽性能亦有所改善。
[Abstract]:With the increasing water pollution, the shortage of water resources is one of the major problems in China, and desalination and reuse of industrial salt-containing wastewater is an important way to solve this problem. Electrosorption desalting technology has become an important desalting method because of its low energy consumption and low environmental pollution. The specific surface area and pore structure of electrode materials are the key factors affecting the desalination effect of electrosorption. Therefore, how to prepare carbon materials with high specific surface area and rich pore structure has become the focus of research at home and abroad. In this study, porous carbon was prepared by KOH activation with peanut shell biomass carbon as precursor. The effects of the impregnation mass ratio of KOH and biomass carbon, activation time and activation temperature on the specific surface area and pore structure of porous carbon materials were investigated. The adsorption behavior of porous carbon adsorption model compound methylene blue was discussed. The basic parameters of adsorption capacity, kinetics and thermodynamics were obtained. The electrochemical properties and desalinization rate of porous carbon materials were studied. On this basis, the porous carbon materials were further modified by melamine, and their electrochemical characteristics were preliminarily investigated. The main conclusions are as follows: When the impregnation ratio is 1.5: 1, the activation temperature is 800 鈩，

本文編號：1829154