本文選題：化工管道系統(tǒng) + 管材　； 參考：《清華大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：工程建設(shè)活動(dòng)伴隨著人類社會(huì)的發(fā)展。工程建設(shè)為人們的生產(chǎn)、生活提供了方便條件,促進(jìn)了經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展。同時(shí)在工程建筑過程中也消耗了大量的資源、能源,也帶來了許多的環(huán)境問題。如不斷加劇的大氣、水體以及土壤污染等,這些問題已經(jīng)威脅到了人類的生存和發(fā)展。因此,在進(jìn)行工程建設(shè)時(shí),不但要考慮這些活動(dòng)對(duì)當(dāng)前環(huán)境的影響,還要從全生命周期的角度分析對(duì)環(huán)境造成影響的各種因素,這樣才能有效的提出改進(jìn)方法,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展。本研究以化工工程中的管道系統(tǒng)為研究對(duì)象。按照生命周期評(píng)價(jià)方法的技術(shù)框架,將管道系統(tǒng)劃分為不同的生命周期階段,對(duì)每一階段的能耗和環(huán)境污染物排放情況進(jìn)行分析,并根據(jù)評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果提出各個(gè)階段減少環(huán)境排放的優(yōu)化建議。首先,結(jié)合論文研究的背景,綜述了生命周期評(píng)價(jià)方法的基本理論和當(dāng)前國內(nèi)外相關(guān)研究的進(jìn)展。在此基礎(chǔ)上,根據(jù)化工管道系統(tǒng)的特點(diǎn),按定義的目標(biāo)范圍,將其整個(gè)生命周期劃分為設(shè)計(jì)、管材生產(chǎn)加工、施工、系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行、報(bào)廢拆除等五個(gè)階段,分析每一階段的能耗和環(huán)境影響因素。建立化工管道系統(tǒng)生命周期評(píng)價(jià)技術(shù)框架。其次,以具體工程項(xiàng)目為例,選擇四種主要的管材進(jìn)行清單分析,通過數(shù)據(jù)處理,得到管道系統(tǒng)各階段的能耗數(shù)據(jù),進(jìn)而獲得環(huán)境污染物排放量,計(jì)算出每種管材相應(yīng)環(huán)境影響類型下的環(huán)境負(fù)荷影響潛值。建立管道系統(tǒng)層次分析模型,通過層次分析法確定每種環(huán)境影響類型的相對(duì)重要性權(quán)重。從結(jié)果來看,管道系統(tǒng)生命周期中,環(huán)境污染物排放主要集中在管材生產(chǎn)加工和管道運(yùn)行階段。最后,針對(duì)影響評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果,本文提出,結(jié)合化工管道各生命周期階段的特點(diǎn),在滿足管道介質(zhì)工藝條件的前提下,重點(diǎn)在管材生產(chǎn)加工階段和系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行階段給出優(yōu)化建議。通過本文的理論研究和案例分析,了解了化工管道系統(tǒng)生命周期各階段的能耗和環(huán)境排放情況,為未來的進(jìn)一步研究奠定了基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:Engineering construction activities are accompanied by the development of human society. Engineering construction provides convenient conditions for people's production and life, and promotes the development of economy. At the same time, it also consumes a lot of resources, energy and brings many environmental problems in the process of construction. These problems have threatened the survival and development of human beings, such as the increasing pollution of atmosphere, water and soil. Therefore, in carrying out engineering construction, we should not only consider the impact of these activities on the current environment, but also analyze the various factors that affect the environment from the perspective of the whole life cycle, so that we can effectively propose ways to improve the environment. In order to achieve sustainable development. This research takes the pipeline system in chemical engineering as the research object. According to the technical framework of the life cycle assessment method, the pipeline system is divided into different life cycle stages, and the energy consumption and environmental pollutant emissions at each stage are analyzed. According to the evaluation results, the optimization suggestions for reducing environmental emissions in each stage are put forward. First of all, the basic theory of life cycle evaluation method and the progress of domestic and foreign research are summarized according to the background of this paper. On this basis, according to the characteristics of chemical pipeline system, according to the defined target range, the whole life cycle is divided into five stages: design, pipe production and processing, construction, system operation and scrapping. Analysis of energy consumption and environmental impact factors at each stage. A technical framework for life cycle evaluation of chemical pipeline system is established. Secondly, take the concrete project as an example, select four kinds of main pipe to carry on the inventory analysis, through the data processing, obtains the pipeline system each stage energy consumption data, then obtains the environmental pollutant discharge, The environmental load influence potential of each kind of pipe is calculated. The AHP model of pipeline system is established and the relative importance weight of each environmental impact type is determined by AHP. The results show that in the life cycle of pipeline system, the emission of environmental pollutants is mainly in the stage of pipe production, processing and pipeline operation. Finally, according to the results of impact assessment, this paper puts forward some optimization suggestions on the basis of the characteristics of each life cycle stage of chemical pipeline, and on the premise of satisfying the technological conditions of pipeline medium, especially in the stage of pipe production and processing and the stage of system operation. Based on the theoretical study and case study in this paper, the energy consumption and environmental emission in different stages of the life cycle of chemical pipeline system are understood, which lays a foundation for further research in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：清華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TQ053.6;X322

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本文編號(hào)：1829207