本文選題：環(huán)境控制 + 氮�。� 參考：《農(nóng)業(yè)工程學(xué)報》2016年05期

【摘要】：為研究稻田消解沼液的能力及消解沼液過程中潛在的水體環(huán)境污染風(fēng)險,該文通過田間定位試驗,采取工程措施,監(jiān)測并分析了稻田主要生育期消解沼液過程中田面水及不同深度下滲水總氮、銨態(tài)氮和硝態(tài)氮質(zhì)量濃度變化情況。結(jié)果表明:1)稻田消解沼液的關(guān)鍵時期是施灌后的前3 d,總氮降解幅度達46.67%~78.36%,銨態(tài)氮降解幅度達47.52%~85.27%,且穗肥期消解速率大于基蘗期。施灌后3 d內(nèi)若產(chǎn)生徑流造成周邊水體富營養(yǎng)化的環(huán)境風(fēng)險較大,可采取封閉大田排水口或增加小區(qū)田埂高度5~10 cm等田間工程措施,控制地表徑流產(chǎn)生量和產(chǎn)生時間,確保安全消解,實現(xiàn)農(nóng)業(yè)面源污染源頭減量減排。2)沼液消解量在200%BS處理(沼液氮量為常規(guī)施肥氮量的2倍,即沼液量705.88 t/hm2)以上,基蘗期和zB肥期對周邊水體潛在的污染風(fēng)險均高于常規(guī)施肥處理,100%BS處理(沼液氮量為常規(guī)施肥氮量的1倍,即沼液量352.94 t/hm2)與常規(guī)施肥處理相比潛在的環(huán)境污染風(fēng)險稍低。因此,稻田工程措施消解沼液應(yīng)采取少量多次的消解方式。3)稻田工程措施消解沼液對下滲水的污染風(fēng)險主要集中在基蘗期,以銨態(tài)氮污染風(fēng)險為主,硝態(tài)氮污染風(fēng)險較小,污染程度因下滲水深度不同而有所差異。研究表明基蘗期稻田每次沼液消解量應(yīng)控制在211.76 t/hm2以內(nèi),穗肥期稻田消解沼液能力較強,污染風(fēng)險較小,單次消解量低于423.53 t/hm2在該試驗的一個稻米生長周期內(nèi)可視為安全的。該研究結(jié)果可為稻田沼液安全消解技術(shù)及農(nóng)業(yè)面源污染源頭減量減排技術(shù)提供理論支撐。
[Abstract]:In order to study the capacity of digesting biogas liquid in paddy field and the potential water environment pollution risk in the process of digesting biogas liquid, this paper takes engineering measures through field location test.The changes of total nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen and nitrate concentration in surface water and water at different depths during the digestion of biogas liquid in the main growth stages of rice field were monitored and analyzed.The results showed that the key stage of digesting biogas liquid in rice field was the first 3 days after irrigation, the degradation range of total nitrogen was 46.67 and 78.36, the degradation range of ammonium nitrogen was 47.52 and 85.27, and the rate of digestibility in panicle and fertilizer stage was higher than that in tillering stage.If the environmental risk of eutrophication caused by runoff within 3 days after irrigation is great, the field engineering measures such as closing the drainage outlet of the field or increasing the height of the ridge of the plot by 5 ~ 10 cm can be taken to control the amount and time of the surface runoff.In order to ensure safe digestion, the amount of biogas liquid digested by 200%BS is more than 2 times that of conventional fertilization, that is, the amount of biogas liquid is 705.88 t / hm ~ (2), that is, the amount of biogas liquid is 705.88 t / hm ~ (2) when the amount of biogas liquid is 705.88 t / hm ~ (2).The potential pollution risk of basal tillering stage and ZB fertilizer stage to the surrounding water body was higher than that of the conventional fertilization treatment of 100BS (the amount of biogas liquid nitrogen was twice as much as that of the conventional fertilization nitrogen, that is, the amount of biogas liquid was 352.94 t / hm ~ 2) and the potential environmental pollution risk was slightly lower than that of the conventional fertilization treatment.Therefore, a small amount of digesting biogas liquid should be adopted in paddy field engineering measures. 3) the pollution risk of digesting biogas liquid to the next seeping water is mainly concentrated in the tillering period, the main risk is ammonium nitrogen pollution risk, and the nitrate nitrogen pollution risk is relatively small.The degree of pollution varies with the depth of water seepage.The results showed that the digestibility of biogas liquid should be controlled within 211.76 t/hm2, the capacity of digesting biogas liquid in rice field at panicle and fertilizer stage was stronger and the risk of pollution was small. The amount of digestibility less than 423.53 t/hm2 could be regarded as safe in one rice growth cycle of this experiment.The results of this study can provide theoretical support for the technology of safe digestibility of biogas liquid from paddy field and the technology of reducing emission from agricultural non-point source pollution source.
【作者單位】： 江蘇省農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院農(nóng)業(yè)資源與環(huán)境研究所江蘇省農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院循環(huán)農(nóng)業(yè)研究中心;江蘇省農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境監(jiān)測與保護站;
【基金】：國家科技支撐計劃項目(2012BAD14B12) 國家水體污染控制與治理科技重大專項(2012ZX07101004) 江蘇省農(nóng)業(yè)科技自主創(chuàng)新資金項目(CX(14)2106) 江蘇省農(nóng)業(yè)三新工程項目(SXGC[2015]291)
【分類號】：X82;S511

【共引文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 單勝道;王志榮;宋成芳;;沼液珍珠養(yǎng)殖高值資源化利用[J];安徽農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué);2012年27期

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3 范e，

本文編號：1731007