發(fā)布時間：2018-04-23 06:11

  本文選題：南寧市 + 巖溶土地�。� 參考：《廣西大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：石漠化是巖溶地區(qū)土地退化的極端形式。研究石漠化的動態(tài)變化情況,分析其變化原因,總結(jié)石漠化治理的經(jīng)驗,為南寧市制定石漠化防治措施,推進(jìn)石漠化綜合治理提供基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)和科學(xué)依據(jù)。本文綜述了國內(nèi)外石漠化的研究現(xiàn)狀與發(fā)展趨勢,在廣西2005年第一次石漠化監(jiān)測及2011年第二次石漠化監(jiān)測成果基礎(chǔ)上,以南寧市巖溶地區(qū)為研究對象,采用3S技術(shù)和數(shù)理統(tǒng)計方法對2005-2011年南寧市巖溶土地、石漠化程度的動態(tài)變化情況及石漠化變化的原因進(jìn)行研究分析。研究表明：(1)南寧市巖溶土地穩(wěn)定型面積745496.8 hm2,占巖溶土地面積的93.6%；順向演替面積43513.3 hm2,占巖溶土地面積的5.5%；逆向演替面積7438.4 hm2,占巖溶土地面積的0.9%。南寧市巖溶土地基本處在穩(wěn)定的狀態(tài),稍有改善。(2)研究區(qū)巖溶土地變化情況：由石漠化土地轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)闈撛谑恋孛娣e37602.3 hm2,轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榉鞘恋孛娣e2568.3 hm2；由潛在石漠化土地轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榉鞘恋孛娣e3342.7 hm2,轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槭恋孛娣e3189.1hm2；由非石漠化土地轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)闈撛谑恋孛娣e3270.6 hm2,轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槭恋孛娣e546.7 hm2。(3)分析石漠化程度變化情況,結(jié)果表明：2011年石漠化土地面積比2005年減少35534.8 hm2,其中輕度石漠化減少3215.3 hm2,中度石漠化減少3152.0 hm2,重度石漠化減少29430.3 hm2,極重度石漠化增加262.8hm2。石漠化土地在整體減少的同時局部在繼續(xù)惡化中。(4)分析巖溶土地變化原因,認(rèn)為治理因素是引起研究區(qū)巖溶土地順向演替的主要推動因素,其中封山管護(hù)措施成效最為顯著。因?qū)嵤┓馍焦茏o(hù)措施而引起巖溶土地順向演替的面積29136.3 hm2,占順向演替面積的67.0%。災(zāi)害因素和不適當(dāng)經(jīng)營等人為破壞因素是引起巖溶土地逆向演替的主要推動因素,面積分別為1616.4 hm2和1479.0 hm2。(5)建立石漠化程度變化影響因子數(shù)據(jù)庫并進(jìn)行相關(guān)性分析,得出封山管護(hù)、人工造林、封山育林與石漠化程度順向演替極為相關(guān),自然修復(fù)和工程建設(shè)與石漠化程度順向演替相關(guān),其它因素、坡改梯工程和中幼林撫育都與石漠化程度順向演替不相關(guān)；其它因素和災(zāi)難性氣候與石漠化程度逆向演替極為相關(guān),不適當(dāng)經(jīng)營方式對石漠化程度逆向演替存在著很大的影響,毀林開荒、過度樵采等人為破壞對石漠化程度逆向演替有一定的影響,但不是主要影響因素。
[Abstract]:Rocky desertification is an extreme form of land degradation in karst areas. This paper studies the dynamic changes of rocky desertification, analyzes its causes, summarizes the experience of controlling rocky desertification, and provides basic data and scientific basis for Nanning to formulate measures to prevent and control rocky desertification and to promote comprehensive control of rocky desertification. Based on the results of the first monitoring of rocky desertification in Guangxi in 2005 and the second monitoring of rocky desertification in 2011, this paper summarizes the present research situation and development trend of rocky desertification at home and abroad, and takes the karst area of Nanning as the research object. The dynamic changes of rocky desertification degree and the causes of rock desertification in karst land of Nanning City from 2005 to 2011 were studied and analyzed by using 3s technique and mathematical statistics method. The results show that the stable area of karst land in Nanning is 745496.8 mm ~ 2, which accounts for 93.6% of the area of karst land; the area of direct succession is 43513.3 mm ~ 2, accounting for 5.5% of the area of karst land; and the area of reverse succession is 7438.4 hm ~ 2, accounting for 0.9% of the area of karst land. The karst land in Nanning is basically in a stable state. Change of karst land in the study area: from rocky desertification land to potential rocky desertification land area of 37602.3 hm ~ 2, to non-stone desertification land area of 2568.3 mm ~ 2, from potential rocky desertification land to non-stone desertification land area to non-stone desertification land area 3342.7 From non-rocky desertification land to potential rocky desertification land area of 3270.6 hm ~ 2, to stone desertification land area of 546.7 hm ~ 2 路m ~ (3)) to analyze the change of rocky desertification degree. The results showed that the land area of rocky desertification in 2011 decreased by 35534.8 hm2compared with 2005, in which mild rocky desertification decreased by 3215.3 hm2, moderate rocky desertification decreased by 3152.0 hm2, severe rocky desertification decreased by 29430.3 hm2, and very severe rocky desertification increased by 262.8 hm2. The causes of karst land change are analyzed. It is considered that the controlling factors are the main driving factors for the direct succession of karst land in the study area, among which the effect of mountain closure management and conservation measures is the most remarkable. The area of direct succession of karst land is 29136.3 mm ~ 2, which accounts for 67.0% of the area of forward succession. Disaster factors and improper management are the main driving factors to cause reverse succession of karst land. The area is 1616.4 hm2 and 1479.0 hm2.05 respectively) the database of the factors affecting the change of rocky desertification degree is established and the correlation analysis is carried out. It is concluded that the sequestration of mountain management and conservation, artificial afforestation, forest closure and cultivation are closely related to the direct succession of the degree of rocky desertification, and the natural restoration and engineering construction are closely related to the succession of the degree of rocky desertification, and other factors, The slope change ladder engineering and the middle and young forest tending are not related to the direct succession of the degree of rocky desertification, and other factors and catastrophic climate are extremely related to the reverse succession of the degree of rocky desertification, and the improper management mode has a great influence on the reverse succession of the degree of rocky desertification. The artificial destruction of deforestation and excessive wood harvesting has certain influence on the reverse succession of rocky desertification, but it is not the main influencing factor.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X171

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本文編號：1790769