本文選題：湖南省東北部 + 茶葉��； 參考：《湖南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文主要對(duì)湖南省東北部的茶葉和茶園土壤中Pb、Cd的污染情況進(jìn)行了調(diào)查,對(duì)相對(duì)應(yīng)茶園中自然環(huán)境下成長的茶樹植株進(jìn)行采樣,為茶園土壤Pb、Cd監(jiān)測、防治污染、構(gòu)建有機(jī)茶園,以及今后茶葉的應(yīng)用推廣、茶葉質(zhì)量控制和產(chǎn)品開發(fā)提供參考依據(jù)。獲得主要的研究結(jié)果如下：(1)湖南省東北部各類成品茶中的重金屬Pb和Cd含量綠茶Pb含量O.42～1.05mg/kg,Cd含量0.0195～0.0234mg/kg;紅茶Pb含量0.73-1.23mg/kg,紅茶Cd含量O.0221～0.0379mg/kg;黑茶Pb含量2.67～3.34mg/kg,Cd含量O.0436～0.0576mg/L。樣品茶Pb、Cd檢出值均較低,符合無公害茶葉和有機(jī)茶的限值標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。(2)湖南省東北部春季各茶園土壤中的重金屬Pb和Cd含量通過對(duì)湖南省東北部八個(gè)茶園春季土壤中鉛、鎘含量進(jìn)行調(diào)查。結(jié)果是：鉛的含量變化區(qū)間為19.07mg/kg～42.39mg/kg,平均值為26.72mg/kg,八個(gè)茶園的土壤Pb符合國家二級(jí)土壤環(huán)境質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及無公害茶園標(biāo)準(zhǔn),全都達(dá)到有機(jī)茶園標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的要求,以國標(biāo)GB15618-1995為標(biāo)準(zhǔn),湖南省東北部茶園100%屬于清潔。土壤鎘的含量變化區(qū)間為O.116mg/kg～0.318mg/kg,平均值為0.183mg/kg,96%的茶園的土壤Pb符合國家二級(jí)土壤環(huán)境質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及無公害茶園標(biāo)準(zhǔn),68%的茶園達(dá)到有機(jī)茶園標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的要求,以國標(biāo)GB15618-1995為標(biāo)準(zhǔn),湖南省東北部茶園中72%屬于清潔,24%屬于尚清潔,僅有一個(gè)茶園有輕度的超標(biāo)。(3)湖南省東北部不同地域春季茶樹白毫早重金屬Pb、Cd含量對(duì)湖南省東北部不同地域的八個(gè)茶園的春季白豪早的茶樹各個(gè)部位(心梢、老葉、莖)和土壤重金屬含量。Pb和Cd在不同地域春季白毫早的心梢、老葉、莖中差異顯著,老葉中Pb的含量約為心梢的4-10倍,莖中的則超過心梢中10倍；老葉中Cd的含量則是心梢中的3-6倍,莖中的約為心梢中的10～15倍。不同茶園的茶樹各個(gè)部分含量各異,其中茶庵鋪的白毫早莖和老葉中Pb含量最高,分別為20.05mg/kg、 6.17mg/kg;高橋茶場的白毫早心梢Pb含量和莖中的Cd含量最高,分別為1.33mg/kg、 O.782mg/kg,楊林坳的白毫早老葉和心梢中Cd含量最高,分別為O.273mg/kg、0.0652mg/kg; Pb、Cd在心梢中的含量與土壤pH呈明顯的負(fù)相關(guān),相關(guān)系數(shù)分別為：-0.983、-0.971。(4)湖南省東北部同一茶區(qū)春季的不同品種的茶樹Pb、Cd含量湖南省東北部各個(gè)茶區(qū)春季不同品種茶樹心梢Pb含量及富集系數(shù)分別為：碧香早0.0383～0.0724mg/kg、0.0168～0.0204,福鼎大白0.0664～0.0768mg/kg、0.0179～0.0396,白毫早0.0256～0.0652mg/kg、0.0201～0.0579,楮葉齊0.0532～0.0638mg/kg、0.0239～0.0429,桃源大葉0.0300～0.0732mg/kg、0.0123～0.215；不同品種茶樹心梢Cd含量及富集系數(shù)分別為：碧香早0.0383～0.0724mg/kg、0.30～0.43,福鼎大白0.0664～ 0.0768mg/kg、0.35～0.42,白毫早0.0256～0.0652mg/kg、0.20～0.36,楮葉齊0.0532～ 0.0638 mg/kg、0.27～0.35,桃源大葉0.0300～0.0732 mg/kg、0.21～0.33。(5)湖南省東北部春夏季節(jié)的茶樹和土壤的Pb、Cd含量比較春夏兩季土壤和茶樹各部位Pb含量結(jié)果為：土壤(春19.07～42.39mg/kg,夏20.85～44.26)、莖(春6.91～22.19mg/kg,夏7.56～24.87mg/kg)和老葉(春340～ 6.06mg/kg,夏4.35～7.86mg/kg)中的Pb含量夏天略高于春天,心梢則相反。土壤中的Cd春季(0.128～0.272mg/kg)含量略高于夏季(0.12～0.267mg/kg),老葉(春0.0378～ 0.0620mg/kg,夏0.0453～0.0720mg/kg)和莖(春0.0521～0.0802mg/kg,夏0.0664～ 0.0921 mg/kg)的Cd含量春季略低于夏季,心梢中Cd含量則是春季(0.0118～ 0.0232mg/kg)大于秋季(0.0086～0.0145mg/kg)。
[Abstract]:The pollution of Pb and Cd in tea and tea garden soil in Northeast of Hunan province was investigated. The tea plants growing in the natural environment of tea garden were sampled, and the tea garden soil Pb, Cd monitoring, pollution control, organic tea garden, application and popularization of tea leaves in the future, tea quality control and product development were provided. The main results are as follows: (1) the contents of heavy metals Pb and Cd in all kinds of finished tea in the northeast of Hunan province are O.42 to 1.05mg/kg, Cd content 0.0195 to 0.0234mg/kg, Pb content 0.73-1.23mg/kg in black tea and O.0221 to 0.0379mg/kg in black tea, 2.67 to 2.67 The detection values of Pb and Cd were all low, which were in line with the limit standard of pollution-free tea and organic tea. (2) the contents of Pb and Cd in the soil of tea garden in the northeast of Hunan province were investigated in the spring soil of eight tea gardens in Northeast of Hunan province. The result was that the change range of lead content was 19.07mg/kg to 42.39mg/kg. The value of 26.72mg/kg was 26.72mg/kg. The soil Pb in the eight tea gardens met the national two level soil environmental quality standard and the standard of non pollution tea garden, all reached the requirements of the standard of organic tea garden, 100% of the tea garden in the northeast of Hunan province was clean with the standard of national standard. The change of soil cadmium content was O.116mg/kg to 0.318mg/kg, and the average value was 0.183mg/kg, The soil Pb of 96% tea garden is in accordance with national two level soil environmental quality standard and non pollution tea garden standard, 68% tea garden meets the requirement of organic tea garden standard. With national standard GB15618-1995 as standard, 72% of tea garden in Northeast of Hunan province is clean, 24% belongs to clean, only one tea garden has slight exceeding standard. (3) different regions in Northeast of Hunan province. Spring tea tree white early heavy metal Pb, Cd content of the eight tea garden in the eight tea gardens in the northeast of the northeast of Hunan Province, spring white Hao early in the different parts of the tea tree (heart, old leaves, stems) and soil heavy metal content.Pb and Cd in different regions of the spring white early heart, old leaves, stems, the difference is obvious, the content of Pb in the old leaf is about 4-10 times the heart tip, stem in the stem. The content of Cd in the old leaf was 3-6 times more than that in the tip of the heart, and the content of the Cd in the stem was about 10~15 times in the shoot. The contents of the tea trees in different tea gardens were different, and the content of Pb in the White Early stems and the old leaves of the tea nunnery was 20.05mg/kg, 6.17mg/kg, and the Pb content of the white early heart shoot and the Cd content in the stem. The highest content of 1.33mg/kg, O.782mg/kg, Yang Linao's white early leaves and heart shoots is the highest Cd content, respectively O.273mg/kg, 0.0652mg/kg; Pb, Cd in the heart tip and soil pH showed a significant negative correlation, the correlation coefficient is -0.983, -0.971. (4) different varieties of tea tree Pb, Cd content in the same tea area in the northeast of Hunan province. The Pb content and enrichment coefficient of different tea varieties in each tea area in northeastern Hunan province were as follows: 0.0383 to 0.0724mg/kg, 0.0168 to 0.0204, 0.0664 to 0.0768mg/kg, 0.0179 to 0.0396, 0.0256 to 0.0652mg/kg in white early, 0.0201 to 0.0579, and 0.0532 to 0.0638mg/kg, 0.0239 to 0.0429, Taoyuan leaf 0.030 0 ~ 0.0732mg/kg, 0.0123 ~ 0.215, the Cd content and enrichment coefficient of different varieties of tea shoots were as follows: Jasmine early 0.0383 ~ 0.0724mg/kg, 0.30 ~ 0.43, Fuding big white 0.0664 ~ 0.0768mg/kg, 0.35 ~ 0.42, white early 0.0256 to 0.0652mg/kg, 0.20 ~ 0.36, papylia 0.0532 ~ 0.0638 mg/kg, Taoyuan large leaf 0.21 ~ 0.33. (5) Pb of tea tree and soil in the spring and summer season of northeast Hunan Province, the content of Cd in the soil and tea tree in the spring and summer two seasons is compared with the soil (spring 19.07 ~ 42.39mg/kg, summer 20.85 ~ 44.26), stems (spring 6.91 to 22.19mg/kg, summer 7.56 to 24.87mg/kg) and the Pb content of old leaves (spring 340 to 6.06mg/kg, summer 4.35 to 7.86mg/kg) In summer, it is slightly higher than spring, and the heart tip is opposite. The content of Cd in spring (0.128 ~ 0.272mg/kg) in soil is slightly higher than that in summer (0.12 ~ 0.267mg/kg). The Cd content of old leaves (spring 0.0378 ~ 0.0620mg/kg, summer 0.0453 to 0.0720mg/kg) and stems (spring 0.0521 to 0.0802mg/kg, summer 0.0664 to 0.0921 mg/kg) is slightly lower than that in summer, and the Cd content in the tip of the heart is spring (0.01). 18 to 0.0232mg/kg) greater than autumn (0.0086 to 0.0145mg/kg).

【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X53;S571.1

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