本文選題：丙烯酸系陰離子交換樹脂　切入點(diǎn)：烷基化　出處：《東南大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著城鎮(zhèn)污水處理廠污染物排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的全面提標(biāo),污水廠對總氮的排放開始受到嚴(yán)格控制。受傳統(tǒng)生物法脫氮效率的限制,很多污水處理廠總氮排放難以達(dá)標(biāo),而硝態(tài)氮濃度偏高是其主要原因。硝酸鹽對人體具有致癌、致畸、致突變性,水體環(huán)境中過量的硝酸鹽會導(dǎo)致水體富營養(yǎng)化。離子交換法因其工藝簡單,效果穩(wěn)定,可重復(fù)使用等特點(diǎn),被視為對硝酸根離子污染水最有效的處理方法之一。相比于目前常用的聚苯乙烯系陰離子交換樹脂,丙烯酸系離子交換樹脂抗有機(jī)污染能力更強(qiáng),更適用于地表水環(huán)境中。為尋求吸附容量大、選擇性好、再生效率高、抗有機(jī)污染能力強(qiáng)的離子交換樹脂,本文通過對丙烯酸系弱堿性陰離子交換樹脂D311進(jìn)行烷基化反應(yīng)制備兩種強(qiáng)堿性陰離子交換樹脂D31]-C2及D311-C3,并以丙烯酸系強(qiáng)堿性陰離子交換樹脂D213和聚苯乙烯系硝酸鹽專用樹脂Purolite A 520E作對比,研究了樹脂對N03-的吸附-脫附性能,并研究了其抗有機(jī)污染能力,主要內(nèi)容如下：(1)樹脂制備：將溴乙烷及溴代正丙烷與弱堿性陰離子交換樹脂D311進(jìn)行烷基化反應(yīng),制備樹脂D311-C2及D311-C3,測定了其交換容量,研究表明強(qiáng)堿交換容量均達(dá)到3.4mmol/g以上,強(qiáng)堿交換容量明顯提高。(2)樹脂的吸附性能：研究了D311、D311-C2、D311-C3及D213四種樹脂的吸附性能,結(jié)果表明：四種樹脂對N03-的吸附等溫線均符合Langmuir模型,25℃條件下D311、D311-C2、D311-C3及D213四種樹脂飽和吸附量分別為：17.24、40.82、40.32、41.15mg/g；樹脂的吸附動力學(xué)曲線可用準(zhǔn)二級動力學(xué)方程描述；樹脂對N03-的吸附是自發(fā)進(jìn)行的放熱過程；溶液pH值的變化對強(qiáng)堿性陰離子交換樹脂D311-C2、D311-C3及D213吸附容量的影響很��；在氯離子及硫酸根離子存在條件下,D311-C3的選擇性最好；0.8M的氯化鈉溶液為樹脂的最佳脫附劑,脫附率達(dá)到95%以上。(3)樹脂抗有機(jī)污染能力：研究了D311-C2、D311-C3、D213及Purolite A 520E四種樹脂的抗有機(jī)污染性能,結(jié)果表明：丙烯酸系陰離子交換樹脂再生效率高,抗有機(jī)污染能力明顯強(qiáng)于聚苯乙烯系交換樹脂。樹脂應(yīng)用研究表明：D311-C2及D311-C3均可以很好的應(yīng)用于污水廠二級出水硝態(tài)氮的深度處理,具有較好的應(yīng)用前景。
[Abstract]:With the comprehensive standard of pollutant discharge in urban sewage treatment plant, the discharge of total nitrogen in sewage treatment plant is strictly controlled. Due to the limitation of traditional biological nitrogen removal efficiency, many sewage treatment plants have difficulty in meeting the standard of total nitrogen discharge. The high concentration of nitrate is the main reason. Nitrate is carcinogenic, teratogenic, mutagenicity, excessive nitrate in the water environment will lead to eutrophication. It is regarded as one of the most effective treatment methods for nitrate ion polluted water. Compared with the common polystyrene anion exchange resin, acrylic ion exchange resin has stronger resistance to organic pollution. It is more suitable for surface water environment. In order to seek ion exchange resin with large adsorption capacity, good selectivity, high regeneration efficiency and strong resistance to organic pollution, In this paper, two strong basic anion exchange resins D31] -C2 and D311-C3 were prepared by alkylation of acrylic weak basic anion exchange resin D311. The special resin Purolite A520E was compared, The adsorption-desorption property of N03- was studied, and its ability to resist organic pollution was studied. The main contents were as follows: the alkylation of bromoethane and bromo-n-propane with weak basic anion exchange resin D311 was studied. Resin D311-C2 and D311-C3 were prepared. The exchange capacity of D311-C2 and D311-C3 was determined. The results showed that the exchange capacity of strong alkali was over 3.4 mmol / g, and the adsorption capacity of D311C _ 311-C _ 2C _ 311-C _ 311-C _ 3 and D _ 213 were studied. The results show that the adsorption isotherms of four resins for N03- are in accordance with the Langmuir model at 25 鈩，

本文編號：1573137