本文關(guān)鍵詞：鉛鋅尾砂礦耐性微生物的篩選及其吸附機(jī)理研究　出處：《中南林業(yè)科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 鉛鋅尾砂礦 活性菌株 失活菌體 Pb~(2+) Zn~(2+) 吸附特性 吸附機(jī)理

【摘要】：針對湖南資興鉛鋅礦污染問題,篩選本土耐性菌株用作生物修復(fù)。本論文研究了一株耐性真菌活性菌株及失活菌體的吸附特性及吸附機(jī)理,為其在重金屬治理的應(yīng)用提供條件。論文取得的主要研究結(jié)果如下：(1)經(jīng)過連續(xù)3次富集培養(yǎng)后,從湖南資興鉛鋅礦區(qū)的尾砂礦礦渣中分離得到真菌19株,放線菌5株,通過比較其耐性及去除鉛鋅效果,篩選出耐性菌株J3作為供試菌株。根據(jù)形態(tài)特征和系統(tǒng)發(fā)育分析,J3初步鑒定為蟲生輪枝菌。(2)菌量是影響J3失活菌體吸附Pb2+的極顯著因素,pH值、吸附時間是影響吸附Pb2+的顯著因素；Zn2+濃度、pH值分別是影響其吸附鋅離子的極顯著和顯著因素。最佳條件下,失活菌體對Pb2+去除率為72.6%,Zn2+的去除率為23.8%。失活菌體Pb2+吸附推測為膜擴(kuò)散和顆粒內(nèi)擴(kuò)散共同作用,Zn2+吸附速率則由膜擴(kuò)散控制。二級動力學(xué)方程可為生物吸附反應(yīng)器的設(shè)計提供依據(jù)。(3)重金屬濃度是影響活性菌株去除Pb2+、Zn2+的顯著因素,其他三個因素影響不顯著,說明了活性菌株去除效果的穩(wěn)定性。在最佳條件下,J3活性菌株對Pb2+的去除率達(dá)到92.2%,Zn2+的去除率率為87.7%�；钚跃晡竭^程中吸附速率受重金屬濃度影響,Zn2+吸附主要為顆粒內(nèi)擴(kuò)散作用。(4)本研究采用多種方法對活性菌株吸附機(jī)理進(jìn)行分析。首先,SEM結(jié)果說明：添加重金屬后J3菌球表面更為致密,內(nèi)部疏松中空；隨著鉛鋅離子濃度增加,菌絲逐漸塌陷聚集,變?yōu)楸馄綘?菌絲和菌球的形變過程可能對重金屬去除起重要作用。其次,紅外光譜分析結(jié)果表明,官能團(tuán)-NH、-CH2、-OH、C=O和C-O等參與了Pb2+、Zn2+吸附過程,其中-OH和C=O是優(yōu)先吸附位點。第三,活性菌株在生長前后pH值發(fā)生了變化,J3在生長過程中產(chǎn)生了堿性物質(zhì),高濃度下菌絲表面產(chǎn)生大量沉淀。最后結(jié)合前實驗結(jié)果并解吸實驗結(jié)果,表明較低濃度下(75mg/L)J3 Pb2+去除主要為胞內(nèi)積累,較高濃度下(75-300 mg/L)主要為胞外吸附作用；鋅離子去除機(jī)制則主要為胞內(nèi)吸附。
[Abstract]:In order to solve the pollution problem of Zixing lead-zinc mine in Hunan Province, a native resistant strain was selected for bioremediation. In this paper, the adsorption characteristics and adsorption mechanism of a resistant fungal active strain and inactivated bacteria were studied. The main results obtained in this paper are as follows: 1) after three successive enrichment and culture. 19 strains of fungi and 5 strains of actinomycetes were isolated from the tail-sand slag of Zixing lead-zinc mine in Hunan Province. The tolerance and the effect of removing lead and zinc were compared. The resistant strain J3 was selected as the tested strain. According to morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis, J3 was preliminarily identified as rotifer. 2) the quantity of J3 inactivated bacteria was the most significant factor affecting the adsorption of Pb2 by J3 inactivated bacteria. The pH value and adsorption time were the significant factors affecting the adsorption of Pb2. The pH value of Zn2 was the most significant and significant factor affecting the adsorption of zinc ions. Under the optimum conditions, the removal rate of Pb2 by inactivated bacteria was 72.6%. The removal rate of Zn2 was 23.8.The Pb2 adsorption of inactivated bacteria was supposed to be the interaction of membrane diffusion and intragranular diffusion. The adsorption rate of Zn2 was controlled by membrane diffusion. The second-order kinetic equation could provide the basis for the design of biosorption reactor. The significant factors of Zn2, the other three factors, showed the stability of the removal effect of the active strain. Under the best conditions, the removal rate of Pb2 of the J3 active strain reached 92.2%. The removal rate of Zn2 was 87.7%. The adsorption rate of active strain was affected by the concentration of heavy metal. Zn2 adsorption is mainly intragranular diffusion. 4) in this study, the adsorption mechanism of active strains was analyzed by various methods. First of all. The results of SEM showed that the surface of J3 microspheres was denser and the interior was loose and hollow after the addition of heavy metals. With the concentration of lead and zinc ions increasing, the mycelium gradually collapses and aggregates and becomes flat. The deformation process of hyphae and microspheres may play an important role in the removal of heavy metals. Secondly, the infrared spectrum analysis results show that. Functional groups such as -NH ~ (2 +) -H _ (2) C _ (2) C _ (2) O and C-O are involved in the adsorption process of Pb2 ~ (2 +) Zn _ (2), among which -OH and C _ (10) O are the preferred sites for adsorption. The pH value of the active strain changed before and after growth, and J3 produced alkaline substances during the growth process, and a large amount of precipitation occurred on the surface of the mycelium at high concentration. Finally, the results of pre-test and desorption were combined. The results showed that the removal of 75 mg 路L ~ (-1) J _ (3) Pb2 was mainly intracellular accumulation at lower concentration, and the extracellular adsorption at higher concentration (75 ~ 300 mg / L). The removal mechanism of zinc ion is mainly intracellular adsorption.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中南林業(yè)科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X172;X753

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