本文關(guān)鍵詞： 吸附 離子液體 硅膠 2 4-二硝基酚　出處：《河南師范大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：酚類化合物常見于一些工業(yè)排放的污水中,如金屬鑄造和造紙業(yè)等。這類化合物常具有毒性,低濃度即危害生物體,具有致癌和免疫抑制的作用,許多酚類化合物被列為危險(xiǎn)污染物。因此,有效去除水體中酚類化合物是環(huán)境保護(hù)的必要工作。目前已有多種方法被用于此項(xiàng)研究,其中吸附法的成本低、方法簡便且易于操作,是去除酚類化合物的有效方法。在此論文中,我們合成了兩大類共六種咪唑類離子液體功能化硅膠,并作為吸附劑用于從水體中去除酚類化合物,系統(tǒng)研究了它們對(duì)2,4-二硝基酚的的吸附性能。本論文由五個(gè)章節(jié)組成。第一章,總結(jié)了酚類污染物的危害、離子液體的特性和分類及固定化離子液體的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。綜述了固定化離子液體在一些領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用及取得的成果,包括催化反應(yīng)、表面改性、分離技術(shù)(包括固相萃取、液相色譜、氣相色譜、毛細(xì)管電泳色譜和氣體捕集)和電化學(xué)領(lǐng)域。第二章,使用共價(jià)鍵合的方法,將一系列咪唑類離子液體分別修飾于介孔硅膠表面,制成了六種離子液體鍵合硅膠新型材料。其中三種是分別將一種離子液體鍵合于硅膠表面,稱為離子液體單功能化硅膠,另外三種是分別將兩種離子液體共同鍵合于硅膠表面,稱為離子液體雙功能化硅膠。隨后通過紅外光譜、熱重分析、N2吸脫附分析及元素分析四種表征方法對(duì)這六種材料的結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行表征鑒定,分析結(jié)果表明目標(biāo)材料被成功合成,保持了硅膠的骨架和多孔結(jié)構(gòu),并具有良好的熱穩(wěn)定性。在第三章和第四章中,首先,將幾種酚類化合物作為吸附質(zhì)研究了六種吸附劑對(duì)它們的吸附選擇性,發(fā)現(xiàn)吸附劑均對(duì)2,4-二硝基酚有較高的吸附量,因此,選擇以2,4-二硝基酚為吸附質(zhì),采用靜態(tài)吸附和動(dòng)態(tài)吸附方法研究了六種吸附劑對(duì)它的吸附性能。同時(shí)采用單因素實(shí)驗(yàn)優(yōu)化了實(shí)驗(yàn)的不同變量,如吸附劑投放量、溫度及p H,得到的最優(yōu)條件分別為25 mg/50 m L、30°C及p H=4.0。六種吸附劑Silpr BIm Cl、Silpr NIm Cl、Silpr AIm Cl、Silpr DBIm Cl、Silpr DAIm Cl和Silpr BAIm Cl的最大吸附量分別為61.3 mg/g、67.0 mg/g、64.5 mg/g、83.1 mg/g、40.3 mg/g和49.2 mg/g。溶液中Cl-和NO3-陰離子的存在對(duì)吸附行為存在抑制作用,且陰離子濃度越大,抑制作用越顯著。各吸附劑的吸附過程符合Langmuir等溫吸附方程,Silpr BIm Cl對(duì)2,4-二硝基酚的吸附符合擬二級(jí)動(dòng)力學(xué)模型。將幾種吸附劑分別制成的固相萃取小柱對(duì)2,4-二硝基酚進(jìn)行萃取,利用HCl溶液為洗脫劑,各萃取柱的最高洗脫率均在98%以上。用HCl溶液和蒸餾水淋洗萃取柱進(jìn)行再生,重復(fù)利用十五次,其分離能力沒有明顯變化。第五章,得出結(jié)論,我們所合成的六種咪唑類離子液體鍵合硅膠材料對(duì)水溶液中的2,4-二硝基酚具有良好的分離富集能力。
[Abstract]:Phenolic compounds are common in industrial effluents, such as metal foundry and paper industry. They are toxic, harmful to organisms at low concentrations and have carcinogenic and immunosuppressive effects. Many phenolic compounds are classified as dangerous pollutants. Therefore, the effective removal of phenolic compounds in water is necessary for environmental protection. The method is simple and easy to operate and is an effective method to remove phenolic compounds. In this paper, we synthesized six kinds of imidazole ionic liquids functionalized silica gel and used as adsorbent to remove phenolic compounds from water. In this paper, the adsorption properties of 2 nitro 4-dinitrophenol were systematically studied. In the first chapter, the harm of phenolic pollutants was summarized. The properties and classification of ionic liquids and the advantages of immobilized ionic liquids are reviewed. The applications and achievements of immobilized ionic liquids in some fields are reviewed, including catalytic reactions, surface modification, separation techniques (including solid phase extraction, liquid chromatography, etc.). Gas chromatography, capillary electrophoresis chromatography and gas capture) and electrochemical fields. In chapter 2, a series of imidazole ionic liquids were modified on the surface of mesoporous silica gel by covalent bonding. Six new kinds of ionic liquid bonded silica gel materials have been made, three of which are to bond one kind of ionic liquid to the surface of silica gel, which is called ionic liquid monofunctional silica gel, and the other three are to bond two kinds of ionic liquids to the surface of silica gel respectively. The structure of the six materials was characterized by infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), N _ 2 adsorption and desorption analysis and elemental analysis. The results showed that the target material was successfully synthesized. In Chapter 3 and Chapter 4th, several phenolic compounds were used as adsorbents to study the adsorption selectivity of six kinds of adsorbents. It was found that the adsorbent had a high adsorption capacity for 2o 4-dinitrophenol, so the adsorbent was selected as the adsorbent. The static and dynamic adsorption methods were used to study the adsorption properties of six adsorbents, and the experimental variables, such as the amount of adsorbent, were optimized by single factor experiment. The optimum conditions of temperature and pH are 25 mg/50 mL ~ (-1) 30 擄C and 4.00.The maximum adsorption capacities of Cl ~-and no _ 3- are 61.3 mg / g / g ~ 67.0 mg / g ~ 64.5 mg / g ~ (83) mg / g ~ (-1) mg/g and 49.2 mg / g 路g ~ (-1), respectively. The maximum adsorption capacity of six kinds of adsorbents, Silpr BIm Clon, Silpr AIm Clnn, Silpr DBIm Clon, Silpr DAIm Cl and Silpr BAIm Cl, are 67.0 mg / g / g ~ (60) mg / g ~ (-1) mg / g ~ (-1) and 49.2 mg / g ~ (-1), respectively. There is inhibition of adsorption behavior, And the greater the concentration of anions, The inhibition effect was more obvious. The adsorption process of each adsorbent was in accordance with the Langmuir isotherm adsorption equation. The adsorption of 2o 4-dinitrophenol by Silpr BIm Cl was fitted to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The solid phase extraction column of several kinds of adsorbents was used to extract 2H 4-dinitrophenol, and the adsorption process of the adsorbents was in accordance with the Langmuir isothermal adsorption equation. When HCl solution was used as eluent, the highest elution rate of each extraction column was above 98%. The extraction column was regenerated by elution of HCl solution and distilled water for 15 times, and its separation ability did not change obviously. In chapter 5th, the conclusion was drawn that the extraction column was regenerated with HCl solution and distilled water for 15 times. The six imidazolium ionic liquid bonded silica gel materials have good separation and enrichment ability for 2o 4-dinitrophenol in aqueous solution.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X703;TQ424.3

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本文編號(hào)：1537413