本文關(guān)鍵詞：表面活性劑條件下生物炭對水中PAHs的去除作用和機(jī)制　出處：《浙江工商大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 生物炭 PAHs 表面活性劑 吸附 降解 Pseudomonas aeruginosa JXQ

【摘要】：生物炭和表面活性劑因其獨(dú)特的結(jié)構(gòu)性能對環(huán)境中污染物的遷移轉(zhuǎn)化和生態(tài)效應(yīng)均有重要的影響。雖然很多研究分別關(guān)注了生物炭和表面活性劑在環(huán)境污染修復(fù)技術(shù)中的應(yīng)用,但表面活性劑共存條件下生物炭對有機(jī)污染物的作用及機(jī)制尚不清楚。本文以生物炭對多環(huán)芳烴(PAHs)的吸附作用及其對微生物降解PAHs的影響為基礎(chǔ),探討表面活性劑對生物炭吸附PAHs和微生物降解PAHs的影響。在此基礎(chǔ)上,重點(diǎn)探討表面活性劑和生物炭共存條件下水中PAHs的去除機(jī)制,著重分析共存條件下表面活性劑對PAHs吸附和降解兩方面的作用。主要結(jié)論如下：(1)五種不同生物炭對PAHs的吸附平衡曲線均能用Freundlich模型較好地擬合,其吸附機(jī)制包含表面吸附作用和固相分配作用。生物炭裂解溫度越高,炭化越完全,與PAHs的π-π電子共軛作用越顯著,但同時殘留的有機(jī)質(zhì)成分減少,對PAHs的固相分配作用減弱。兩種吸附機(jī)制的共同作用下,500℃裂解的生物炭對PAHs的吸附性能最強(qiáng)。另一方面,動物性來源(豬糞和雞糞)生物炭的C/H較高,芳香性更強(qiáng),因此吸附性能強(qiáng)于植物性來源(秸稈)生物炭。(2)陽離子表面活性劑溴代十二烷基吡啶DDPB.非離子表面活性劑TritonX-100和陰離子表面活性劑鼠李糖脂均可不同程度地促進(jìn)生物炭吸附PAHs,且促進(jìn)程度與表面活性劑濃度有關(guān)。濃度低于350 mg/L(約為1/10 CMC)的DDPB對生物炭吸附PAHs的促進(jìn)作用最顯著,低于1/2CMC濃度的鼠李糖脂及1倍CMC的TritonX-100對生物炭吸附PAHs也有較強(qiáng)的促進(jìn)作用。表面活性劑對生物炭吸附PAHs的促進(jìn)作用取決于生物炭上吸附態(tài)表面活性劑對PAHs的分配作用,但表面活性劑濃度較高時,溶液中膠束態(tài)表面活性劑對PAHs的增溶作用反而抑制了生物炭對PAHs的吸附。(3)三種不同類型表面活性劑鼠李糖脂、TritonX-100和DDPB對銅綠假單胞菌Pseudomonas aeruginosa JXQ降解苊的影響顯著不同。鼠李糖脂可顯著促進(jìn)苊的降解,且促進(jìn)作用隨著鼠李糖脂濃度的增大而增強(qiáng)；臨界膠束濃度以下的TritonX-100對P. aeruginosa JXQ降解苊都有一定的促進(jìn)作用,TritonX-100濃度為1倍CMC時促進(jìn)作用最強(qiáng)。DDPB對苊降解菌P. aeruginosa JXQ有較強(qiáng)毒性,完全抑制了苊的降解。(4)在PAHs水溶液中單獨(dú)添加生物炭后,一方面由于生物炭的吸附作用令溶液中PAHs濃度下降,另一方面也使溶液中可生物利用的PAHs的濃度減小,P. aeruginosa JXQ對PAHs的降解利用程度減弱。但表面活性劑和生物炭的聯(lián)合作用可在此基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)一步提高PAHs的生物可利用性。低濃度鼠李糖脂和生物炭聯(lián)合作用時不僅促進(jìn)了溶液中苊的吸附去除,同時促進(jìn)了P. aeruginosa JXQ對苊的降解。聯(lián)合作用下對苊的去除效果比兩者單獨(dú)作用時更顯著。
[Abstract]:Biological carbon and surface active agent because of its unique structure and properties of the migration and transformation of pollutants in the environment and ecological effects has important influence. Although many studies were concerned about the application of biochar and surfactants in environmental pollution remediation technology, but the mechanism and biological carbon surface active agent under the condition of coexistence of organic pollutants in effect is not clear. The biochar on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) adsorption and its influence on the microbial degradation of PAHs as the basis, to explore the effect of surfactants on the biological carbon adsorption and biodegradation of PAHs PAHs. On this basis, focusing on the surfactant and biological carbon removal mechanism in PAHs under the condition of coexistence. Analysis of the surface active agent under the condition of coexistence of two aspects of PAHs adsorption and degradation. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) five different kinds of carbon on PAHs adsorption equilibrium curve With the Freundlich model fitted well, the adsorption mechanism includes surface adsorption and solid phase distribution. Biochar pyrolysis temperature is higher, the carbonization more completely, and PAHs pi pi electron conjugated effect is more significant, but also reduce the residual component of organic matter, a weakening of the PAHs solid phase distribution function of two. Adsorption mechanism, adsorption properties of the strongest biological carbon 500 C cleavage of PAHs. On the other hand, animal sources (pig manure and chicken manure) biochar C/H higher, stronger aromaticity, therefore strong adsorption from plant sources (straw charcoal). (2) cationic surfactant bromide the twelve generation of alkyl pyridine DDPB. nonionic surfactant TritonX-100 and anionic surfactant rhamnolipid could significantly promote biochar adsorption of PAHs, and promote the degree of concentration of surfactant. The concentration below 350 mg/ L (about 1/10 CMC DDPB) on biological carbon adsorption PAHs promoting effects, 1/2CMC concentration is lower than the Shu Li glycolipids and 1 times of CMC TritonX-100 also has a strong role in promoting the biological carbon. Adsorption of PAHs surfactants on the biological carbon adsorption effect of PAHs on carbon adsorption depends on the biological effects of surfactants on PAHs distribution however, the surfactant concentration is high, the solubilization of micelles state surfactant solution of PAHs inhibited the adsorption of PAHs on the biological carbon. (3) three different types of surfactant Shu Li glycolipids, effects of TritonX-100 and DDPB on Pseudomonas aeruginosa Pseudomonas aeruginosa JXQ degradation of acenaphthene were significantly different. The degradation of Shu Li glucose can significantly promote the acenaphthene, and promoting effect increases with the increase of Shu Li glucose concentration; below the critical micelle concentration TritonX-100 can promote the degradation of JXQ aeruginosa P. of acenaphthene With the concentration of TritonX-100 was 1 times of CMC promoted the strongest.DDPB has strong toxicity to the degrading bacteria P. aeruginosa JXQ acenaphthylene, acenaphthene completely inhibited the degradation. (4) biochar alone in PAHs aqueous solution, on the one hand because of adsorption of biochar to PAHs concentration decreased, on the other hand the bioavailable concentration of PAHs decreased in P. aeruginosa JXQ solution, the degradation of PAHs by weaken. But the combined effect of surfactants and biochar can further improve PAHs bioavailability. The combined effect of low concentration of rhamnolipid and biological carbon not only promoted the adsorption of solution acenaphthene, while promoting the degradation of P. aeruginosa JXQ. The acenaphthene removal effect of acenaphthene under combined action is more significant than either alone.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江工商大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X703

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本文編號：1433550