本文選題：連續(xù)流動分析儀　切入點(diǎn)：氰化物　出處：《遼寧師范大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：水質(zhì)監(jiān)測是疾病預(yù)防控制機(jī)構(gòu)的基本職責(zé)和工作任務(wù)之一,市級疾控中心每年承擔(dān)上千份生活飲用水和游泳池水的檢測工作。在實際工作中發(fā)現(xiàn),生活飲用水中氰化物、揮發(fā)酚、陰離子洗滌劑以及游泳池水中尿素的現(xiàn)行國標(biāo)方法均采用傳統(tǒng)手工操作。這些方法存在前處理繁瑣、檢測效率低、分析周期長、試劑毒性強(qiáng)等缺點(diǎn),無法滿足批量樣品檢測的需求。發(fā)生突發(fā)事件時,不能快速提供檢測結(jié)果,影響工作的順利完成。因此在實際工作中建立生活飲用水中氰化物、揮發(fā)酚、陰離子洗滌劑和游泳池水中尿素的簡便、高效的測定方法非常必要。本文采用連續(xù)流動分析儀測定生活飲用水中氰化物、揮發(fā)酚、陰離子洗滌劑和游泳池水中尿素,并進(jìn)行方法優(yōu)化,結(jié)果如下:1.優(yōu)化了連續(xù)流動分析儀同時測定生活飲用水中氰化物、揮發(fā)酚和陰離子洗滌劑的方法,對方法性能進(jìn)行評價并應(yīng)用于實際樣品檢測。在最佳實驗條件下,氰化物、揮發(fā)酚和陰離子洗滌劑分別在0-0.20 mg/L、0-0.020 mg/L和0-1.0 mg/L濃度范圍內(nèi)呈良好線性關(guān)系,檢出限分別為0.004 mg/L、0.0004 mg/L和0.0094mg/L。該方法樣品使用量僅為傳統(tǒng)方法的1%;最低檢測質(zhì)量低于傳統(tǒng)方法約250倍;試劑使用量在傳統(tǒng)方法的基礎(chǔ)上減少80%;強(qiáng)致癌試劑氯仿的使用量大幅減少;且化學(xué)反應(yīng)過程處于封閉系統(tǒng)中,減少對外界環(huán)境的污染,高度保障了實驗人員的人身安全;完成單一樣品的時間由原來的幾十分鐘縮減至幾分鐘,對于大批量樣品檢測的優(yōu)勢更加明顯。2.優(yōu)化了連續(xù)流動分析儀測定游泳池水中尿素的方法,對方法性能進(jìn)行評價并將其應(yīng)用于游泳池水的檢測。在最佳實驗條件下,尿素在0-1.50 mg/L濃度范圍內(nèi)呈現(xiàn)二次方程關(guān)系,相關(guān)系數(shù)r為0.9992,檢出限為17.8μg/L。該方法樣品使用量為傳統(tǒng)方法的20%;最低檢測質(zhì)量低于傳統(tǒng)方法的10倍;試劑使用量在傳統(tǒng)方法的基礎(chǔ)上減少60%;完成單一樣品的時間由原來的幾十分鐘縮減至幾分鐘;在線處理集成化、自動化,省去了水浴加熱等繁瑣的操作步驟,且實驗過程處于封閉系統(tǒng)中,減少對外界環(huán)境的污染,分析速率高,尤其適于應(yīng)對季節(jié)性大批量樣品的監(jiān)測。綜上所述,本論文優(yōu)化了連續(xù)流動分析儀同時測定生活飲用水中氰化物、揮發(fā)酚和陰離子洗滌劑及游泳池水中尿素的方法,并對方法性能進(jìn)行評價。為公眾生活飲用水及游泳池水安全提供有力保障,同時,方法的推廣為水質(zhì)檢測提供了新的途徑,并可將連續(xù)流動分析技術(shù)拓展至其他檢測項目及更多領(lǐng)域。
[Abstract]:Monitoring of water quality is the basic duty and work of the disease prevention and control organization Ren Wuzhi. The municipal CDC undertakes the detection of thousands of drinking water and swimming pool water every year. In practical work, cyanide is found in drinking water. The existing national standard methods of volatile phenol, anionic detergents and urea in swimming pool water are all operated by traditional manual operation. These methods have the disadvantages of complicated pretreatment, low detection efficiency, long analytical period, strong toxicity of reagent, etc. Can not meet the needs of batch sample detection. In the event of an emergency, can not quickly provide the test results, affect the smooth completion of the work. Therefore, in the actual work in the establishment of domestic drinking water cyanide, volatile phenols, A simple and efficient method for the determination of urea in swimming pool water and anionic detergents is necessary. In this paper, cyanide, volatile phenol, anionic detergents and urea in swimming pool water are determined by continuous flow analyzer. The results are as follows: 1. The method of simultaneous determination of cyanide, volatile phenol and anionic detergent in drinking water by continuous flow analyzer has been optimized. The performance of the method was evaluated and applied to practical sample detection. Under the optimum experimental conditions, cyanide, volatile phenol and anionic detergents showed a good linear relationship in the concentration range of 0-0.20 mg / L ~ (-1) -0.020 mg/L and 0 ~ 1.0 mg/L, respectively, in the range of 0-0.20 mg / L ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1). The detection limit is 0.004 mg / L 0.0004 mg/L and 0.0094 mg / L respectively. The sample usage of this method is only 1% of that of the traditional method, the lowest detection quality is about 250 times lower than that of the traditional method, the use of reagent is reduced by 80% on the basis of the traditional method, and the use of chloroform, a strong carcinogen, is greatly reduced. In addition, the chemical reaction process is in a closed system, which reduces the pollution to the outside environment and highly ensures the personal safety of the experimenter. The time to complete a single sample is reduced from the original dozens of minutes to a few minutes. 2. The method of continuous flow analyzer for determination of urea in swimming pool water is optimized, and the performance of the method is evaluated and applied to the detection of swimming pool water. Urea showed quadratic equation in the range of 0-1.50 mg/L concentration, the correlation coefficient was 0.9992, the detection limit was 17.8 渭 g / L. The sample usage of this method was 20 times of that of the traditional method, and the lowest detection quality was 10 times lower than that of the traditional method. The amount of reagent used is reduced by 60 percent on the basis of the traditional method; the time of completing a single sample is reduced from the original dozens of minutes to a few minutes; the on-line processing is integrated and automated, thus eliminating the tedious operation steps such as water bath heating, etc. The experimental process is in a closed system, which reduces the pollution to the environment, and the analysis rate is high, which is especially suitable for the monitoring of seasonal mass samples. In this paper, the method of simultaneous determination of cyanide, volatile phenol and anionic detergent in drinking water by continuous flow analyzer and urea in swimming pool water was optimized. Evaluation of the performance of the method provides a strong guarantee for the safety of drinking water and swimming pool water in public life. At the same time, the popularization of the method provides a new way for the detection of water quality. And the continuous flow analysis technology can be extended to other detection items and more fields.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：O657;X832

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