本文選題：產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu) + 水環(huán)境污染��； 參考：《南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：水資源是重要的自然資源,與社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)和人民生活息息相關(guān),又是構(gòu)成生態(tài)環(huán)境的重要要素,70年代以來(lái),隨著江蘇省經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,多數(shù)城市的工業(yè)廢水未經(jīng)任何處理直接排入河流和湖泊以及農(nóng)村地區(qū)的化肥和農(nóng)藥大量使用,自然水環(huán)境污染嚴(yán)重.水環(huán)境污染嚴(yán)重影響社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的循環(huán)發(fā)展,實(shí)施產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整、工程治理和加強(qiáng)環(huán)境監(jiān)管三大體系的綜合治理成為控制水環(huán)境污染的重要途徑。各種產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展是實(shí)現(xiàn)社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)不斷增長(zhǎng)的推動(dòng)力,與此同時(shí)產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展也給環(huán)境帶來(lái)了不同程度的污染,所以調(diào)整產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)與優(yōu)化產(chǎn)業(yè)升級(jí)是減少污染物排放、改善生態(tài)環(huán)境質(zhì)量的重要決策。本文以縣(市、區(qū))為評(píng)價(jià)單元,構(gòu)建了綜合反映產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)水環(huán)境污染影響的復(fù)合型水環(huán)境污染指標(biāo)體系,分析了江蘇省農(nóng)田污染負(fù)荷、工業(yè)污染負(fù)荷的空間分布特點(diǎn)。利用SPSS18.0軟件,對(duì)整理的指標(biāo)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行主成分分析,從而得出產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)污染因子。利用聚類(lèi)分析研究了江蘇省水環(huán)境綜合污染的空間分布情況,計(jì)算蘇南、蘇中、蘇北和區(qū)、縣(市)的各主成分及綜合平均得分值,對(duì)比區(qū)和縣(市)兩級(jí)以及蘇南、蘇中、蘇北水環(huán)境污染等級(jí)的影響因素。本文主要研究結(jié)果如下:(1)江蘇省產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)污染因子分別為土地利用強(qiáng)度因子、非農(nóng)結(jié)構(gòu)因子、工業(yè)點(diǎn)源污染因子、農(nóng)業(yè)面源污染因子和污染削減能力因子,從而得出區(qū)域水環(huán)境污染的最大因素是工業(yè)化進(jìn)程的加快,然而,水環(huán)境的惡化是多種因素共同作用的結(jié)果,(2)江蘇省社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展對(duì)水環(huán)境污染的影響分為高、中和低3個(gè)等級(jí)。其中水環(huán)境污染影響高等的單元23個(gè),面積2274km~2,占江蘇省總面積比重為2.22%;水環(huán)境污染影響中等的單元有45個(gè),占江蘇省總面積為48687km~2,占江蘇省總面積比重47.45%;水環(huán)境污染影響低等的單元有37個(gè),總面積為51639km~2,占江蘇省總面積比重50.33%。(3)市區(qū)作為城市經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的核心,產(chǎn)量高,總環(huán)境成本消耗量也大�？h(市)在農(nóng)藥和化肥的投入量也相對(duì)較大�？h(市)級(jí)污染削減能力低于區(qū)級(jí)。江蘇省蘇南地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展較快,蘇中地區(qū)加快追趕蘇南經(jīng)濟(jì)的步伐,工業(yè)化進(jìn)程迅速,所以蘇南和蘇中地區(qū)工業(yè)產(chǎn)值較高,對(duì)水環(huán)境的壓力較大,而蘇北地區(qū)相較于蘇中和蘇南地區(qū)在農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)值比重較高,農(nóng)北面源污染較為嚴(yán)重。另外,蘇北地區(qū)相較于蘇中和蘇南地區(qū)污染削減能力弱。
[Abstract]:Water resource is an important natural resource, which is closely related to social and economic construction and people's daily life. It is also an important element of ecological environment since 1970s, with the development of Jiangsu's economy. Industrial wastewater in most cities is discharged directly into rivers and lakes without any treatment, as well as in rural areas where chemical fertilizers and pesticides are used in large quantities, and the natural water environment is seriously polluted. The water environment pollution seriously affects the circulation development of the society and economy. It is an important way to control the water environment pollution to carry out the adjustment of the industrial structure, the comprehensive treatment of the engineering treatment and the strengthening of the environmental supervision system. The development of various industries is the driving force to realize the continuous growth of the social economy, at the same time, the development of the industry also brings different levels of pollution to the environment, so adjusting the industrial structure and optimizing the industrial upgrading are to reduce the emission of pollutants. An important decision to improve the quality of the ecological environment. Taking county (city and district) as evaluation unit, this paper constructs a composite water environment pollution index system which comprehensively reflects the influence of industrial structure on water environment pollution, and analyzes the spatial distribution characteristics of farmland pollution load and industrial pollution load in Jiangsu Province. By using SPSS18.0 software, the principal component analysis of the index data is carried out, and the pollution factor of industrial structure is obtained. The spatial distribution of comprehensive pollution of water environment in Jiangsu Province was studied by cluster analysis. The principal components and the comprehensive average scores of each principal component and comprehensive average score of south Jiangsu, middle Jiangsu, northern Jiangsu and district (city) were calculated, and the comparison area and county (city) levels, as well as southern Jiangsu and central Jiangsu, were calculated. Influencing factors of Water pollution Grade in Northern Jiangsu Province. The main results of this paper are as follows: (1) the pollution factors of industrial structure in Jiangsu Province are land use intensity factor, non-agricultural structure factor, industrial point source pollution factor, agricultural non-point source pollution factor and pollution reduction ability factor, respectively. It is concluded that the biggest factor of regional water environment pollution is the acceleration of industrialization. However, the deterioration of water environment is the result of the joint action of many factors. (2) the impact of social and economic development on water environment pollution in Jiangsu Province is high. Middle and low levels 3. Among them, 23 units with an area of 2274km2, accounting for 2.22% of the total area of Jiangsu Province, have a moderate impact on water environment pollution, and 45 units have a moderate impact on water environment pollution. The total area of Jiangsu Province is 48687km2, and the proportion of Jiangsu Province's total area is 47.450.The urban area is the core of urban economic development, and the output is high, with a total area of 51639kmm2 and a total area of 51639kmm2. Total environmental cost consumption is also large. County (city) in the pesticide and fertilizer input is relatively large. The ability of reducing pollution at county (city) level is lower than that at district level. The economic development of southern Jiangsu Province is relatively fast, and the central Jiangsu region is speeding up the pace of catching up with the southern Jiangsu economy and the rapid process of industrialization. Therefore, the industrial output value of the southern and central Jiangsu regions is relatively high, and the pressure on the water environment is greater. The proportion of agricultural output value in north Jiangsu is higher than that in central Jiangsu and southern Jiangsu, and the non-point source pollution in northern Jiangsu is more serious. In addition, the north of Jiangsu is weaker than the middle and south of Jiangsu.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：X322;X52

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