【摘要】：化石燃料儲量有限且不可再生,同時(shí)給人類居住環(huán)境帶來了嚴(yán)重污染,人們逐漸認(rèn)識到必須加速開發(fā)利用清潔的可再生能源。生物質(zhì)資源豐富,是重要的可再生能源,而氫能是一種理想的新型含能體能源,利用生物質(zhì)制氫是極具吸引力的緩解能源問題的方法。清華大學(xué)提出了一種生物質(zhì)氣化催化變換制氫工藝,為驗(yàn)證其可行性,本文通過設(shè)計(jì)、加工、安裝、調(diào)試和改造,形成了具備工藝生產(chǎn)條件的生物質(zhì)氣化制氫中試系統(tǒng),并進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)。中試實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,中試系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)了全流程物料質(zhì)量平衡。裂解工序顯著提高了單位產(chǎn)氣量和最大產(chǎn)氣速率,6%鎳基負(fù)載改性橄欖石脫焦效果良好,能有效增加產(chǎn)氣量和提高產(chǎn)氫率。脫硫工序中采用ZnO精脫硫劑,將生物質(zhì)氣化合成氣中H2S濃度由約20ppm降到了0.1ppm以下。另外,本文著眼生物質(zhì)氣化合成氣脫硫?qū)嶒?yàn)的部分開展研究。在小試脫硫?qū)嶒?yàn)臺上,用H2、CO2、H2S、CO、N2等配氣模擬生物質(zhì)氣化合成氣,采用ZnO脫硫劑,在不同溫度(200℃、300℃、370℃和430℃)、不同空速(1000h-1、2000h-1和3000h-1)下進(jìn)行脫硫反應(yīng),經(jīng)過脫硫后的出口氣體用FPD(Flame Photometric Detector)測定其中H2S的含量。小試實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,ZnO脫硫劑的理想脫硫溫度為370℃,可達(dá)到0.1ppm以下的脫硫精度要求。隨著空速增大,ZnO脫硫劑的穿透時(shí)間減少。在溫度370℃和空速2000h-1的條件下,ZnO脫硫劑可將H2S濃度從190ppm降至0.1ppm以下,穿透時(shí)間為10.5h,此條件下脫硫效果較為理想,繼續(xù)降低空速可延長穿透時(shí)間。本文的研究成果可為生物質(zhì)氣化催化變換制氫工藝提供借鑒和參考。
[Abstract]:Because of the limited and non-renewable fossil fuel reserves and the serious pollution to the human living environment, people have come to realize that it is necessary to accelerate the development and utilization of clean renewable energy. Biomass is rich in resources and is an important renewable energy. Hydrogen energy is an ideal new energy source. Hydrogen production from biomass is an attractive way to alleviate energy problems. A biomass gasification catalytic shift hydrogen production process was proposed by Tsinghua University. In order to verify its feasibility, a pilot scale hydrogen production system based on biomass gasification was formed through design, processing, installation, commissioning and modification. Experiments were carried out. The results of the pilot test show that the whole process material quality balance is realized in the pilot system. The pyrolysis process significantly increased the unit gas production and the maximum gas production rate. The decoking effect of 6% nickel supported modified olivine was good, and the gas production and hydrogen production rate could be increased effectively. In the desulfurization process, the concentration of H _ 2S in biomass gasification syngas was reduced from about 20ppm to below 0.1ppm by using ZnO fine desulfurizer. In addition, the part of desulfurization experiment of biomass gasification syngas is studied in this paper. In this paper, the biomass gasification syngas was simulated with H _ 2CO _ 2CO _ 2H _ 2SCO _ 2 and N _ 2 on the experimental bench of small scale desulfurization. ZnO desulfurizer was used at different temperatures (200 鈩，

本文編號：2371846