本文選題：白陶土 + 間歇試驗��； 參考：《大連理工大學》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：尋找高效低廉的吸附劑用于工業(yè)廢水處理是解決重金屬污染的首選課題。本文采用兩種試驗方法分別研究了重金屬在靜態(tài)與動態(tài)條件下的吸附特性。主要開展以下工作：(1)白陶土在靜態(tài)條件下對多種重金屬的吸附特性。包括一元體系下的吸附特性及其影響因素分析；二元體系及三元體系下的競爭吸附特性。 (2)動態(tài)條件下,骨炭對重金屬的吸附特性與運移特性,包括鉛的運移特性及其影響因素：鉛銅二元體系的運移特性與競爭特性。經(jīng)對試驗結(jié)果的理論分析,得到以下結(jié)論：(1)在一元體系下,白陶土對Pb(Ⅱ)、Cu(Ⅱ)、Cd(Ⅱ)具有較高吸附性能。對Pb(Ⅱ)的吸附量顯著受土水比、pH、離子強度等因素影響,吸附為吸熱反應(yīng)。其等溫吸附可用Langmuir模型描述。白陶上對金屬吸附具有選擇性,最大吸附量排序為PbCd。動力學試驗結(jié)果表明,白陶土對Pb(Ⅱ)、Cu(Ⅱ)、Cd(Ⅱ)的吸附為快速反應(yīng),3小時即可達到平衡吸附,可用偽二階動力學模型預(yù)測。(2)白陶土,膨潤土、高嶺土對Pb(Ⅱ)吸附試驗結(jié)果表明.白陶土吸附能力最高。試驗用白陶土具有較大比表面積,且經(jīng)XRD分析可知白陶土中含有沸石、方解石等特殊礦物成分,導(dǎo)致其對Pb(Ⅱ)具有較高的吸附能力。(3)白陶土對重金屬離子的吸附機制主要為：靜電吸附,表面絡(luò)合反應(yīng),離子交換,方解石的化學反應(yīng)(Pb2+)。(4)對于Pb(Ⅱ)-Cd(Ⅱ)與Pb(Ⅱ)-Cu(Ⅱ)二元體系,Cu(Ⅱ)可顯著抑制白陶土對Pb(Ⅱ)的吸附,且隨Cu(Ⅱ)濃度增加,Pb(Ⅱ)的吸附量顯著下降,而Cd(Ⅱ)影響相對較小。對于Cu(Ⅱ)-Cd(Ⅱ)二元體系,當Cu(Ⅱ)濃度為某一值時,Cd(Ⅱ)的吸附受到明顯抑制。在三元體系下(Pb(Ⅱ)-Cd(Ⅱ)-Cu(Ⅱ)),白陶土對三種金屬的吸附量均顯著下降,Pb(Ⅱ)的吸附量隨Cu(Ⅱ)與Cd(Ⅱ)濃度增加而下降,而Cu(Ⅱ)與Cd(Ⅱ)的吸附量受Pb(Ⅱ)濃度變化影響較小。(5)以砂-骨炭作為填柱材料,通過土柱試驗,探討了Pb(Ⅱ)初始濃度、柱高、流速等參數(shù)對重金屬運移過程的影響。試驗結(jié)果表明,隨初始濃度、柱高、入流速度增加.穿透時間相應(yīng)下降,但初始濃度與柱高影響較大。Dose-Response模型與實測穿透曲線擬合度相對較好。在Pb(Ⅱ)-Cu(Ⅱ)二元體系下,隨Cu(Ⅱ)濃度增加Pb(Ⅱ)運移速度加快,主要原因為Cu(Ⅱ)可顯著抑制Pb(Ⅱ)在骨炭上的吸附所致。
[Abstract]:Finding efficient and low-cost adsorbents for industrial wastewater treatment is the first choice to solve heavy metal pollution. In this paper, the adsorption characteristics of heavy metals under static and dynamic conditions were studied by two experimental methods. The main work is as follows: 1) the adsorption characteristics of white clay for many heavy metals under static conditions. The characteristics of adsorption and its influencing factors in monolithic system and competitive adsorption in binary system and ternary system are analyzed. (2) under dynamic conditions, the adsorption and migration characteristics of heavy metals by bone charcoal, including the transport characteristics of lead and its influencing factors, the transport characteristics and competition characteristics of lead-copper binary system. Based on the theoretical analysis of the experimental results, the following conclusions are obtained: (1) in the monomorphic system, the white clay has a high adsorption property for Pb (鈪，

本文編號：1819753