本文選題：模糊綜合評(píng)價(jià)　切入點(diǎn)：賦權(quán)　出處：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：水環(huán)境容量是對(duì)流域環(huán)境規(guī)劃、污染防治與環(huán)境管理的重要依據(jù),是協(xié)調(diào)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展與環(huán)境保護(hù)的重要指標(biāo)。水環(huán)境容量的大小與水體的水文條件、環(huán)境功能類別密切相關(guān),因此,水環(huán)境容量具有動(dòng)態(tài)的管理特征。同時(shí),水環(huán)境容量又具有資源價(jià)值特征。水環(huán)境容量及其容量分配的優(yōu)化是環(huán)境科學(xué)研究的重要內(nèi)容。本文以牡丹江段水體為研究對(duì)象,在充分結(jié)合水文特征條件的基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)環(huán)境容量的大小進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)研究,并據(jù)此提出了對(duì)流域污染源排污的控制方案。其研究結(jié)果可為流域環(huán)境規(guī)劃與污染物總量分配提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。針對(duì)水體剩余環(huán)境容量與研究水體水質(zhì)現(xiàn)狀密切相關(guān)的特點(diǎn),本文分別采用模糊綜合評(píng)價(jià)法并分別分析比較了超標(biāo)倍數(shù)法、層次分析法、熵值法、變異系數(shù)法4種不同的賦權(quán)方法,對(duì)研究水體水質(zhì)現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行了評(píng)價(jià)。研究結(jié)果表明采用層次分析法賦權(quán),可以得到較為理想的評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果。而不同算子算法的比較結(jié)果表明,采用相乘取大算子更能反應(yīng)實(shí)際水質(zhì)狀況。牡丹江段水質(zhì)目前處于Ⅲ-Ⅴ類狀態(tài)。本文采用二維段尾法對(duì)研究水體水環(huán)境容量進(jìn)行研究,研究結(jié)果表明:理想水環(huán)境容量從江濱大橋-柴河鐵路橋江段的化學(xué)需氧量為12243.8t/a,氨氮為218.5t/a;柴河鐵路橋-花臉溝江段的化學(xué)需氧量為114582t/a,氨氮為1497.48t/a。理想環(huán)境容量在一年不同的月份中呈現(xiàn)動(dòng)態(tài)變化,江濱大橋-柴河鐵路橋江段COD環(huán)境容量的變化范圍為158~3024.5t/month,氨氮為3.05~52.09t/month。柴河鐵路橋-花臉溝江段COD環(huán)境容量的變化范圍為1153.7~32730.1t/month,氨氮為20.76~370.05t/month。剩余水環(huán)境容量結(jié)果是江濱大橋-柴河鐵路橋江段的化學(xué)需氧量為10188.5t/a,氨氮為1725.06t/a;柴河鐵路橋-花臉溝江段的化學(xué)需氧量為113237t/a,氨氮為3368.52t/a。其剩余環(huán)境容量值在一年不同的月份中呈現(xiàn)動(dòng)態(tài)變化,江濱大橋-柴河鐵路橋江段COD環(huán)境容量的變化范圍為-1578.4t~3286.1t/month,氨氮從26.94~308.73t/month。柴河鐵路橋-花臉溝江段COD環(huán)境容量的變化范圍為-1438.3~32912.3t/month,氨氮從16.35~713.5t/month。通過構(gòu)建容量-總量分配指標(biāo)體系,對(duì)牡丹江段污染物總量控制分配提出了優(yōu)化方案。以環(huán)境容量為依據(jù),構(gòu)建出“污染源大類-污染源細(xì)類”的雙層分配體系,即建立了首層指標(biāo)包括養(yǎng)殖業(yè)、種植業(yè)、生活源、工業(yè)源四類污染源以及二層包括生活源和工業(yè)源的綜合分配指標(biāo)體系。研究結(jié)果表明:養(yǎng)殖業(yè)源、農(nóng)業(yè)源、生活源、工業(yè)源分別分得COD環(huán)境容量1425t/a,1156.1t/a,5796.2t/a,1810.2t/a,分別分得氨氮環(huán)境容量219.4t/a,292.2t/a,909.2t/a,304.2t/a。生活源二層分配中牡丹江污水處理廠、農(nóng)村生活、北安河分別分得氨氮環(huán)境容量452.4t/a,108.1t/a,276.7t/a;分別分得COD環(huán)境容量2720.3t/a,1665.5t/a,1410.4/a。工業(yè)源二層分配中分得氨氮環(huán)境容量最多的是恒豐紙業(yè),為129.1t/a,分得最少的是高信石油,分得氨氮3.6t/a;COD環(huán)境容量分得最多的是恒豐紙業(yè)為910.2t/a,富通汽車COD最少為26.3t/a。
[Abstract]:Water environmental capacity is an important basis for environmental planning, pollution control and environmental management, is an important indicator of economic development and environmental protection coordination. Hydrological conditions and water the size of water environmental capacity, environmental functional categories are closely related, therefore, the water environment capacity has the characteristics of dynamic management. At the same time, also has the capacity of water environment the resource value characteristics. Optimization of water environment capacity and capacity allocation is an important content in the study of environmental science. This paper takes Mudanjiang section of water as the research object, based on the full combination of hydrological characteristics on the condition of the environmental capacity of the size of the system were studied, and the control scheme of pollution sources of sewage. The study puts forward the results can provide scientific basis for the allocation of total amount of pollutants in watershed planning and environment. Based on the characteristics of water environmental capacity and water quality of the remaining closely related to the status quo, This paper uses fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method were analyzed and compared exceed the standard multiple method, AHP, entropy method, variation coefficient method 4 different weighting methods, the research status of water quality was evaluated. The results show that using AHP weighting, can get ideal results and the comparison of different evaluation. The algorithm shows that the multiplication of large operators can better reflect the actual water quality. Water quality in Mudanjiang section is currently in III-V state. Based on the study of water environmental capacity of two-dimensional section tail method, the results show that the chemical oxygen demand of the water environmental capacity from the ideal riverside bridge - Chai River railway bridge section for the 12243.8t/a, ammonia nitrogen is 218.5t/a; chemical oxygen demand Chai River Railway Bridge in Erhualian ditch is 114582t/a, ammonia nitrogen is 1497.48t/a. ideal environmental capacity in different months in a The dynamic range of riverside bridge - Chai River Railway Bridge of the environmental capacity of COD is 158~3024.5t/month, the variation range of ammonia nitrogen to 3.05~52.09t/month. Chai River Railway Bridge in Erhualian ditch the environmental capacity of COD is 1153.7~32730.1t/month, ammonia nitrogen is 20.76~370.05t/month. residual water environmental capacity is the result of chemical oxygen demand riverside bridge - Chai River Railway bridge in 10188.5t/a for 1725.06t/a, ammonia nitrogen and chemical oxygen demand; Chai River Railway Bridge in Erhualian ditch is 113237t/a, ammonia nitrogen is 3368.52t/a. and its remaining environmental capacity value showed dynamic changes in different months, the variation range of riverside bridge - Chai River Railway Bridge of the environmental capacity of COD is -1578.4t~3286.1t/month, the variation range of ammonia nitrogen from 26.94~308.73t/month. Chai River Railway Bridge of Erhualian ditch the environmental capacity of COD is -1438.3~32912.3t/month, ammonia nitrogen from 16.35~713.5t/month. Build capacity - the total allocation index system, optimize the allocation of total control of pollutants in Mudanjiang section is proposed. The environmental capacity as the basis, to build a "double distribution system of pollution source categories - pollution source fine", namely the establishment of the first level indicators including aquaculture, farming, living sources, industrial sources four the pollution source and the two layer including the source of life and industrial sources comprehensive allocation index system. The results show that: industry sources, agricultural sources, the source of life, industrial sources respectively share 1425t/a, COD 1156.1t/a 5796.2t/a, 1810.2t/a environmental capacity, respectively, share 219.4t/a, 292.2t/a 909.2t/a, the environmental capacity of ammonia nitrogen, 304.2t/a. two layer distribution in Mudanjiang source of life the sewage treatment plant, rural life, Bei'an River were assigned 452.4t/a, ammonia environmental capacity of 108.1t/a, 276.7t/a respectively; share of 2720.3t/a, the environmental capacity of COD 1665.5t/a, the two layer distribution industry source 1410.4/a. The most environmental capacity to get NH3-N is Hengfeng Paper Industry. For 129.1t/a, the smallest part is Gao Xin oil, which has 3.6t/a of ammonia nitrogen and the most environmental capacity of COD is Hengfeng Paper Industry, 910.2t/a and COD at least 26.3t/a..

【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X522;X26

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本文編號(hào)：1619622