發(fā)布時間：2018-01-10 02:05

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：地表水突發(fā)污染應(yīng)急處置決策支持系統(tǒng)構(gòu)建與應(yīng)用研究　出處：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 地表水突發(fā)污染 技術(shù)篩選評估 決策支持系統(tǒng) 低溫 吸附

【摘要】：飲用水安全是人民生命健康的基本保障,是社會發(fā)展的必然要求。地表水作為重要的供水水源,其突發(fā)污染事件頻繁發(fā)生,給飲用水安全帶來極大威脅,及時有效的展開應(yīng)急處置成為亟待解決的問題。本課題以此為研究對象,研發(fā)地表水突發(fā)污染應(yīng)急處置決策支持系統(tǒng),為地表水應(yīng)急處置提供技術(shù)指導(dǎo)。本文通過文獻(xiàn)調(diào)研,結(jié)合環(huán)保部門資料、網(wǎng)絡(luò)信息、新聞資訊等渠道整理出150件地表水突發(fā)污染事件信息、400種污染物質(zhì)信息、90種應(yīng)急技術(shù)信息、100名應(yīng)急專家信息;根據(jù)上述信息分別建立應(yīng)急案例、污染物質(zhì)、應(yīng)急技術(shù)、檢測方法、應(yīng)急專家和水質(zhì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)6個指標(biāo)體系,并利用Oracle 10g軟件開發(fā)出6個數(shù)據(jù)庫。運(yùn)用改進(jìn)的層次分析法構(gòu)建出以技術(shù)、環(huán)境、社會、經(jīng)濟(jì)4項(xiàng)指標(biāo)為準(zhǔn)則層、18個二級指標(biāo)為方案層的應(yīng)急技術(shù)篩選評估體系。在數(shù)據(jù)庫和篩選評估體系的基礎(chǔ)上,利用Visual Studio 2010開發(fā)出基于B/S模式的地表水突發(fā)污染應(yīng)急處置決策支持系統(tǒng)。為了填補(bǔ)低溫條件下突發(fā)重金屬污染處置技術(shù)的空白,本文研究了低溫條件下多種吸附劑對As(III)和Cr(VI)的吸附效果,結(jié)果表明:在水溫為6℃、p H為7.0時,5A分子篩和活性氧化鋁分別對As(III)和Cr(VI)具有較好的吸附效果,其吸附平衡時間均為3 h,吸附均符合Lagergren二級動力學(xué)吸附模型和Freundlich吸附等溫模型。進(jìn)一步考察了吸附劑在水庫和江水兩種水體中對As(III)和Cr(VI)的吸附情況,得到不同濃度下吸附劑最佳投加量。為低溫條件下突發(fā)水污染應(yīng)急處置提供技術(shù)支持。應(yīng)用本文建立的地表水突發(fā)污染應(yīng)急處置決策支持系統(tǒng)對兩起地表水突發(fā)污染案例進(jìn)行分析,結(jié)果表明:山東臨沂砷污染事件的最佳應(yīng)急技術(shù)為高鐵酸鹽除砷技術(shù),其技術(shù)成本為78.5萬元;陜西米糧河氰化物污染事件的最佳應(yīng)急技術(shù)為投藥消毒技術(shù),其技術(shù)成本為45萬元。應(yīng)用本文建立的地表水突發(fā)污染應(yīng)急處置決策支持系統(tǒng)和低溫條件下突發(fā)重金屬污染的吸附處理技術(shù)對兩起重金屬污染案例進(jìn)行分析,結(jié)果表明:在低溫水體條件下,蘇魯砷污染事件和云南南盤江鉻污染事件最佳應(yīng)急技術(shù)分別為分子篩吸附技術(shù)和活性氧化鋁吸附技術(shù),技術(shù)成本分別為936萬元和519萬元。
[Abstract]:Drinking water safety is the basic guarantee of people's life and health, is the inevitable requirement of social development. Surface water as an important source of water supply, its frequent occurrence of sudden pollution, drinking water safety is a great threat. Timely and effective development of emergency treatment has become a problem to be solved. This topic as a research object, research and development of surface water pollution emergency disposal decision support system. Through literature research, combined with environmental protection department information, network information, news information and other channels to sort out 150 surface water sudden pollution incident information. The information of 400 kinds of pollution substances and 90 kinds of emergency technical information contain 100 emergency experts' information; According to the above information, six index systems of emergency cases, pollution materials, emergency technologies, detection methods, emergency experts and water quality standards were established. Six databases were developed by using Oracle 10g software, and four indexes of technology, environment, society and economy were constructed by using improved analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Eighteen second-level indicators are emergency technical screening and evaluation system in the program layer, which is based on database and screening evaluation system. Using Visual Studio. In 2010, a decision support system for surface water pollution emergency disposal was developed based on B / S model. In order to fill the blank of heavy metal pollution disposal technology under low temperature. In this paper, the adsorption effects of various adsorbents on As-III and Cr-VI) at low temperature are studied. The results show that when the water temperature is 6 鈩，

本文編號：1403396