本文選題：燒結(jié)除塵灰　切入點：鹽酸-氯化鈉溶液　出處：《湘潭大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：燒結(jié)機頭電除塵灰(簡稱燒結(jié)灰)作為鋼鐵固廢之一,來源于鋼鐵生產(chǎn)燒結(jié)工藝過程中電除塵器的煙氣收集。燒結(jié)灰中化學(xué)成分復(fù)雜,除鐵元素之外,有的還含鉀、銅、鋅、鉛等有害元素。本文依據(jù)燒結(jié)灰的理化特性分析,開發(fā)了鹽酸-氯化鈉法和醋酸-醋酸鈉法提取燒結(jié)灰中鉛的工藝路線。研究了燒結(jié)灰理化特性,發(fā)現(xiàn)燒結(jié)灰中Pb的平均含量為4.77%,主要以PbO、PbOHCl形式存在;粒度分析得出1#、2#、3#燒結(jié)灰的中位直徑分別為39.84μm、23.84μm、18.34μm,比表面積分別為19.6 m2/g、15 m2/g、17.5 m2/g;結(jié)合先前的相關(guān)研究,決定先將燒結(jié)灰水洗脫鉀,在磁選選鐵并富集鉛,最后再濕法提鉛。通過磁選后,富鉛尾泥中的鉛含量為9%~12%,采用鹽酸-氯化鈉浸取燒結(jié)灰中鉛,在溫度為85~90℃、氯化鈉濃度為250 g/L、工業(yè)鹽酸用量為25 mL/100 g(燒結(jié)灰)、富鉛燒結(jié)灰(尾泥)與HCl-NaCl混合溶液的固液比為1.0:3.0、浸取時間為30 min的條件下,浸取過程中鉛的浸取率在99.50%以上;冷析母液循環(huán)使用2次,鉛的總回收率達95.08%;碳酸鈉的加入量為其理論量的0.90~1.0倍,鉛的沉淀率為99.90%,轉(zhuǎn)化得到的沉淀在溫度為650℃條件下煅燒5 h,得到的一氧化鉛產(chǎn)品純度為99.50%,達到HG/T 2325-2004標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中工業(yè)一級品的指標(biāo)要求,整個工藝流程鉛的回收率為64.77%。將鉛含量為9%~12%富鉛尾泥進行氯化脫雜,得到氯化后的富鉛尾泥,其中Cu、Zn已基本脫除,Ca、Mg的含量也低于0.2%不影響后續(xù)實驗,鉛含量基本保持不變。通過醋酸-醋酸鈉浸取氯化后灰中鉛,在溫度為室溫(25℃),醋酸鈉濃度為2 mol/L,醋酸濃度為0.5 mol/L,富鉛燒結(jié)灰(尾泥)與HAc-NaAc混合溶液固液比為1:2,浸出時間為30 min,攪拌速率為300 r/min的條件下,氯化后灰中鉛的浸出率可以達到99.80%;碳酸鈉的加入量為其理論量的0.90倍,鉛的沉淀率為99.90%,轉(zhuǎn)化得到的沉淀在溫度為650℃條件下煅燒5 h,得到的一氧化鉛產(chǎn)品純度為99.60%,達到HG/T 2325-2004標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中工業(yè)一級品的指標(biāo)要求;冷析母液循環(huán)使用5次,鉛的總回收率達99.8%,整個工藝流程鉛的回收率為67.33%。經(jīng)初步估算,若按鹽酸-氯化鈉工藝對燒結(jié)灰進行鉛回收生產(chǎn),年產(chǎn)值可達116.83萬元,按醋酸-醋酸鈉工藝對燒結(jié)灰進行鉛回收生產(chǎn),年產(chǎn)值可達202.08萬元,表明兩種工藝具有很好的回收經(jīng)濟效益。
[Abstract]:As one of the solid wastes of iron and steel, the electric dust remover of sintering machine head (abbreviated as sinter ash) is derived from the collection of flue gas from the electrostatic precipitator in the sintering process of iron and steel. The chemical composition of the dust is complex, besides iron elements, some of them also contain potassium, copper and zinc. Based on the analysis of the physical and chemical properties of sintered ash, the technological routes of extracting lead from sintered ash by hydrochloric acid-sodium chloride method and acetic acid-sodium acetate method were developed, and the physical and chemical properties of sintered ash were studied. It was found that the average content of Pb in the sintered ash was 4.77, mainly in the form of PBOHCl, and the particle size analysis showed that the median diameter of the sintered ash was 39.84 渭 m ~ (23.84) 渭 m ~ (23. 84) 渭 m ~ (-1) and the specific surface area was 19.6 m ~ (2) / g ~ (15 m ~ (2)) 路g ~ (17. 5) 路m ~ (2 / g). After magnetic separation, the lead content in lead-rich tailings is 9 ~ 12. The lead in sintered ash is extracted by hydrochloric acid and sodium chloride, and the temperature is 85 ~ 90 鈩，

本文編號：1596286