本文選題：nFe_2O_3 + 聚球藻��； 參考：《南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：納米材料由于其特殊的性質(zhì),得到越來越廣泛的應(yīng)用,不可避免的進入環(huán)境中對生物造成毒性效應(yīng)。近年來以藻類為對象的納米毒性研究日益增加,但是絕大部分研究集中于真核生物并且忽略了復雜水環(huán)境中天然有機物的影響。本文采用原核生物聚球藻為研究對象,系統(tǒng)地探討納米氧化鐵(nFe2O3)對聚球藻48h急性毒性以及15d慢性毒性的生物學效應(yīng),解析添加天然有機物富里酸對納米顆粒的物理化學性質(zhì)和毒性效應(yīng)的影響。1)48h急性實驗顯示nFe2O3對聚球藻細胞有毒性效應(yīng),且毒性程度大小與納米顆粒濃度呈現(xiàn)正相關(guān),在低濃度下,納米顆粒無明顯毒性影響,當nFe2O3濃度大于10mg·L-1時,細胞內(nèi)葉綠素、可溶性總蛋白以及總糖含量都顯著性降低。實驗結(jié)果說明當nFe2O3濃度大于10mg·L-1時,會使聚球藻細胞光合作用受阻、生理代謝紊亂。2)高濃度nFe2O3暴露能使聚球藻產(chǎn)生顯著的氧化應(yīng)激現(xiàn)象,如當濃度為30 mg·L-1時,CAT活力是對照的4.44倍,POD活力是對照的3.31倍,SOD活力是對照的3.34倍。結(jié)果顯示nFe2O3可能會使藻細胞產(chǎn)生過量的ROS,抗氧化酶是機體抵御外界環(huán)境脅迫的第一道防御系統(tǒng)。3)一定濃度范圍內(nèi)天然有機物富里酸(FA)能減緩nFe2O3對聚球藻的毒性效應(yīng),10mg·L-1nFe2O3在10、20和40mg·L-1FA的共同作用下,細胞內(nèi)葉綠素、可溶性總蛋白、總糖含量以及抗氧化酶水平(CAT、POD和SOD活力)都與對照無顯著差別。4)本實驗將納米顆粒對藻細胞的急性毒性和慢性毒性進行比較,nFe2O3對聚球藻15d的慢性毒性研究表明,nFe2O3顆粒對聚球藻細胞無明顯生長脅迫和毒性效應(yīng),細胞內(nèi)生理代謝都基本恢復到對照水平。
[Abstract]:Nanomaterials are more and more widely used because of their special properties.In recent years, the research on the nano-toxicity of algae is increasing, but most of the studies focus on eukaryotes and ignore the influence of natural organic matter in complex water environment.In this paper, the biological effects of nano-ferric oxide nFe2O3) on the acute toxicity of Chlorella spp. for 48 h and the chronic toxicity at 15 d were studied.The effects of natural organic compound fulvic acid on the physical and chemical properties and toxicity of nanoparticles were analyzed. The acute experiment for 48 h showed that nFe2O3 had a toxic effect on Chlorella polycystis cells, and the degree of toxicity was positively correlated with the concentration of nanoparticles.When the concentration of nFe2O3 was higher than 10mg L-1, the contents of chlorophyll, soluble total protein and total sugar were significantly decreased.The results showed that when the concentration of nFe2O3 was higher than 10mg L-1, the photosynthesis of chlorella cells was blocked, and the physiological metabolic disorder. 2) the exposure of high concentration of nFe2O3 to Chlorella spp resulted in significant oxidative stress.When the concentration was 30 mg L ~ (-1), the activity of cat was 4.44 times of that of the control, and the activity of POD was 3.31 times of that of the control, and the activity of SOD was 3.34 times of that of the control.The results showed that nFe2O3 might make algal cells produce excessive ROS.Antioxidant enzyme is the first defense system to resist external environmental stress. 3) the natural organic substance, fulvic acid FAA, in a certain concentration range, can slow down the toxicity of nFe2O3 to Chlorella spp.10mg L-1nFe2O3 was combined with 40mg L-1FA.Intracellular chlorophyll, soluble total protein,There was no significant difference in total sugar content and antioxidant enzyme level. (4) in this experiment, the acute and chronic toxicity of nanoparticles to algal cells was compared. The chronic toxicity of nFe2O3 to Chlorella aggregates for 15 days was studied.There was no obvious growth stress and toxic effect of granules on chlorella cells.The intracellular physiological metabolism was basically restored to the control level.
【學位授予單位】：南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X171.5;TB383.1

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