本文選題：船舶垃圾　切入點(diǎn)：超細(xì)煤粉　出處：《集美大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：闡述船舶垃圾焚燒機(jī)理、焚燒主要影響因素,介紹燃燒特性和反應(yīng)動(dòng)力學(xué)的分析方法與理論,對(duì)船舶垃圾各主要可燃組分,如廚余、廢紙、竹木、織物、橡膠、塑料、污泥等,進(jìn)行工業(yè)分析、元素分析、熱值檢測(cè)、熱分析等,精細(xì)化研究船舶垃圾的焚燒熱動(dòng)力學(xué)性能。結(jié)果表明:不同種類船舶垃圾,燃燒特性差異大,失重階段主要集中在250℃~600℃,船舶垃圾各可燃組分的表觀活化能大多小于100 k J·mol-1,容易實(shí)現(xiàn)燃燒反應(yīng),適合焚燒處理。船舶垃圾總體具有高水分、高揮發(fā)分、低熱值、低灰分的物性特點(diǎn),為助于降低垃圾干燥時(shí)間,保證垃圾穩(wěn)定著火燃燒,有必要為船舶垃圾輔以外部燃料焚燒。探索船舶垃圾輔以超細(xì)煤粉實(shí)現(xiàn)高效焚燒技術(shù),通過分析煤粉超細(xì)化對(duì)顆粒粒度分布、孔隙及比表面的影響,討論超細(xì)化前后煤粉的煤質(zhì)變化,研究超細(xì)前后煤粉的燃燒特性及反應(yīng)動(dòng)力學(xué)。結(jié)果表明:煤粉超細(xì)化后,煤粉粒度分布更均勻,孔隙容積和比表面積增大;隨著煤粉粒徑的減小,著火溫和燃盡溫度下降,且趨勢(shì)呈線性關(guān)系。煤粉超細(xì)化對(duì)改善福建無煙煤這類極難燃煤種的燃燒特性效果更為顯著,以典型的福建龍?zhí)读譄o煙煤為例,當(dāng)煤粉平均粒徑從53.488μm減小至13.716μm時(shí),其著火溫度從673.17℃降低到658.07℃,燃盡溫度從802.05℃到773.7℃,表觀活化能從191.39 k J·mol-1減小到177.28k J·mol-1,綜合燃燒特性指數(shù)從4.919×10-8增大到5.705×10-8。探索船舶垃圾輔以混煤粉實(shí)現(xiàn)高效焚燒技術(shù),以神木煤粉和不同煤粉粒徑的福建無煙煤粉為對(duì)象,研究不同混燒比例下的混煤燃燒特性及反應(yīng)動(dòng)力學(xué)。結(jié)果表明:混煤燃燒特性相較于各組分煤發(fā)生了明顯變化,混煤中高反應(yīng)性煤的存在可以明顯整體改善難燃煤的著火和燃燒情況。當(dāng)難燃的福建無煙煤混入易燃的神木煤,揮發(fā)分初析溫度降低了約260℃,著火溫度下降了約240℃,燃盡溫度降低了約40℃,綜合燃燒特性指數(shù)上升一個(gè)數(shù)量級(jí),表觀活化能也顯著降低。而且,難燃煤種福建無煙煤的粒徑越小,對(duì)混煤燃燒特性改善的影響貢獻(xiàn)越大。綜合考慮難燃煤的著火燃燒改善效果、高反應(yīng)性煤的燃料成本節(jié)約,選擇難燃煤與優(yōu)質(zhì)煤以3:7比例組成的混煤為佳。采用ANSYS CFX數(shù)值模擬了船用垃圾焚燒爐以煤粉助燃時(shí)的溫度場(chǎng)、輻射強(qiáng)度場(chǎng)、濃度場(chǎng)等。模擬發(fā)現(xiàn):當(dāng)船用焚燒爐用煤粉助燃,其爐膛內(nèi)部主氣相區(qū)溫度幾乎都在1000K~1400 K高溫之間,爐內(nèi)輻射強(qiáng)度也處于較高水平,有利于船舶垃圾中可燃成分的充分燃燒,提高船舶垃圾的焚燒效率,且能夠有效預(yù)防二惡英類污染物的生成。
[Abstract]:This paper describes the mechanism of MSW incineration, the main influencing factors of MSW incineration, the analysis methods and theories of combustion characteristics and reaction kinetics, and the main combustible components of MSW, such as kitchen waste, waste paper, bamboo, wood, fabric, rubber, plastics, sludge, etc.Industrial analysis, elemental analysis, calorific value detection, thermal analysis and so on are carried out to study the thermal dynamic properties of ship refuse incineration.Marine garbage has the characteristics of high moisture content, high volatile content, low calorific value and low ash content. In order to reduce the drying time of garbage and ensure the steady combustion of garbage, it is necessary to incinerate marine garbage with external fuel.The combustion characteristics and reaction kinetics of pulverized coal before and after superfine were studied.The results show that the particle size distribution is more uniform, the pore volume and specific surface area increase, and the ignition temperature decreases with the decrease of pulverized coal particle size, and the trend is linear.The effect of pulverized coal superfine on improving the combustion characteristics of Fujian anthracite is more remarkable. Taking typical anthracite from Longtan Forest, Fujian Province as an example, when the average particle size of pulverized coal decreases from 53.488 渭 m to 13.716 渭 m, the ignition temperature decreases from 673.17 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1726908