本文選題：于橋水庫　切入點(diǎn)：非點(diǎn)源污染　出處：《河北工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：于橋水庫是天津市的重要水源地,近年來,其生態(tài)環(huán)境受到了很大的破壞。針對于橋水庫庫區(qū)生態(tài)環(huán)境質(zhì)量下降,水體富營養(yǎng)化加劇的趨勢,天津市開展了于橋水庫周邊水污染源治理工程,后又編制《于橋水庫生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù)方案》對改善于橋水庫生態(tài)環(huán)境,治理流域內(nèi)污染源,保障飲用水源安全等工作進(jìn)行規(guī)劃。本研究調(diào)查分析了于橋水庫流域水污染源分布概況以及水環(huán)境現(xiàn)狀,結(jié)合研究區(qū)實(shí)際情況,應(yīng)用避免過多考慮復(fù)雜的污染產(chǎn)生和遷移機(jī)理過程,所需參數(shù)較少,操作較簡便,且又具有一定的精度,適用于中大尺度區(qū)域長期年均污染負(fù)荷估算與預(yù)測的輸出系數(shù)模型對庫區(qū)非點(diǎn)源污染負(fù)荷和入庫污染負(fù)荷以TN和TP為計(jì)算指標(biāo)進(jìn)行了估算。結(jié)果表明,2012年,研究區(qū)非點(diǎn)源污染負(fù)荷總量為TN1137.70t,TP為278.57t,非點(diǎn)源污染入庫總量TN為327.47t,TP為50.74t;考慮上引灤輸水和支流匯水帶來的污染負(fù)荷,于橋水庫入庫污染負(fù)荷TN達(dá)到2790.47t,TP達(dá)到315.74t。由于于橋水庫上游來水污染負(fù)荷與當(dāng)?shù)貧夂蚣敖邓纫蛩叵嚓P(guān),具有極大的不確定性,本文應(yīng)用灰色預(yù)測模型對于橋水庫TN、TP的入庫量進(jìn)行了預(yù)測,結(jié)果顯示,2015年,TN入庫量將達(dá)到3213.11t,TP入庫量將達(dá)到316.98t。對于橋水庫生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù)方案進(jìn)行分析,主要包括流域社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)調(diào)控方案、流域水土資源調(diào)控方案、流域污染防治工程方案、流域生態(tài)保護(hù)工程方案及生態(tài)環(huán)境監(jiān)管和綜合管理方案。對方案制定的治理工程進(jìn)行環(huán)境效益評估,包括主要污染物減排項(xiàng)目、生態(tài)修復(fù)項(xiàng)目、能力建設(shè)項(xiàng)目、產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整項(xiàng)目和其他項(xiàng)目等五大類31項(xiàng)重點(diǎn)工程。結(jié)果表明,各項(xiàng)主要工程項(xiàng)目發(fā)揮效益后,年去除污染物TN、TP入庫量將分別達(dá)到1390.92t、91.6t。通過與使用湖泊外力函數(shù)得出的水質(zhì)目標(biāo)下的TN、TP應(yīng)削減量1336.70t、90.53t進(jìn)行比對可知,到2015年,在各項(xiàng)工程按時(shí)完成并運(yùn)行良好、上游來水達(dá)到地表水Ⅲ類標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的情況下,于橋水庫的TN、TP年入庫量將達(dá)到允許入庫的標(biāo)準(zhǔn),可以滿足水質(zhì)目標(biāo)要求下的氮磷削減目標(biāo),保證方案的整體效果。根據(jù)以上的研究,對制定的環(huán)保方案的環(huán)境效益進(jìn)行了估算,預(yù)評方案的實(shí)施效果,并總結(jié)提出于橋水庫庫區(qū)周邊水污染源治理及生態(tài)修復(fù)的后續(xù)政策建議。
[Abstract]:Yuqiao Reservoir is an important water source in Tianjin. In recent years, its ecological environment has been greatly damaged. Tianjin has carried out the water pollution source treatment project around Yuqiao Reservoir, and then worked out the "Yuqiao Reservoir Ecological Environment Protection Program" to improve the ecological environment of Yuqiao Reservoir and to control the pollution sources in the basin. This study investigated and analyzed the distribution of water pollution sources and the present situation of water environment in Yuqiao Reservoir Basin, combined with the actual situation of the study area. The application avoids excessive consideration of complex pollution generation and transport mechanism, which requires less parameters, is easy to operate, and has a certain accuracy. The output coefficient model, which is suitable for estimating and forecasting the long-term annual pollution load in the middle and large scale area, is used to estimate the non-point source pollution load and the incoming pollution load in the reservoir area. TN and TP are taken as the calculation indexes. The results show that in 2012, The total amount of non-point source pollution load is 278.57 t, the total TN of non-point source pollution input is 327.47 t / t TP is 50.74 t, considering the pollution load caused by upper water diversion and tributary catchment water, the total amount of pollution load is 278.57 t, and the total TN of non-point source pollution input is 327.47 t / t TP is 50.74 t. The pollution load TN of Yuqiao Reservoir reaches 2790.47 t / t TP to 315.74 t. Because the water pollution load from upstream of Yuqiao Reservoir is related to local climate and precipitation, it has great uncertainty. In this paper, the grey prediction model is used to predict the input amount of TNT TP in Yuqiao Reservoir. The results show that in 2015, the input amount of TN will reach 3213.11 t ~ (-1) TP and reach 316.98 t. The ecological environment protection scheme of Yuqiao Reservoir is analyzed. Mainly including river basin social and economic control program, watershed water and soil resources control program, watershed pollution prevention and control project, Project of ecological protection of watershed and plan of ecological environment supervision and integrated management. Environmental benefit assessment of the project is carried out, including major pollutant emission reduction projects, ecological restoration projects, and capacity-building projects. There are 31 key projects in five categories, including industrial restructuring projects and other projects. The results show that after the major projects have brought benefits into full play, The annual removal amount of TNN TP will reach 1390.92 t ~ 91.6 t, respectively. By comparing with the water quality target of using the external force function of lakes, the amount of TNN TP should be reduced by 1336.70 t / 90.53 t. By 2015, all the projects will be completed on time and run well. If the upstream water reaches the Class 鈪，

本文編號：1594189