本文選題：超重力 + 旋轉(zhuǎn)填料床　； 參考：《中北大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：超重力旋轉(zhuǎn)填料床是一種高效傳質(zhì)和反應(yīng)設(shè)備。超重力填料是決定其氣液傳質(zhì)效果的核心部件。在除塵等含雜質(zhì)較多的化工過(guò)程中,傳統(tǒng)絲網(wǎng)和散裝填料極易出現(xiàn)填料堵塞和填裝不均等現(xiàn)象,由此造成了氣相阻力增大、設(shè)備動(dòng)平衡差和氣液分布不均勻等問題,對(duì)設(shè)備的長(zhǎng)期、高效和穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行均有不利影響。為此,本文設(shè)計(jì)和開發(fā)了一種錯(cuò)流大通道規(guī)整板式填料,通過(guò)減小轉(zhuǎn)子直徑來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)大氣量處理,將多孔隙填料改為多孔大通道板式填料,同時(shí)具有防堵和動(dòng)平衡穩(wěn)定等優(yōu)點(diǎn),實(shí)現(xiàn)低壓降高傳質(zhì)特性。首先利用CFD技術(shù)研究了板式填料對(duì)流體的作用規(guī)律。研究表明,新型板式填料的安裝方式(板尺度、板傾角和夾角)均對(duì)流體運(yùn)動(dòng)產(chǎn)生影響,對(duì)氣相具有擾動(dòng)作用,可延長(zhǎng)氣相停留時(shí)間;對(duì)液相具有成膜效果和霧化作用。以上機(jī)制均有利于氣液混合性能的提高和傳質(zhì)過(guò)程的強(qiáng)化。以空氣-水為實(shí)驗(yàn)體系,對(duì)新型板式旋轉(zhuǎn)填料床的壓降性能進(jìn)行研究,采用單因素實(shí)驗(yàn)和正交實(shí)驗(yàn)方法,考察轉(zhuǎn)速N、液量L、氣量G、周向板數(shù)N1和徑向板數(shù)N2對(duì)新型板式填料壓降性能的影響。結(jié)果表明,新型板式旋轉(zhuǎn)填料床具有低壓降特性(25~275Pa);壓降值隨著各個(gè)因素增大而增大,當(dāng)徑向板數(shù)為4,周向板數(shù)為5時(shí),壓降變化出現(xiàn)拐點(diǎn),后趨勢(shì)平緩;正交實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明氣量G是影響壓降最重要的因素,壓降隨氣量G呈拋物線型增長(zhǎng),轉(zhuǎn)速N和液量L對(duì)壓降影響較小,徑向板和周向板間存在有交互作用。與不同文獻(xiàn)對(duì)比,新型板式填料壓降低于逆流分層式和折流式分別為91.25~93.75%和84.28~91.67%,表現(xiàn)出較優(yōu)的壓降性能。以NaOH-CO2為實(shí)驗(yàn)體系,對(duì)新型板式旋轉(zhuǎn)填料床的傳質(zhì)性能進(jìn)行研究,采用單因素實(shí)驗(yàn)和正交實(shí)驗(yàn)方法,考察轉(zhuǎn)速N、液量L、氣量G、周向板數(shù)N1和徑向板數(shù)N2對(duì)新型板式填料傳質(zhì)性能的影響。結(jié)果表明,新型板式旋轉(zhuǎn)填料床一定程度上強(qiáng)化了傳質(zhì)效果,kLa最大值可達(dá)4.3s-1,且kLa均隨參數(shù)的增大而增大;正交實(shí)驗(yàn)表明各個(gè)參數(shù)對(duì)kLa影響較為接近,且徑向板數(shù)影響最大,表明在徑向板對(duì)液相的霧化剪切作用在傳質(zhì)過(guò)程中發(fā)揮了重要作用,徑向板和周向板存在交互作用,以板組合形式影響填料床傳質(zhì)性能。與不同文獻(xiàn)對(duì)比,新型板式填料傳質(zhì)系數(shù)高于分層式旋轉(zhuǎn)填料約70.4%~88.1%,高于錯(cuò)流多級(jí)離心霧化填料約89.5%~95.0%,一定范圍內(nèi)表現(xiàn)出了優(yōu)良的傳質(zhì)性能。對(duì)超重力環(huán)境下新型板式填料、鮑爾環(huán)填料和絲網(wǎng)填料的傳質(zhì)及壓降性能進(jìn)行了對(duì)比實(shí)驗(yàn)研究。結(jié)果表明,相同操作條件下,絲網(wǎng)填料床傳質(zhì)性能最優(yōu),絲網(wǎng)填料床傳質(zhì)性能比新型板式填料床傳質(zhì)性能平均高出0.14~0.38,新型板式填料床與鮑爾環(huán)填料床傳質(zhì)性能接近,平均相差0~15%;相同操作條件下,壓降對(duì)比實(shí)驗(yàn)顯示絲網(wǎng)填料床壓降值鮑爾環(huán)填料床壓降值新型板式填料床壓降值,絲網(wǎng)填料床壓降值是新型板式填料床壓降值約0.45~1.2倍,損失一定傳質(zhì)效能的情況下,可以實(shí)現(xiàn)低壓降。最后,對(duì)新型板式填料床進(jìn)行了脫除硫化氫和除塵實(shí)際應(yīng)用研究,結(jié)果表明在相同條件下,新型板式旋轉(zhuǎn)填料床的脫硫率為85%~94.2%,粉塵去除率為89.3%~95.3%,基本滿足了一般的工業(yè)需求,具有廣泛的通用性。
[Abstract]:The super gravity rotating packed bed is a kind of high efficient mass transfer and reaction equipment. The super gravity filler is the core component determining the effect of gas and liquid mass transfer. In the chemical process, such as dust removal and so on, the traditional screen and bulk packing are easily blocked and unevenly filled, resulting in the increase of the gas phase resistance and the poor dynamic balance of the equipment. The problem of uneven distribution of gas and liquid has adverse effects on the long-term, efficient and stable operation of the equipment. Therefore, this paper designs and develops a kind of large channel regular plate packing with large passages by reducing the diameter of the rotor to achieve large air volume treatment. The multi pore packing is changed into a porous and large channel plate type filler, and it has the anti blocking and dynamic balance stability at the same time. The mass transfer characteristics of low pressure drop are realized. First, CFD technology is used to study the effect of plate packing on fluid. The study shows that the installation mode of the new plate type packing (plate scale, dip angle and angle) has influence on the fluid movement, and the gas phase can be extended to prolong the gas phase residence time, and the liquid phase has a film forming effect. The above mechanism is beneficial to the improvement of gas and liquid mixing performance and the enhancement of mass transfer process. The pressure drop performance of the new type plate type rotating packed bed is studied with air water as the experimental system. The single factor experiment and orthogonal experimental method are used to investigate the speed N, the liquid quantity L, the gas amount G, the circumferential plate number N1 and the radial plate number N2 to the new type plate type. The results show that the pressure drop characteristic (25~275Pa) of the new type plate type rotating packed bed has a low pressure drop characteristic (25~275Pa). The pressure drop value increases with the increase of various factors. When the number of radial plates is 4 and the number of circumferential plates is 5, the pressure drop varies with the turning point and the trend is slow. The orthogonal experimental results show that the air volume G is the most important factor affecting the pressure drop, and the pressure drop follows the pressure drop. The air volume G has a parabolic growth, the speed N and the liquid amount L have little influence on the pressure drop, and there is interaction between the radial plate and the circumferential plate. Compared with the different literature, the pressure drop of the new type plate type packing is lower than the counter current stratification type and the baffle type is 91.25~93.75% and 84.28~91.67% respectively. The performance of the pressure drop is better than that of the counter current. The experimental system of NaOH-CO2 is a new model. The mass transfer performance of the plate type rotating packed bed was studied. The effects of rotational speed N, liquid volume L, gas volume G, the number of circumferential plate number N1 and radial plate number N2 on mass transfer performance of the new type plate filler were investigated by single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment. The results showed that the new type plate type rotating packed bed strengthened the mass transfer effect to a certain extent, and the maximum value of kLa could reach 4.3s-1, And kLa increases with the increase of the parameters, and the orthogonal experiment shows that the influence of the parameters on the kLa is close, and the number of radial plates has the greatest influence. It shows that the atomization shear action of the radial plate plays an important role in the mass transfer process, and the radial plate and the circumferential plate have interaction, and the mass transfer performance of the packed bed is affected by the plate combination. Compared with different literature, the mass transfer coefficient of the new type plate type filler is higher than 70.4%~88.1%, which is higher than 89.5%~95.0% for the multistage centrifugal atomizing filler. The mass transfer performance is excellent within a certain range. The mass transfer and pressure drop performance of the new type packing, Bauer ring packing and screen filler in the super gravity environment are carried out. The results show that under the same operating conditions, the mass transfer performance of the screen packed bed is the best, the mass transfer performance of the screen packed bed is 0.14~0.38 higher than that of the new type plate packed bed, and the mass transfer performance of the new plate packed bed and the Bauer ring packed bed is close to 0~ 15%; under the same operating conditions, the pressure drop comparison experimental display wire The pressure drop value of the pressure drop value of the packing bed of the mesh packing bed is the pressure drop value of the new plate packed bed with the pressure drop value of the Bauer ring packing bed. The pressure drop value of the screen packed bed is about 0.45~1.2 times of the pressure drop of the new type packing bed, and the low pressure drop can be achieved under the condition of a certain mass transfer efficiency. Finally, the practical application of the removal of hydrogen sulfide and dust removal is carried out on the new type of plate packed bed. It shows that under the same conditions, the desulphurization rate of the new type plate type rotating packed bed is 85%~94.2% and the dust removal rate is 89.3%~95.3%, which basically meets the general industrial demand and has extensive generality.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TQ051.1

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