本文選題：糖蜜酵母廢水 + 水質(zhì)污染特性�。� 參考：《華南理工大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：酵母是目前世界上唯一年產(chǎn)量超過百萬噸的微生物,被廣泛應(yīng)用于食品、釀酒、醫(yī)藥、化妝品、飼料等行業(yè)。糖蜜酵母工業(yè)中排放出大量的、成分復(fù)雜的糖蜜酵母廢水,其具有高濃度有機物和硫酸鹽含量、可生化性差的特點。糖蜜酵母廢水在經(jīng)過一般的生化處理工藝后,出水COD濃度和色度較高難以達標排放。本文在全面分析糖蜜酵母廢水的水質(zhì)特征和有機污染物特性的基礎(chǔ)上,建立了從酵母廢水中回收焦糖色素的相關(guān)工藝;同時,探討了糖蜜酵母廢水的厭氧生物處理工藝和工藝運行參數(shù),對比了回收焦糖色素前后糖蜜酵母廢水厭氧生物處理工藝的減排效果,對酵母廢水的綜合治理新途徑的開發(fā)具有一定現(xiàn)實意義。本文主要研究內(nèi)容與結(jié)果如下:(1)基于常規(guī)水質(zhì)監(jiān)測方法、氣相色譜-質(zhì)譜聯(lián)用(GC-MS)分析,探討了糖蜜酵母廢水水質(zhì)特征和有機污染物特性。糖蜜酵母廢水中存在大量的酚類、酮類和酯類物質(zhì),使糖蜜酵母廢水具有高色度的特征,苯環(huán)類、長鏈烴和雜環(huán)類等難以生物降解化合物的存在,則是糖蜜酵母廢水可生化性差的直接原因。(2)采用調(diào)節(jié)pH—超濾分離—蒸發(fā)濃縮—真空干燥的工藝回收焦糖色素;采用分子截留量為5kDa超濾膜分離,經(jīng)1次洗濾工藝,可從2L糖蜜酵母廢水中回收出約30g焦糖色素,回收率約為15g/L;經(jīng)檢測,其色率為79200EBC,紅色指數(shù)為2.94,黃色指數(shù)為4.96,具有較好的耐鹽和耐酸性能,基本符合焦糖色素國家標準GB8117-2001。(3)自行設(shè)計了糖蜜酵母廢水厭氧生物處理工藝小試實驗裝置,確定了厭氧生物處理工藝最佳運行參數(shù)條件,最終采用Ⅰ級升流式厭氧污泥床反應(yīng)器(UASB)-臭氧中間處理-Ⅱ級UASB厭氧生物處理組合工藝處理高濃度有機物的糖蜜酵母廢水。糖蜜酵母廢水回收焦糖色素后,再經(jīng)厭氧生物工藝處理,COD綜合減排量可以達到88%,廢水色度去除率達到82.9%,為后續(xù)進一步采用好氧生物處理及深度達標處理打下了良好基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:Yeast is the only microorganism in the world with an annual output of more than one million tons, which is widely used in food, wine, medicine, cosmetics, feed and other industries. A large amount of molasses yeast wastewater with complex components is discharged from molasses yeast industry, which has the characteristics of high concentration of organic matter, sulfate content and poor biodegradability. After general biochemical treatment, the effluent of molasses yeast wastewater is difficult to meet the standard of COD concentration and chroma. Based on the comprehensive analysis of the water quality and organic pollutant characteristics of molasses yeast wastewater, the related technology of recovering caramel pigment from yeast wastewater was established. The anaerobic biological treatment process and operation parameters of molasses yeast wastewater were discussed, and the emission reduction effects of the anaerobic biological treatment process of molasses yeast wastewater before and after the recovery of caramel pigment were compared. It is of practical significance to develop a new way of comprehensive treatment of yeast wastewater. The main contents and results of this paper are as follows: (1) based on the conventional water quality monitoring method, the characteristics of molasses yeast wastewater water quality and organic pollutants were analyzed by GC-MS. There are a large number of phenols, ketones and esters in molasses yeast wastewater, which make molasses yeast wastewater have high color characteristics, benzene rings, long chain hydrocarbons and heterocyclic compounds are difficult to biodegrade. It is the direct cause of the poor biodegradability of molasses yeast wastewater. The process of adjusting pH value, ultrafiltration separation, evaporating concentration and vacuum drying is used to recover caramel pigment, and the molecular retention is separated by 5kDa ultrafiltration membrane, which is washed and filtered once. About 30g caramel pigment was recovered from 2L molasses yeast wastewater, the recovery was about 15g / L, the color ratio was 79200EBC, the red index was 2.94, and the yellow index was 4.96. In accordance with the national standard of caramel pigment GB8117-2001.03) the experimental equipment for anaerobic biological treatment of molasses yeast wastewater was designed by ourselves, and the optimum operating parameters of anaerobic biological treatment process were determined. In the end, UASBM-ozone intermediate treatment-鈪，

本文編號：1808789