本文關(guān)鍵詞： 鈦錳復(fù)合氧化物 吸附 As(V) As(III) Pb 去除機理　出處：《中國科學(xué)院煙臺海岸帶研究所》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：近幾十年,重金屬在工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中應(yīng)用越來越廣泛。伴隨著重金屬礦物開采、加工及應(yīng)用,部分重金屬進入水環(huán)境中,造成水體污染,嚴重影響了生態(tài)系統(tǒng)及人體健康安全。因此,水體重金屬污染去除得到越來越多的關(guān)注。砷是一種自然環(huán)境中廣泛存在的類重金屬元素,毒性很大且具致癌性。砷在水溶液中通常以As(V)和As(III)兩種形態(tài)存在,As(III)比As(V)有更高的毒性,且前者比后者更難以去除。鉛是另一種在工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中廣泛應(yīng)用的重金屬,對人體健康有嚴重危害,可導(dǎo)致多種疾病發(fā)生,特別是影響兒童智力發(fā)育。鉛在水溶液中主要以二價陽離子形態(tài)存在。這兩種重金屬具有典型的代表性,它們的去除得到更多關(guān)注。與其他傳統(tǒng)除砷、鉛方法相比,吸附法是最有應(yīng)用前景的一種方法。因為它操作簡單、經(jīng)濟高效、無污泥產(chǎn)生且吸附材料可多次循環(huán)再生。但現(xiàn)有的吸附材料通常很難同時去除含砷和鉛的污水,即很難同時去除含有陰離子型和陽離子型重金屬污染物的污水。因此,開發(fā)新型、廉價、高效的除重金屬吸附材料以降低水處理成本具有非常重要的意義。以研制能同時高效去除砷和鉛的吸附材料為目的,本研究將鈦氧化物對As(V)的高吸附性能與二氧化錳對Pb的高吸附性能及其對As(III)的氧化性能結(jié)合在一起,研制了一種多功能吸附材料——鈦錳復(fù)合氧化物,并在材料制備、表征、砷和鉛吸附性能及其去除機理方面開展了系統(tǒng)研究。通過上述研究,獲得了以下主要成果:1.采用氧化還原/共沉淀一步合成法制備了鈦錳復(fù)合氧化物,該吸附材料具有較大的比表面積(349.5 m2/g),發(fā)達的孔結(jié)構(gòu),含有豐富的表面金屬羥基,主要以無定型形式存在。2.鈦錳復(fù)合氧化物對As(V)和As(III)的吸附容量均很高,對As(III)和As(V)的最大吸附容量分別為107.0 mg/g和87.2 mg/g,表明該吸附材料對As(III)的去除效果更好。鈦錳復(fù)合氧化物能快速同時去除溶液中As(V)和As(III),且能有效的將As(III)迅速氧化成As(V),可應(yīng)用的p H范圍比較寬,再生性能良好,可在實際生產(chǎn)應(yīng)用中循環(huán)使用。3.As(V)與鈦錳復(fù)合氧化物形成了內(nèi)表面配合絡(luò)合物,而As(III)的去除機理為氧化還原/吸附機制。As(III)被二氧化錳氧化成As(V)的同時,二氧化錳被還原溶解,導(dǎo)致在材料表面生成新的活性吸附位點,這可能是As(III)去除效果顯著優(yōu)于As(V)的主要原因。4.鈦錳復(fù)合氧化物能快速去除溶液中的Pb,且對Pb有很好的吸附效果,特別是在低濃度條件下,對Pb的最大吸附容量為186.3 mg/g,可應(yīng)用的p H范圍比較寬,對Pb有很強的特異性選擇,再生性能較好,具有良好的實用性。5.Pb與鈦錳復(fù)合氧化物發(fā)生了化學(xué)吸附,在材料表面上形成了單齒單核或雙齒單核的內(nèi)配位絡(luò)合物。
[Abstract]:In recent decades, heavy metals are more and more widely used in industrial production. With the mining, processing and application of heavy metal minerals, some heavy metals enter the water environment, resulting in water pollution. Therefore, the removal of heavy metal pollution in water has received more and more attention. Arsenic is a kind of heavy metal element widely existing in natural environment. Arsenic is highly toxic and carcinogenic in aqueous solution. And the former is more difficult to remove than the latter. Lead is another heavy metal widely used in industrial production, which has serious harm to human health and can lead to a variety of diseases. Lead mainly exists in aqueous solution as bivalent cations. These two heavy metals are typical and their removal has been paid more attention. And other traditional arsenic removal. Compared with the lead method, the adsorption method is the most promising method because of its simple operation and economic efficiency. No sludge is produced and adsorption materials can be recycled many times. However, it is often difficult for existing adsorption materials to remove arsenic and lead in wastewater at the same time. That is, it is difficult to remove both anionic and cationic heavy metal pollutants. It is very important to reduce the cost of water treatment by high efficiency adsorbents for removing heavy metals. The purpose is to develop adsorbents which can remove arsenic and lead efficiently at the same time. In this study, the high adsorption properties of titanium oxides for Aso V and manganese dioxide for Pb and oxidation properties for Aso II I) were combined. A kind of multifunctional adsorbent material, titanomanganese complex oxide, was developed, and the preparation, characterization, adsorption properties and removal mechanism of arsenic and lead were systematically studied. The main results are as follows: 1. Ti-Mn composite oxides were prepared by redox / coprecipitation one-step synthesis. The adsorption material has a large specific surface area of 349.5 m2 / g). Developed pore structure, rich surface metal hydroxyl groups, mainly in the form of amorphous form. 2. The adsorption capacity of titanium and manganese composite oxides for ASV) and As-III) are very high. The maximum adsorption capacities of As#en0# III and ASV) were 107.0 mg/g and 87.2 mg/g, respectively. The results show that the adsorption material has better removal efficiency of As-III, and the titanium-manganese complex oxides can rapidly remove both As-V and As-III from the solution at the same time. It can be used to oxidize AsN II I rapidly to AsHV, which can be used in a wide range of pH and has good regeneration performance. The complex complex on the inner surface is formed by using the compound oxides of titanium-manganese in the form of the compound oxides of titanium-manganese, which can be reused in practical production. However, the removal mechanism of Aso III is that of redox / sorption mechanism. Asao III) is oxidized to ASV by manganese dioxide), and manganese dioxide is reduced to dissolve at the same time. A new active adsorption site was formed on the surface of the material, which may be the main reason that the removal efficiency of As-III is significantly better than that of As-V) .4. Ti-Mn complex oxides can rapidly remove Pb from the solution. In particular, the maximum adsorption capacity of Pb is 186.3 mg / g at low concentration, and the pH range is relatively wide. It has strong selectivity for Pb, good regeneration performance and good practicability. 5. Chemical adsorption of Pb and Ti-Mn complex oxides has taken place. Monodentate mononuclear or didentate mononuclear internal coordination complexes are formed on the surface of the material.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國科學(xué)院煙臺海岸帶研究所
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TQ424;X703

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