本文關(guān)鍵詞： 殼聚糖陽離子季銨鹽 2 3-環(huán)氧丙基三甲基氯化銨 脫色劑　出處：《中原工學(xué)院》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：本文擬用自然界中可生物降解的甲殼質(zhì)脫乙酰后生成的殼聚糖為起始原料,通過陽離子化改性,合成一種高分子陽離子聚合物,利用陽離子化的殼聚糖與染料中的陰離子結(jié)合形成不溶水的大分子將印染廢水中的染料沉淀下來,從而高效吸附印染廢水中的染料大分子,以及其他含陰離子基團的化合物。實驗部分主要設(shè)計合成殼聚糖陽離子季銨鹽脫色劑,首先合成2,3-環(huán)氧丙基三甲基氯化銨(GTA),繼而以GTA為季銨化劑,利用了殼聚糖分子鏈上存在的大量氨基,在有機溶劑中進行季銨化反應(yīng)合成殼聚糖陽離子季銨鹽。利用生成的殼聚糖陽離子季銨鹽去處理染料溶液,從而達到對染料溶液的脫色處理。具體實驗內(nèi)容包括:探討了不同的途徑合成GTA,最終綜合實驗條件和產(chǎn)率,確定了以三甲胺(TMA),鹽酸和環(huán)氧氯丙烷等為反應(yīng)起始原料,首先合成GTA,繼而以GTA為季銨化劑,在有機溶劑中合成殼聚糖陽離子季銨鹽。研究了不同的合成條件對取代度大小的影響,主要討論的影響因素有反應(yīng)投料摩爾比,不同溶劑,反應(yīng)溫度,初始反應(yīng)體系p H值。探討了CTS/GTA摩爾比、溶脹時間、合成溫度和反應(yīng)時間對殼聚糖陽離子季銨鹽取代度的影響,以及對染料廢水的脫色性能研究,經(jīng)過一系列的正交實驗法選擇出了較佳的合成反應(yīng)條件。實驗結(jié)果表明,CTS/GTA摩爾比為1:3,初始反應(yīng)體系p H值為6,水與異丙醇的體積比為3,反應(yīng)溫度為60℃~80℃的時候,殼聚糖陽離子季銨鹽的取代度相對來說較高。CTS/GTA摩爾比為1:3,溶脹時間為50min,合成溫度為60℃,反應(yīng)時間為10h,在這個反應(yīng)條件下所得的產(chǎn)物對直接染料和酸性染料有良好的脫色性能。
[Abstract]:In this paper, a kind of polymer cationic polymer was synthesized by cationic modification with chitosan which was deacetylated from biodegradable chitin in nature. The dye in dyeing wastewater was precipitated by cationic chitosan combined with anions in dyes to form insoluble water macromolecules which could efficiently adsorb dye macromolecules in printing and dyeing wastewater. In the experiment part, we designed and synthesized chitosan cationic quaternary ammonium salt decolorizer, first, we synthesized 2% 3-epichloropropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (GTAA). Then, using GTA as quaternary ammonium, a large amount of amino groups were used in the molecular chain of chitosan. Chitosan cationic quaternary ammonium salt was synthesized by quaternary ammonium reaction in organic solvent, and the dye solution was treated by chitosan cationic quaternary ammonium salt. In order to achieve the decolorization of dye solution, the specific experimental contents include: the different ways of synthesis of GTAs were discussed, the final experimental conditions and yield were synthesized, and the trimethylamine (TMA) was determined. Hydrochloric acid and epichlorohydrin were used as starting materials to synthesize GTA, and then GTA was used as quaternary ammonium. Chitosan cationic quaternary ammonium salt was synthesized in organic solvent. The influence of different synthesis conditions on the degree of substitution was studied. The main influencing factors were molar ratio of reactant, different solvent and reaction temperature. The effects of CTS/GTA molar ratio, swelling time, synthesis temperature and reaction time on the degree of substitution of chitosan cationic quaternary ammonium salt were investigated. And the decolorization performance of dye wastewater was studied. Through a series of orthogonal experiments, the optimum synthetic reaction conditions were selected. The experimental results showed that the molar ratio of CTS / GTA was 1: 3. The pH value of the initial reaction system is 6, the volume ratio of water to isopropanol is 3, and the reaction temperature is 60 鈩，

本文編號：1467595