本文選題：聚偏氟乙烯　切入點(diǎn)：相轉(zhuǎn)化法制膜　出處：《蘇州科技學(xué)院》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：膜分離技術(shù)以其分離效果好、能耗低、適用性強(qiáng)、易于放大等優(yōu)點(diǎn)在水資源短缺、水污染嚴(yán)重的形勢(shì)下得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用。但膜滲透通量低、抗污染性能差的特性常常成為制約膜技術(shù)進(jìn)一步推廣應(yīng)用的瓶頸。因此,制備高通量、強(qiáng)抗污染的膜材料或膜產(chǎn)品已成為膜分離技術(shù)領(lǐng)域的重要科學(xué)問(wèn)題之一。本課題以高分子聚合物聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)與一種添加劑AP為原料,通過(guò)共混和溶液相轉(zhuǎn)化法為手段,以制備一種具有高水通量、有較好抗污染性能及機(jī)械強(qiáng)度的平板膜產(chǎn)品并評(píng)估其性能。研究將從膜的后處理方法、鑄膜液體系、添加劑體系和凝固浴體系四個(gè)方面著手,考察制膜過(guò)程中各影響因素對(duì)膜的表面性能,機(jī)械強(qiáng)度和水通量的影響,并分析了各種因素影響膜結(jié)構(gòu)和性能的機(jī)制。研究結(jié)果表明,膜的各種制備因素對(duì)膜產(chǎn)品的性能有著極大和復(fù)雜的影響。通過(guò)制備條件的優(yōu)化,膜的機(jī)械強(qiáng)度和水通量可得到很大的提高,抗污染性能得到改善。并且,我們?cè)趦?yōu)化的制膜條件下制備了中空纖維膜,對(duì)其性能及應(yīng)用于配制含油廢水的處理的效果進(jìn)行了考察。結(jié)果表明,與傳統(tǒng)的親水膜相比較,本研究制備的新型膜有更好的親水性和疏油性,更大的水通量,同時(shí)具有良好的耐酸堿腐蝕性能。處理含油廢水時(shí)初始通量基本達(dá)到傳統(tǒng)親水膜的3倍,通量衰減率小(僅為傳統(tǒng)親水膜的2/3)。在連續(xù)過(guò)濾90 min再對(duì)膜組件進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單的物理清洗的試驗(yàn)中,膜的通量基本可恢復(fù)到其初始值,對(duì)油分的截留率達(dá)到98%以上。當(dāng)進(jìn)水中油含量為310-340 mg/L時(shí),出水中油分含量低于10 mg/L,符合含油廢水處理一級(jí)排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn),出水可直接排放或回用。
[Abstract]:Membrane separation technology has been widely used in the situation of water shortage and serious water pollution due to its advantages of good separation effect, low energy consumption, strong applicability and easy amplification. The poor anti-fouling property often becomes the bottleneck restricting the further application of membrane technology. Therefore, the preparation of high throughput, Membrane materials or membrane products with strong resistance to pollution have become one of the most important scientific problems in the field of membrane separation technology. In this paper, the polymer polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and an additive AP were used as raw materials, and the method of phase inversion by blending solution was used. In order to prepare a flat membrane product with high water flux, good antifouling property and mechanical strength, and evaluate its performance, the research will be carried out from four aspects: membrane reprocessing method, casting membrane liquid system, additive system and solidification bath system. The effects of various factors on the surface properties, mechanical strength and water flux of the membrane were investigated, and the mechanism of the influence of various factors on the structure and properties of the membrane was analyzed. By optimizing the preparation conditions, the mechanical strength and water flux of the membrane can be greatly improved, and the anti-fouling performance can be improved. The hollow fiber membrane was prepared under the optimized conditions of membrane preparation. The properties of hollow fiber membrane and its application in the treatment of oily wastewater were investigated. The results showed that the membrane was compared with the traditional hydrophilic membrane. The new membrane prepared in this paper has better hydrophilicity, hydrophobicity, larger water flux, and good corrosion resistance to acid and alkali. The initial flux of the membrane is 3 times that of the traditional hydrophilic membrane in the treatment of oily wastewater. The flux attenuation rate is small (only 2 / 3 of the traditional hydrophilic membrane). In the experiment of continuous filtration for 90 min and simple physical cleaning of the membrane module, the flux of the membrane can be basically restored to its initial value. When the oil content in the influent is 310-340 mg/L, the oil content in the effluent is less than 10 mg / L, which meets the primary discharge standard for oily wastewater treatment, and the effluent can be discharged or reused directly.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘇州科技學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X703

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1 李焱;親水疏油功能膜的制備工藝優(yōu)化及應(yīng)用研究[D];蘇州科技學(xué)院;2015年

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本文編號(hào)：1568399