本文選題：松針　切入點：磷去除　出處：《東北師范大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：松針是一種可再生資源,在落葉林區(qū)有著可觀的積累量,具有快速增殖的能力,并且一年四季可以采收。本實驗擬對松針進行除磷研究,經(jīng)過氫氧化鈉-異丙醇處理的松針幾乎不能實現(xiàn)對模擬溶液中的磷酸鹽的去除。因此,實驗中對經(jīng)過堿-醇處理的松針進行表面改性,發(fā)現(xiàn)經(jīng)過鑭氫氧化物改性后能夠明顯提升松針的磷酸鹽去除能力。在25℃時,發(fā)現(xiàn)被粉碎的松針(pine needle,PN)幾乎不能有效去除磷酸鹽,鑭氫氧化物處理松針(LPN)的最大吸附量為4.80 mg P/g,而APN的最大吸附量為0.98 mg P/g,探究了溶液pH、溫度、共存陰離子對磷去除效率的影響以及實驗過程的TOC值,分析了改性松針吸附去除磷的熱力學和動力學參數(shù)。實驗中發(fā)現(xiàn)pH值對磷的去除效率表現(xiàn)為低pH值(3)明顯促進吸附,pH值處于3-9.5之間對磷吸附去除效率影響不大,環(huán)境溫度的升高,LPN的磷酸鹽吸附容量增高,磷酸鹽去除效率升高。ΔH°的值為25.30 KJ/mol,說明LPN吸附去除磷酸鹽的反應(yīng)是吸熱反應(yīng),同時,ΔG°的值隨著環(huán)境溫度的升高而降低;準一、二級動力學和顆粒內(nèi)擴撒方程,Langmuir和Freundlich等溫方程能夠很好的擬合數(shù)據(jù)。顆粒內(nèi)擴散作用為主要控制步驟的單分子層吸附為主要吸附模式;共存離子實驗表明低濃度的干擾離子對磷酸鹽的吸附效果影響很小,實驗中僅僅只有碳酸根離子濃度50 mg/L,表現(xiàn)出了一定的抑制吸附作用;總有機碳(TOC)值表明堿醇處理和表面改性能夠明顯降低松針的有機物溶出,而且SEM分析表明堿醇處理使得松針結(jié)構(gòu)疏松多孔,能夠明顯增加松針的比表面積,使得更多鑭氫氧化物易于附著。本文簡要的說明了鳥糞石磷回收技術(shù)、電解法、結(jié)晶法、吸附/解吸法、生物炭回收、土壤系統(tǒng)回收技術(shù)等技術(shù),分析了生物質(zhì)材料改性和回用的可行性,闡述了磷回收的前景。
[Abstract]:Pine is a renewable resource, there is considerable accumulation in deciduous forest, has the capability of rapid proliferation, and can be harvested throughout the year. This paper studies on phosphorus removal needles by sodium hydroxide - isopropanol treatment of pine needles can hardly achieve removal of simulated solution of phosphate. Therefore, surface modification for after alkali ethanol treatment of pine needles in the experiment, found that after the modified lanthanum hydroxide can significantly enhance the phosphate removal ability. Pine needles at 25 DEG C, found crushed pine (pine needle PN) can hardly have effect on phosphate removal, lanthanum hydroxide treatment of pine needle (LPN) the maximum adsorption capacity of 4.80 mg P/g, and the maximum adsorption capacity of 0.98 APN mg P/g, explores the solution pH, temperature, influence of coexisting anions on the removal efficiency of phosphorus and the experimental value of TOC, analysis of the modified adsorbent to remove phosphorus hot needles The mechanical and dynamic parameters. It was found that the pH removal efficiency of phosphorus showed low pH value in the experiment (3) could promote the adsorption, pH value is between 3-9.5 the adsorption of phosphorus removal efficiency is not affected, the increase of environmental temperature, phosphate adsorption capacity of LPN increased, the phosphate removal efficiency increased. A H value of 25.30 degrees KJ/mol shows that phosphate removal LPN adsorption reaction is an endothermic reaction, at the same time, a G degree decreases with the increase of environmental temperature; quasi, two order kinetics and intra particle diffusion equation can fit the data well Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm. The intraparticle diffusion effect of single molecular layer as the main control the steps of adsorption was the main adsorption model; experiments show that the adsorption effect of coexisting ions effects of interfering ions in low concentration of phosphate is very small, the only carbonate ion concentration of 50 mg/L, showed a certain inhibition of adsorption Effect; total organic carbon (TOC) values indicate that the alkali alcohol treatment and surface modification can significantly reduce the organic pine dissolution, and SEM analysis showed that the alkali alcohol treatment makes the porous pine, pine needles can significantly increase the surface area, the more easily attached. Lanthanum hydroxide this paper briefly explains the struvite phosphorus recovery technology, electrolysis, crystallization, adsorption / desorption method, biological carbon recycling, recycling technology of soil system, analyzes the feasibility of reuse and modification of biomass materials, expounds the phosphorus recovery prospects.

【學位授予單位】：東北師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X52

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