本文關(guān)鍵詞：新型緩釋碳源濾料的制備及其應(yīng)用研究　出處：《北京工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 新型緩釋碳源濾料 反硝化脫氮 水解酸化 高通量測序

【摘要】：城鎮(zhèn)污水廠尾水中硝酸鹽氮的濃度較高,污水回用前未經(jīng)有效脫氮,會對城市景觀綠化、道路灑水、河湖補(bǔ)給等再生水回用帶來安全隱患。因此,污水深度脫氮成為目前再生水回用的關(guān)鍵問題。由于尾水中的C/N較低,再生水深度脫氮往往需外加碳源,傳統(tǒng)液體碳源存在投加量不易控制,造成二次污染和脫氮不完全等問題,近年來制備性能優(yōu)越、價格低廉的固相緩釋碳源成為替代傳統(tǒng)碳源的研究方向。本研究為了提高傳統(tǒng)淀粉/聚乙烯醇(PVA)緩釋碳源的反硝化速率,并有效控制碳源的釋放速率、延長碳源使用周期,采用添加醋酸酯淀粉、疏水性乳化劑(SPAN80)以及內(nèi)外部碳源相包裹、表層硼酸交聯(lián)等方法,制備了新型緩釋碳源,通過釋碳和脫氮試驗考察了緩釋碳源的最佳材料配比、碳源釋放規(guī)律以及脫氮工藝的運(yùn)行特性,并通過高通量測序技術(shù)分析了脫氮工藝系統(tǒng)中的微生物群落結(jié)構(gòu)。具體的研究結(jié)果如下:采用內(nèi)、外部碳源相包裹,并輔以少量(5%)乳化劑(SPAN80)和硼酸交聯(lián)等制備方法能有效地控制釋碳速率,單位質(zhì)量新型緩釋碳源的釋碳速率為0.034mg/(g·h);同時也提高了淀粉在緩釋碳源中的比例(58.2%),有利于延長碳源使用周期;醋酸酯淀粉/PVA共混體系的反硝化速率比普通淀粉/PVA共混體系高5倍以上,新型緩釋碳源的內(nèi)部碳源制備采用醋酸酯淀粉/PVA共混體系,可提高整體緩釋碳源的品質(zhì)。在新型緩釋碳源的外部碳源中添加一定比例的硫磺粉,能夠制備出機(jī)械強(qiáng)度高和使用周期長的新型緩釋碳源濾料,利用該緩釋碳源濾料填充反硝化濾柱,對含硝酸鹽的配水進(jìn)行脫氮處理工藝研究,取得理想的脫氮效果,進(jìn)水硝態(tài)氮在22~38mg/L時,其去除率可達(dá)100%;反硝化系統(tǒng)中碳源釋放與利用基本平衡,出水COD穩(wěn)定(平均21.54mg/L);系統(tǒng)對進(jìn)水水量、水質(zhì)的波動具有一定的適應(yīng)能力,硝態(tài)氮去除負(fù)荷會自主響應(yīng)進(jìn)水水量、水質(zhì)的波動,當(dāng)停留時間為0.5h時,反應(yīng)器的最高脫氮負(fù)荷達(dá)12.11mg/(L·h);該反硝化系統(tǒng)由于碳源水解酸化作用存在,能夠中和反硝化所產(chǎn)生的堿度,出水p H穩(wěn)定在中性范圍(平均7.22);在反硝化系統(tǒng)碳源充足時,硫磺粉的自養(yǎng)反硝化作用不明顯,進(jìn)出水SO42-增量僅為0.05mg/L。新型緩釋碳源濾料脫氮系統(tǒng)中主要微生物菌門為proteobacteria(變形菌門)、Bacteroidetes(擬桿菌門)和Firmicutes(厚壁菌門),三者相加所占微生物總量的比例大于90%;起反硝化作用的菌屬均從屬于proteobacteria(變形菌門),各菌屬有:Dechloromonas、Zoogloea、Hydrogenophaga、Thauera、Sulfurospirillum、Pseudomonas、Sulfurimonas,以異養(yǎng)反硝化為主,同時存在硫自養(yǎng)反硝化和氫自養(yǎng)反硝化(氫自養(yǎng)反硝化的存在是因為碳源的水解酸化產(chǎn)生了CH4、H2等小分子物質(zhì))。而Bacteroidetes(擬桿菌門)和Firmicutes(厚壁菌門)主要起水解酸化緩釋碳源的作用。本研究在緩釋碳源材料選擇、配比以及制備方法方面具有新穎性,制備出的新型緩釋碳源濾料具有良好的脫氮性能和合理的脫氮成本;同時從微生物層面解析了新型緩釋碳源濾料脫氮功能實現(xiàn)的內(nèi)在規(guī)律。研究結(jié)果對于提高污水廠尾水深度脫氮技術(shù)水平具有一定的應(yīng)用價值和指導(dǎo)作用。
[Abstract]:High concentration of municipal sewage plant effluent nitrate nitrogen in water and wastewater reuse before effective nitrogen removal, the city landscape greening, road watering, with hidden dangers to rivers and lakes supply of reclaimed water. Therefore, wastewater nitrogen removal has become a key issue of reclaimed water. From the tail water C/N low reclaimed water depth nitrogen often need additional carbon source of traditional liquid carbon source dosage is not easy to control, two pollution caused by nitrogen and incomplete, in recent years for superior performance, solid carbon source low price has become a research direction to replace the traditional carbon source. In this study, in order to to improve the traditional starch / polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) denitrification carbon source, and effectively control the release rate of the carbon source, prolong the service cycle of carbon source, by adding starch acetate, hydrophobic emulsifier (SPAN80) and the internal and external carbon source coating, surface to boric acid With the method, the new carbon source was prepared by carbon and nitrogen removal were investigated in the best material carbon source, carbon source and the operation characteristics of releasing regularity of nitrogen removal process, and through the high-throughput sequencing analysis and microbial community structure of nitrogen removal in the system. The results are as follows by using internal, external carbon source coating, supplemented with (5%) emulsifier (SPAN80) and boric acid crosslinking preparation method can effectively control the release rate of carbon, carbon release rate per unit mass of new carbon source for 0.034mg/ (g, H); at the same time also increased in carbon source in starch the proportion (58.2%), to extend the life cycle of carbon source; denitrification rate of acetate starch /PVA blends than ordinary starch blends of /PVA more than 5 times, the internal carbon source and new carbon source were prepared using acetate starch /PVA blends, can improve the overall Carbon source quality. Adding a certain proportion in the external carbon source of new carbon source in the sulfur powder can be prepared with high mechanical strength and long life cycle of the new carbon source material, filling denitrification filter column using the carbon source material, water containing nitrate nitrogen removal study on the nitrogen removal process, achieve the ideal, influent nitrate nitrogen at 22~38mg/L, the removal rate could reach 100%; carbon source denitrification system release and utilization of basic balance, stable effluent COD (average 21.54mg/L); system of water quantity, water quality fluctuation has a certain ability to adapt to the nitrate nitrogen removal load independent response to the fluctuation of water quality, water quantity, when the residence time is 0.5h, the highest nitrogen removal load of 12.11mg/ reactor (L - H); the denitrification system due to the presence of carbon source hydrolysis acidification, denitrification and alkalinity can produce water, P H Stable in neutral range (average 7.22); in the denitrification system abundant carbon source, sulfur autotrophic denitrification is not obvious, and out of the water SO42- growth of only 0.05mg/L. new carbon source material and main microbial nitrogen door system for Proteobacteria (Proteobacteria), Bacteroidetes (Bacteroidetes) and Firmicutes (Firmicutes), three sets of the total of microorganisms ratio greater than 90%; from denitrification bacteria from belonging to Proteobacteria (Proteobacteria), the genus: Dechloromonas, Zoogloea, Hydrogenophaga, Thauera, Sulfurospirillum, Pseudomonas, Sulfurimonas, with heterotrophic denitrification, and sulfur autotrophic denitrification and hydrogen autotrophic denitrification (hydrogen autotrophic denitrification exists because of hydrolysis and acidification of carbon source in the CH4, H2 and other small molecules). And Bacteroidetes (Bacteroidetes) and Firmicutes (Firmicutes) mainly Hydrolysis acidification release carbon source. This study on carbon source materials, novel formula and preparation method, preparation of a new type of carbon source nitrogen removal filter has good performance and reasonable cost at the same time from microbial denitrification; analyzes the inherent law of the new slow release carbon source material removal to realize the function of nitrogen. The results have certain application value for improving the level of nitrogen removal and guidance technology of tail water sewage factory.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X703

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

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本文編號：1358745