本文關(guān)鍵詞：撫河和昌江流域水環(huán)境中多環(huán)芳烴污染特征與源解析研究　出處：《南昌大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 多環(huán)芳烴 污染特征 源解析 撫河 昌江

【摘要】：多環(huán)芳烴(PAHs, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons)是持久性有機(jī)污染物(POPs, Persistent Organic Pollutants)的一類,廣泛存在于各種環(huán)境介質(zhì)中,具有三致性(致癌、致畸、致突變),美國(guó)EPA將其中16種PAHs列為優(yōu)先控制的環(huán)境污染物。本文對(duì)撫河和昌江流域水環(huán)境中17個(gè)采樣點(diǎn)的16種PAHs進(jìn)行檢測(cè),探討其污染特征、分布情況,并初步判斷污染來源。主要研究結(jié)果包括：1、撫河流域水體、懸浮物和表層沉積物中∑PAHs的含量范圍分別為：232.88～741.72ng·g-1、637.73～5807.63ng·g-1、567.96-～7335.3l1ng·g-1,平均值分別為491.53 ng·g-1、1737.81ng·g-1、3633.19 ng·g-1.昌江流域三相中∑PAHs的含量范圍分別：200.40～673.50ng·g-1、1407.38～24555.67ng·g-1、1112.90～44311ng·g-1,平均值分別為429.82 ng·g-1、5261.49ng·g-1、12455.75ng·g-1。撫河和昌江流域水環(huán)境中∑PAHs含量普遍要高于國(guó)外一些流域,在國(guó)內(nèi)河流中居于中等水平。2、撫河和昌江流域水環(huán)境中菲(Phe)含量最高,不同的環(huán)境介質(zhì)對(duì)于不同環(huán)數(shù)的PAHs呈現(xiàn)出一定的變化規(guī)律。撫河和昌江流域沉積物中的PAHs含量要大大高于水中的含量。相關(guān)性分析表明,撫河和昌江流域水環(huán)境中高分子量PAHs之間存在顯著性相關(guān),低分子量PAHs之間相關(guān)性較弱。三相中PAHs之間及其與苯并[a]芘(BaP)的相關(guān)性分析顯示,懸浮物和沉積物中的PAHs具有顯著的相關(guān)性,且懸浮物和沉積物中的BaP與PAHs也具有顯著的相關(guān)性。3、撫河和昌江流域水體、懸浮物和沉積物中常規(guī)理化參數(shù)與PAHs的相關(guān)性分析表明：水體中pH值、溶解氧與∑PAHs含量不存在相關(guān)性；懸浮物PAHs與懸浮物濃度也基本不存在相關(guān)性；沉積物的pH值和總PAHs的濃度之間沒有明顯的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系,沉積物中TOC與PAHs總量的相關(guān)性不顯著。4、本文運(yùn)用ECWC/HHCWO比值,對(duì)水樣中8種PAHs進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià),結(jié)果表明：撫河和昌江流域水體中苯并(a)芘、二苯并(a,h)蒽以及茚并(1,2,3-cd)芘對(duì)沿岸居民的健康和周圍的生態(tài)環(huán)境存在一定的負(fù)面生態(tài)影響。運(yùn)用生態(tài)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)低值(ERL)和中值(ERM),判定撫河和昌江流域懸浮物和沉積物部分采樣點(diǎn)中PAHs的總量存在明顯超標(biāo),對(duì)周圍的生態(tài)環(huán)境產(chǎn)生一定的負(fù)面效應(yīng),需要引起有關(guān)部門的重視。5、利用同分異構(gòu)體Bap/BghiP、BaA/(BaA+Chr)、BaA/Chr、Flu/(Flu+Pyr)、 Flu/Pyr、An/(An+Phe)和Phe/An等特征比值對(duì)撫河和昌江流域水環(huán)境中PAHs進(jìn)行了定性源解析。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)撫河流域水體中PAHs主要是燃燒來源和交通污染的產(chǎn)物；昌江流域可能是交通燃料的高溫燃燒。撫河流域懸浮物中PAHs表現(xiàn)出混合來源的特征,包括石油污染,交通源、焚燒源,汽油燃燒以及木材和煤的燃燒；昌江流域懸浮物中PAHs主要來源于交通源、石油源以及森林、樹木和煤炭燃燒的高溫?zé)峤饣旌蟻碓�。撫河流域沉積物中PAHs的污染源指向石油類污染；昌江流域沉積物中PAHs主要來自化石燃料的高溫燃熱解。利用因子分析法對(duì)撫河和昌江流域懸浮物和沉積物中PAHs進(jìn)行源解析,結(jié)果與比值法基本一致。
[Abstract]:Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs Polycyclic, Aromatic Hydrocarbons) are persistent organic pollutants (POPs, Persistent Organic Pollutants) a class of widely exist in various environmental media, with three consistency (carcinogenic, teratogenic, mutagenic), EPA will be one of 16 kinds of PAHs priority control pollutants. In this paper, detection on the water environment of Fuhe River and Changjiang River Basin in 17 samples of 16 kinds of PAHs, to investigate its pollution characteristics, distribution, and determine the initial source of pollution. The main results include: 1, water of Fuhe River Basin, the content range of suspended solids and sediments are as follows: 232.88 Sigma PAHs ~ g-1637.73 ~ 741.72ng. 5807.63ng - g-1567.96- - 7335.3l1ng - g-1, respectively. The content range of 491.53 ng - g-11737.81ng - g-13633.19 - ng - g-1. in the Changjiang River Basin are: 200.40 Sigma PAHs ~ 673.50ng, g-11407.38 ~ 245 55.67ng - g-11112.90 - 44311ng - g-1, the average value was 429.82 ng - g-15261.49ng - g-112455.75ng - g-1. of Fuhe River and Changjiang River Basin water environment PAHs content is generally higher than that of some foreign river, in the middle level of.2 in the domestic water environment in river, Fuhe River and Changjiang River Basin in the Philippines (Phe) was the highest, PAHs different media for different rings appear certain regularity. The content of PAHs in the sediments of Fu Kawa Masako basin is much higher than that of water. The correlation analysis showed that there was a significant correlation between the molecular weight of water environment in Fuhe River and Changjiang River Basin in PAHs between the low molecular weight PAHs weak correlation. Between PAHs and three with benzo [a] pyrene (BaP) the correlation analysis showed that the suspended sediment in PAHs has a significant correlation, and BaP and PAHs in suspended solids and sediments is also significant The correlation between.3 and water of Fuhe River and Changjiang River Basin, correlation analysis in suspended solids and sediments of physicochemical parameters and PAHs show that the pH value of water, dissolved oxygen and sigma PAHs content has no correlation; PAHs and suspended solids concentration of suspended matter is there is no correlation; no obvious corresponding relationship between sediment concentration of pH the total PAHs value and the correlation between TOC and total PAHs in sediments was not significant.4, the ratio of ECWC/HHCWO, evaluation of 8 kinds of PAHs in water samples and the results show that the benzene water of Fuhe River and Changjiang River Basin (a) pyrene, benzo two (a, H) anthracene and Indeno (1,2,3-cd) there are some negative impacts on ecological environment of pyrene on the health of coastal residents and the surrounding ecological risk. The use of low value (ERL) and median (ERM), to determine the total Fu River and Changjiang River Suspended Sediment in some sampling points in the presence of PAHs to significantly exceed the standard. The surrounding environment have certain negative effects, to arouse the attention of the relevant departments of.5, the isomer of Bap/BghiP, BaA/ (BaA+Chr), BaA/Chr, Flu/ (Flu+Pyr), Flu/Pyr, An/ (An+Phe) and Phe/An of the ratio of the qualitative analysis of the PAHs source of water environment in Fuhe River and Changjiang River basin. The study found that PAHs in the water of Fuhe River Basin is mainly from combustion sources and traffic pollution; Changjiang River basin may be the high temperature combustion of fuel transportation. PAHs suspensions of Fuhe River Basin shows the characteristics of mixed sources, including oil pollution, traffic source, burning source, gasoline combustion and combustion of wood and coal; PAHs suspension in the Changjiang River Basin mainly originates from the traffic source, oil source and high temperature pyrolysis of mixed forests, trees and sources of coal combustion. The sources of PAHs in sediments of Fuhe River basin to oil pollution; Chang River Sediments PA High temperature Hs mainly from fossil fuels pyrolysis. Source apportionment of PAHs in Fuhe River and Changjiang River Basin in suspended solids and sediments by using factor analysis method, the results are basically consistent with the ratio method.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：南昌大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X52

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本文編號(hào)：1374746