本文關(guān)鍵詞： 厭氧氨氧化 全程自養(yǎng)脫氮 顆粒污泥 生物脫氮 含氮廢水處理　出處：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：全程自養(yǎng)脫氮工藝作為一種低能耗、可持續(xù)的新興生物脫氮工藝,在廢水脫氮領(lǐng)域具有廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。本課題針對當(dāng)前我國水體富營養(yǎng)化嚴(yán)重和傳統(tǒng)生物脫氮技術(shù)運行成本高等問題,在成功培養(yǎng)出全程自養(yǎng)脫氮顆粒污泥的基礎(chǔ)上,系統(tǒng)研究了溶解氧(DO)對全程自養(yǎng)脫氮顆粒污泥脫氮效能的影響,并采用分子生物技術(shù)分析了不同DO濃度下全程自養(yǎng)脫氮顆粒污泥內(nèi)部的微生物變化,進而提出全程自養(yǎng)脫氮顆粒污泥穩(wěn)定、高效的處理含氮廢水的溶解氧控制策略,為實際含氮廢水處理提供理論依據(jù)和技術(shù)支持。在微氧曝氣條件下,以DO為單一變量,采取逐級升高DO濃度的策略,結(jié)合不同DO階段全程自養(yǎng)脫氮顆粒污泥脫氮效果、自養(yǎng)脫氮效能兩方面的變化,對比分析DO濃度對全程自養(yǎng)脫氮顆粒污泥脫氮效能的影響,并深入探究保持其脫氮效能穩(wěn)定的最適DO調(diào)控范圍。研究結(jié)果表明,在微氧條件下,保證適宜的水力停留時間(HRT)、DO和p H,有利于在顆粒污泥內(nèi)部建立氨氧化菌(AOB)、厭氧氨氧化菌(ANAMMOX菌)的共生體系,試驗歷時58d成功培養(yǎng)出全程自養(yǎng)脫氮顆粒污泥。同時,DO濃度對全程自養(yǎng)脫氮顆粒污泥的脫氮效果及脫氮效能均有顯著影響,DO濃度為0.1-0.2mg/L時,脫氮效能最佳,其對氨氮和總氮的平均去除率分別為90.6%和72.3%,平均總氮去除負(fù)荷為1.216 kg·N/(m3·d),脫氮反應(yīng)中△TN/△NH4+和△NO3-/△NH4+的平均比值分別為0.85和0.12,與自養(yǎng)脫氮理論關(guān)系(0.86和0.11)基本吻合。此外,結(jié)合不同DO濃度下全程自養(yǎng)脫氮顆粒污泥內(nèi)部的微生物變化情況,在微觀尺度上分析了AOB和ANAMMOX菌在顆粒污泥內(nèi)部的分布規(guī)律。SEM結(jié)果表明,顆粒污泥粒徑大小在0.9~1.0 mm之間,形狀規(guī)則,表面光滑,顆粒污泥內(nèi)部微生物排列十分致密,主要以球狀及短桿狀菌聚合而成;FISH結(jié)果證明,顆粒污泥內(nèi)部微生物主要以此兩種菌為主,其中,AOB密集排布于顆粒污泥外層區(qū)域,ANAMMOX菌則集中分布于顆粒污泥內(nèi)層,亞硝酸鹽氧化菌(NOB)數(shù)量極少。
[Abstract]:The whole process of autotrophic denitrification is a low energy consumption and sustainable biological denitrification process. It has a broad application prospect in the field of wastewater denitrification. This topic aims at the serious eutrophication of water body in China and the high cost of the traditional biological nitrogen removal technology. On the basis of successful cultivation of autotrophic granular sludge, the effect of do) on denitrification efficiency of autotrophic granular sludge was studied systematically. The microorganism changes of autotrophic denitrification granular sludge under different do concentration were analyzed by molecular biotechnology, and the stability of autotrophic denitrification granular sludge was put forward. The efficient control strategy of dissolved oxygen for treating nitrogen-containing wastewater provides the theoretical basis and technical support for the actual treatment of nitrogen-containing wastewater. Under the condition of micro-oxygen aeration, do is taken as a single variable. The strategy of increasing do concentration step by step, combined with the effect of denitrification of autotrophic granular sludge in different do stages, and the change of efficiency of autotrophic denitrification were adopted. The effect of do concentration on denitrification efficiency of autotrophic granular sludge was analyzed, and the optimal range of do control to maintain the stability of denitrification efficiency was explored. The results showed that under the condition of micro-oxygen. It is beneficial to establish a symbiotic system of ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOBX) and anammox bacteria (Anammox) in granular sludge by ensuring suitable HRT, do and pH. The experiment lasted 58 days and successfully cultivated the whole process autotrophic denitrification granular sludge. At the same time, the concentration of do had a significant effect on the denitrification effect and denitrification efficiency of the whole process autotrophic denitrification granular sludge. When do concentration was 0.1-0.2 mg / L, the average removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen was 90.6% and 72.3%, respectively. The average total nitrogen removal load was 1.216 kg 路N / m ~ 3 路d). The average ratios of TN- / NH4 and NO3 / NH4 in denitrification were 0.85 and 0.12, respectively. The relationship between 0.86 and 0.11) was basically consistent with the autotrophic nitrogen removal theory. In addition, the microorganism changes of autotrophic denitrification granular sludge under different do concentrations were analyzed. The distribution of AOB and ANAMMOX bacteria in granular sludge was analyzed on the micro scale. The results showed that the size of granular sludge was between 0.910 mm and 1.0 mm, and the shape of granular sludge was regular. The surface of granular sludge is smooth, and the microorganism in granular sludge is very compact, which is mainly composed of globular and short rod bacteria. The results of FISH showed that there were two kinds of microbes in granular sludge, and ANAMMOX in the outer layer of granular sludge was concentrated in the inner layer of granular sludge. The number of nitrite oxidizing bacteria was very small.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X703

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