石化行業(yè)人因可靠性分析及其在LOPA中的應用研究
[Abstract]:Human unsafe behavior is one of the main factors leading to accidents in petrochemical enterprises. With the continuous progress of process industrial safety evaluation, more and more standards and risk analysis guidelines emphasize the importance of human factor analysis. The demand of human factor analysis is put forward, so it is of great significance to the research of human factor reliability analysis in petrochemical industry. However, at present, the application of human factor reliability analysis in petrochemical field is not common in China. This paper discusses the process and model of quantitative human factor analysis in petrochemical industry based on LOPA thought, and successfully applies it to other IPL validity calculation. This paper first puts forward the demand of human factor analysis in LOPA, analyzes the characteristics of petrochemical industry operation, determines the factors affecting human factor reliability, and puts forward the root cause analysis model of human factor error. It provides a theoretical model and scientific basis for reducing human error. Then the operator operations are classified into two categories: field operation and central control room operation. On the basis of fully considering the advantages and disadvantages of the existing HRA model, the methods of human factor analysis in the two types of operations are determined, and the basic law of CREAM is improved. The fuzzy theory is introduced into the basic law, the HEART method is optimized, the general task list of petrochemical industry is defined, the HCR method is perfected, the process of determining cognitive behavior based on AHP method is explained, and the correction factor and correction coefficient are increased. It makes them more suitable for the quantitative calculation of human reliability in petrochemical industry, and also makes the calculation results more accurate. Finally, taking the effectiveness calculation of the fire gas system as an application case, the personnel intervention mode in the operation process of the fire gas system is elaborated in detail, and the overall effectiveness of the fire gas system is reduced to three aspects. A model of mitigation system effectiveness based on process safety time effect is proposed, and then the overall effectiveness model of fire gas system is obtained, and the overall effectiveness of fire gas system under personnel intervention is calculated. In a word, this paper has a preliminary discussion on the human factor analysis in petrochemical industry, which lays a foundation for the human factor analysis based on the characteristics of the industry in the future, and has strong practical engineering significance. At the same time, the idea of HRA optimization proposed in this paper also has some reference significance for other industries.
【學位授予單位】:中國石油大學(華東)
【學位級別】:碩士
【學位授予年份】:2015
【分類號】:TE65;TQ086
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