本文選題：CIBR　切入點(diǎn)：活性污泥　出處：《華中科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：連續(xù)流一體化生物反應(yīng)器(Continued-flow Integrated Biological Reactor,CIBR)是國(guó)家十五資助項(xiàng)目《城市污水生物/生態(tài)處理技術(shù)與示范》的研究成果,能夠同時(shí)實(shí)現(xiàn)脫氮除磷的效果,其中脫氮作用主要通過(guò)活性污泥的硝化和反硝化作用獲得,而活性污泥作為一種絮狀結(jié)構(gòu)物質(zhì),除了進(jìn)行硝化反硝化反應(yīng)除氮外,同時(shí)也能夠通過(guò)生物吸附作用去除廢水中的氨氮,這部分氨氮對(duì)于反應(yīng)系統(tǒng)中總氮的物料平衡核算不可忽視,而對(duì)于污水處理系統(tǒng)中活性污泥吸附氨氮的性能和機(jī)理以及氮平衡分析的研究卻很少見(jiàn)。本文以CIBR反應(yīng)系統(tǒng)馴化培養(yǎng)的活性污泥為研究對(duì)象,通過(guò)動(dòng)態(tài)和靜態(tài)實(shí)驗(yàn)研究不同階段(好氧和缺氧)污泥的吸附性能,同時(shí)考察各種因素(p H、初始氨氮濃度、污泥濃度、溫度和鹽度)對(duì)吸附的影響,并通過(guò)動(dòng)力學(xué)和等溫模型進(jìn)行擬合探究活性污泥吸附氨氮的機(jī)理,同時(shí)進(jìn)行了解吸實(shí)驗(yàn)確定氨氮在活性污泥上的最終吸附率,最后通過(guò)對(duì)CIBR反應(yīng)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行物料平衡核算,來(lái)確定各種氮損失途徑占進(jìn)水中總氮的比例,為反應(yīng)系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)和運(yùn)行提供一定的數(shù)據(jù)支撐。主要研究結(jié)果如下:(1)CIBR的動(dòng)態(tài)研究結(jié)果顯示,好氧和缺氧階段的污泥對(duì)廢水中氨氮(NH4+-N)均存在一定的吸附作用,不同階段吸附作用有差別;而對(duì)于廢水中的硝氮(NOX-N),吸附作用很不明顯,可忽略。(2)靜態(tài)實(shí)驗(yàn)的結(jié)果表明,初始氨氮濃度是好氧和缺氧污泥吸附氨氮的一個(gè)重要影響因素,污泥的吸附量隨著濃度的升高而增加,分別為0.21-1.70mg/g和0.21-1.14mg/g;當(dāng)初始氨氮濃度達(dá)到70mg/L時(shí),好氧污泥的吸附量要明顯高于缺氧污泥的;p H也影響著CIBR活性污泥對(duì)氨氮的吸附量,隨著p H從3升到8,吸附量逐漸升高,在p H為8時(shí)達(dá)到最大值,繼續(xù)增加p H時(shí)吸附量反而降低;污泥濃度也會(huì)造成吸附量發(fā)生變化,隨著濃度的升高(3000-7000mg/L),好氧和缺氧污泥對(duì)氨氮的吸附量大體上呈下降趨勢(shì);而常溫范圍內(nèi)(20-30℃),溫度對(duì)污泥吸附量影響較小,當(dāng)溫度升高到40℃時(shí),好氧和缺氧污泥對(duì)氨氮的吸附較難達(dá)到穩(wěn)定,且吸附量要小于常溫范圍;鹽(Na Cl)含量越高會(huì)造成污泥的吸附量減小,當(dāng)鹽(Na Cl)含量達(dá)到30g/L時(shí),好氧和缺氧污泥基本不產(chǎn)生吸附量。(3)動(dòng)力學(xué)和等溫模型的擬合結(jié)果可知,CIBR活性污泥對(duì)氨氮的吸附是一個(gè)二級(jí)動(dòng)力學(xué)過(guò)程,化學(xué)過(guò)程(離子交換、靜電引力)是主要的影響因素,而等溫線的擬合結(jié)果較接近,好氧污泥更符合Frendliuch模型,Langmuir則對(duì)缺氧污泥擬合效果更好;而解吸實(shí)驗(yàn)表明缺氧污泥更易解吸下來(lái),平均解吸率約為90%,而好氧污泥相對(duì)難解吸,平均解吸率僅為60%。(4)CIBR系統(tǒng)的物料平衡分析結(jié)果得出,活性污泥生物吸附作用占總氮去除率約為9.56%,在物料平衡核算中不容忽視,否則將造成較大誤差,而制約CIBR總氮去除率的主要因素則是系統(tǒng)的反硝化速率。
[Abstract]:Continuous flow integrated bioreactor Continued-flow Integrated Biological Reactorr (CIBR) is the research result of "Biological / Ecological treatment Technology and demonstration of Municipal sewage", which can simultaneously realize the effect of nitrogen and phosphorus removal.Denitrification was mainly obtained by nitrification and denitrification of activated sludge, and activated sludge, as a kind of flocculent structure substance, except nitrogen was removed by nitrification and denitrification.At the same time, the ammonia nitrogen in wastewater can be removed by biosorption. This part of ammonia nitrogen can not be ignored in the material balance accounting of total nitrogen in the reaction system.However, there are few studies on the performance and mechanism of activated sludge adsorption of ammonia nitrogen and nitrogen balance analysis in wastewater treatment system.In this paper, the activated sludge domesticated by CIBR reaction system was used as the research object. The adsorption properties of sludge at different stages (aerobic and anoxic) were studied by dynamic and static experiments. At the same time, various factors such as pH, initial ammonia nitrogen concentration and sludge concentration were investigated.The effect of temperature and salinity on the adsorption was studied by kinetic and isothermal model. The desorption experiment was carried out to determine the final adsorption rate of ammonia nitrogen on activated sludge.Finally, the material balance of CIBR reaction system is calculated to determine the proportion of nitrogen loss to the total nitrogen in the influent, which provides certain data support for the optimal design and operation of the reaction system.The main results are as follows: (1) the dynamic study of CIBR shows that the sludge at aerobic and anoxic stages has a certain adsorption effect on NH _ 4-N in wastewater, and the adsorption action is different in different stages.The results of static experiments show that the initial concentration of ammonia nitrogen is an important factor affecting the adsorption of ammonia nitrogen by aerobic and anoxic sludge.When the initial concentration of ammonia nitrogen reached 70mg/L, the adsorption capacity of aerobic sludge was significantly higher than that of anoxic sludge, which also affected the adsorption of ammonia nitrogen by CIBR activated sludge, and the adsorption capacity of aerobic sludge increased with the increase of concentration of 0.21-1.70mg/g and 0.21-1.14 mg / g, respectively, when the initial concentration of ammonia nitrogen reached 70mg/L, the adsorption capacity of aerobic sludge was significantly higher than that of anoxic sludge.With pH rising from 3 to 8, the adsorption capacity increased gradually, reached the maximum value at pH 8, and decreased with the increase of pH, and the sludge concentration also resulted in the change of adsorption capacity.With the increase of concentration of 3000-7000mg / L, the amount of ammonia nitrogen adsorbed by aerobic and anoxic sludge showed a decreasing trend in general, while in the normal temperature range of 20-30 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1709492