本文關(guān)鍵詞：北京市大氣污染物排放清單的建立及對(duì)霧霾天氣的初步研究　出處：《北京交通大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 源清單 霧霾 AERMOD模型 PM_(2.5)火電廠 機(jī)動(dòng)車

【摘要】：近年來(lái),北京地區(qū)霧霾天氣頻發(fā),已經(jīng)使其成為國(guó)內(nèi)霧霾污染最嚴(yán)重的地區(qū)之一,確定大氣污染物排放對(duì)霧霾天氣的影響成為研究霧霾的最主要工作之一。本文在總結(jié)分析國(guó)內(nèi)外關(guān)于大氣污染源排放清單的基礎(chǔ)上,采用排放因子法,結(jié)合北京市2013年不同行業(yè)的能源消耗量,建立了北京市大氣污染源排放清單。運(yùn)用AERMOD擴(kuò)散模型對(duì)機(jī)動(dòng)車、火電廠污染物排放在北京市區(qū)范圍內(nèi)的擴(kuò)散進(jìn)行了模擬,并結(jié)合2014年北京市各監(jiān)測(cè)點(diǎn)污染物濃度的監(jiān)測(cè)結(jié)果,對(duì)霧霾天氣進(jìn)行了初步研究。 北京市2013年大氣污染物排放清單結(jié)果表明：污染物NOx、SO2、VOCs、 CO、PM10和PM2.5的排放量分別為207182.7噸、109821.1噸、235131.87噸、483710.1噸、33585.7噸和20379.0噸。機(jī)動(dòng)車是NOx、VOCs、CO、PM10、PM2.5的主要排放源,其貢獻(xiàn)率分別為42.98%、99.05%、82.73%、39.38%和53.71%�；痣姀S是SO2的主要排放源,占了排放總量的50.16%。 通過(guò)對(duì)各監(jiān)測(cè)點(diǎn)污染物監(jiān)測(cè)結(jié)果統(tǒng)計(jì)分析,分析了北京市霧霾天氣發(fā)生的概率,研究了各污染物的時(shí)間變化趨勢(shì)和在霧霾天氣下的相關(guān)性,討論了氣象因子對(duì)PM2.5濃度的影響。結(jié)果表明：冬季、春季,是霧霾發(fā)生概率較高的季節(jié);各污染物濃度有著明顯的季節(jié)變化,除O3外,所有監(jiān)測(cè)的污染物在冬季濃度較高；PM2.5濃度與相對(duì)濕度成正相關(guān),風(fēng)速成負(fù)相關(guān)。 在北京市大氣污染物排放清單的基礎(chǔ)上,運(yùn)用AERMOD擴(kuò)散模型模擬了機(jī)動(dòng)車、火電廠污染物排放在北京市區(qū)范圍內(nèi)的擴(kuò)散。結(jié)果表明：在相同氣象條件下,機(jī)動(dòng)車NOx、PM2.5的擴(kuò)散濃度高于火電廠�；痣姀S和機(jī)動(dòng)車所排放污染物的擴(kuò)散濃度隨氣象條件變化而變化,并與實(shí)際監(jiān)測(cè)濃度變化趨勢(shì)一致�；痣姀S、機(jī)動(dòng)車排放的部分NOx、SO2通過(guò)二次轉(zhuǎn)化形成PM2.5,一次和二次PM2.5的擴(kuò)散濃度之和占到監(jiān)測(cè)值的25%和40%。
[Abstract]:In recent years, frequent fog and haze in Beijing, which has become one of the most serious domestic haze pollution area, atmospheric pollutant emissions impact on the haze weather has become one of the most important work of haze. This paper summarizes and analyzes the domestic and foreign on air pollutant emission inventory on the basis of the emission factor method, combined with the consumption different industries in Beijing city in 2013 energy, the establishment of Beijing City air pollutant emission inventory. Using the AERMOD diffusion model of motor vehicle, the diffusion of thermal power plant emissions in Beijing urban area were simulated, and combined with the monitoring results of pollutant concentration monitoring in Beijing city in 2014, the fog and haze were studied.
Beijing City air pollutant emission inventory in 2013 showed that SO2, VOCs, and the NOx, CO, PM10 and PM2.5 emissions were 207182.7 tons, 109821.1 tons, 235131.87 tons, 483710.1 tons, 33585.7 tons and 20379 tons. The vehicles are NOx, VOCs, CO, PM10, PM2.5 of the main emission sources, their contribution rates were 42.98%, 99.05%, 82.73%, 39.38% and 53.71%. thermal power plant is the main source of SO2 emission, accounting for the total emissions of 50.16%.
Through the monitoring results of the monitoring points of pollutants statistical analysis, analysis of the probability of occurrence of haze weather in Beijing City, and studied the change trend of the pollutant in the fog and haze and correlation, the effect of meteorological factors on the concentration of PM2.5 is discussed. Results show that: in winter, spring season, the probability of occurrence of haze is higher in each season; the concentration of pollutants have obvious seasonal changes, except for O3, all the monitoring of pollutants in the winter high concentration; the concentration of PM2.5 was positively correlated with relative humidity and wind speed are negatively correlated.
Based on the atmospheric pollutant emission inventory in Beijing City, using the vehicle simulation model of AERMOD diffusion, the diffusion of thermal power plant emissions in Beijing urban area. The results show that under the same meteorological conditions, vehicle NOx, PM2.5 higher than the diffusion concentration of thermal power plant. The power plant and the concentration of vehicle emission pollutants varies with the weather conditions change, and with the actual monitoring concentration changes. The thermal power plant, part of the NOx vehicle emissions by two, SO2 transformed into PM2.5, and a two PM2.5 concentration and monitoring value accounted for 25% and 40%.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X51

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本文編號(hào)：1357496