本文關(guān)鍵詞： 京津風沙源地區(qū) 植被指數(shù) 沙化動態(tài)變化 驅(qū)動力　出處：《中國地質(zhì)大學(北京)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：本研究主要利用時間序列的生態(tài)遙感產(chǎn)品,同時結(jié)合野外調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù),相關(guān)氣象、地理環(huán)境等數(shù)據(jù),研究京津風沙源地區(qū)土地沙化現(xiàn)狀、2000-2010年的變化情況及驅(qū)動因素,以評估京津風沙源治理工程區(qū)的實施效果。首先,以歷史沙化數(shù)據(jù)作為基礎(chǔ),并結(jié)合植被區(qū)劃、土地利用、氣候、風蝕、NDVI等數(shù)據(jù)評估了2010年沙化現(xiàn)狀,明確了沙化土地總面積、不同沙化等級面積及空間分布特征;然后,根據(jù)2000-2010年NDVI數(shù)據(jù)提取不同年份沙化等級分布狀況,并分析11年間的沙化總面積與分布范圍的時空變化規(guī)律。最后采用灰色關(guān)聯(lián)度及相關(guān)分析方法從自然條件變化和人為活動影響兩方面分析區(qū)域沙化土地變化的主要驅(qū)動力。結(jié)果表明:(1)獲取京津風沙源地區(qū)的年均NDVI閾值在0.2-0.45間。(2)綜合考慮風蝕、土地利用類型及氣候等資料,采用NDVI閾值方法提取的沙化土地結(jié)果較為理想,且閾值設(shè)為0.45的時候與實際較為符合,吻合率為81.00%,而不采用歷史資料的吻合率僅為68%。(3)2010年京津風沙源區(qū)總沙化面積為22.10萬km2,占研究區(qū)總面積的22.1%,其中重度以上等級占56.46%,主要分布在內(nèi)蒙古中部渾善達克沙地附近。(4)2000-2010年京津風沙源地區(qū)沙化總面積總體上呈現(xiàn)先減少后上升的趨勢,11年內(nèi)增加了1.65萬km2,但重度及以上沙化面積減少了0.17萬km2。(5)內(nèi)蒙東部的赤峰市東北部和錫林浩特市東部等地區(qū)土地沙化程度惡化較為明顯;而在錫林格勒盟中部、山西北部大同、朔州市及河北張家口市,沙化程度有所減輕。(6)GDP、溫度、降水對沙化土地有不同程度的影響,其中降水與沙化面積之間呈現(xiàn)顯著負相關(guān),而GDP、溫度與沙化面積之間呈現(xiàn)正相關(guān)關(guān)系;GDP與沙地的關(guān)聯(lián)度最高,且相對貢獻率最大,這表明人為活動對土地沙化有極為重要的影響。土地利用類型中,草地是沙地最主要的來源。
[Abstract]:This study mainly uses the time series of ecological remote sensing products, combined with field survey data, related meteorological, geographical environment data, to study the status of land desertification in Beijing and Tianjin sandstorm source area. From 2000 to 2010, the changes and driving factors were used to evaluate the implementation effect of Beijing-Tianjin sandstorm source control project area. Firstly, based on historical desertification data and combined with vegetation regionalization, land use. Climate, wind erosion, NDVI and other data evaluated the status of desertification in 2010, determined the total area of desertification land, different desertification grade area and spatial distribution characteristics. Then, according to the NDVI data from 2000 to 2010, the distribution of desertification grade in different years was extracted. The temporal and spatial changes of the total area and distribution of desertification in 11 years were analyzed. Finally, grey correlation degree and correlation analysis method were used to analyze the change of regional desertification land from the two aspects of natural condition change and human activity influence. Main driving forces. The results show that:. (. 1) the annual NDVI threshold of the source area of Beijing and Tianjin is 0.2-0.45) wind erosion is considered synthetically. The data of land use type and climate, the result of sandy land extracted by NDVI threshold method is ideal, and when the threshold value is set to 0. 45, it is in good agreement with the actual situation, and the coincidence rate is 81.00%. In 2010, the total area of desertification was 221,000 km ~ 2, accounting for 22.1% of the total area of the study area. More than 56.46% of them were severe. The total area of desertification in the sandstorm source area of Beijing and Tianjin from 2000 to 2010 mainly distributed near Hunshandake sandy land in the central part of Inner Mongolia showed a trend of first decreasing and then rising. There was an increase of 16,500 km2 in 11 years. However, the area of heavy and above desertification decreased by 1,700 km2. 5) in the eastern part of Inner Mongolia, in the northeast of Chifeng and the eastern part of Xilinhaote, the degree of land desertification deteriorated obviously. In the central part of Sillingrad, Datong in northern Shanxi, Shuozhou City and Zhangjiakou City, Hebei Province, the degree of desertification has been reduced to a certain extent, and the temperature and precipitation have different effects on the desertified land. There was a significant negative correlation between precipitation and desertification area, and a positive correlation between GDP, temperature and desertification area. The correlation between GDP and sandy land is the highest and the relative contribution rate is the largest, which indicates that anthropogenic activities have an extremely important effect on land desertification. Among the land use types, grassland is the most important source of sandy land.
【學位授予單位】：中國地質(zhì)大學(北京)
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X171.1
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本文編號：1465192