本文選題：耐火材料　切入點(diǎn)：Na_2CO_3　出處：《華北電力大學(xué)(北京)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)和工業(yè)的發(fā)展,耐火材料被廣泛利用于各領(lǐng)域的高溫工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中。目前,在廢液焚燒和垃圾處理等含有堿金屬類物料的鍋爐運(yùn)行過程中,耐火材料腐蝕嚴(yán)重,使用壽命縮短,這嚴(yán)重影響鍋爐的安全運(yùn)行,造成了非常大的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。堿爐中耐火材料的鈉鹽腐蝕成為影響整個鍋爐效益和安全的重要問題,耐火材料的鈉鹽腐蝕問題亟待解決,因此研究鈉鹽對耐火材料的腐蝕問題,對堿爐應(yīng)用的工業(yè)領(lǐng)域具有一定意義。本文以堿爐中耐火材料的鈉鹽腐蝕問題為背景,以堿爐中常用耐火材料組分為原料,研究其腐蝕熱力學(xué)特性和動力學(xué)機(jī)制。首先利用FactSage數(shù)據(jù)庫軟件計(jì)算各反應(yīng)吉布斯自由能,從熱力學(xué)理論上說明耐火材料各組分被碳酸鈉腐蝕反應(yīng)的方向性及難易程度,并采用XRD分析方法,用熱力學(xué)高溫實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證理論計(jì)算,結(jié)果表明,鎂鋁質(zhì)耐火材料的熱穩(wěn)定性和抗碳酸鈉腐蝕性能均最好,而含鉻耐火材料組分易與碳酸鈉反應(yīng)。本文還進(jìn)一步綜合分析得出耐火材料尖晶石組分與Na2CO3反應(yīng)的順序?yàn)椋鸿F鉻尖晶石、鎂鉻尖晶石、鐵鋁尖晶石、鎂鐵尖晶石、鎂鋁尖晶石,氧化物組分與Na2CO3反應(yīng)的順序依次為氧化鉻、氧化鐵、氧化鋁。文中還采用熱重分析手段深入地探討了腐蝕反應(yīng)的動力學(xué)機(jī)理,得出動力學(xué)特征參數(shù)和動力學(xué)方程。結(jié)果表明：各耐火材料料組分與碳酸鈉的反應(yīng)均符合Avrami-Erofeev模型,積分形式為[-ln(1-α)]4,其反應(yīng)機(jī)理為隨機(jī)成核,隨后生長。本論文為進(jìn)一步說明碳酸鈉對耐火材料的腐蝕提供了理論依據(jù),也對抗鈉鹽腐蝕的耐火材料發(fā)展具有一定意義。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy and industry, refractories are widely used in various fields of high-temperature industrial production. At present, in the operation of boiler containing alkali metal materials, such as waste liquid incineration and waste disposal, the corrosion of refractories is serious. The shortened service life has seriously affected the safe operation of the boiler and caused a very large economic loss. The sodium salt corrosion of the refractory in the alkali furnace has become an important problem affecting the efficiency and safety of the boiler as a whole. The problem of sodium salt corrosion of refractories should be solved urgently. Therefore, the study of sodium salt corrosion on refractories is of great significance to the industrial field of alkali furnace application. The background of this paper is the sodium salt corrosion of refractories in alkali furnaces. The corrosion thermodynamic characteristics and kinetic mechanism of common refractory components in alkali furnace were studied. Firstly, the Gibbs free energy of each reaction was calculated by using FactSage database software. The directivity and the degree of difficulty of corrosion reaction of refractories by sodium carbonate are explained from the thermodynamic theory. The theoretical calculation is verified by using XRD analysis method and thermodynamics high temperature experiment. The results show that, Mg-Al refractories have the best thermal stability and corrosion resistance to sodium carbonate. The composition of the refractory containing chromium is easy to react with sodium carbonate. The order of reaction between spinel component of refractory material and Na2CO3 is as follows: Fe-Cr spinel, magnesium-chromium spinel, magnesium-aluminum spinel, magnesia-ferric spinel, magnesia-aluminum spinel. The order of the reaction of oxide components with Na2CO3 is chromium oxide, iron oxide, alumina. The kinetic mechanism of corrosion reaction is also discussed by thermogravimetric analysis. The kinetic characteristic parameters and kinetic equations are obtained. The results show that the reaction of the components of refractories with sodium carbonate accords with the Avrami-Erofeev model, and the integral form is [-lnn 1- 偽] 4, and the reaction mechanism is random nucleation. This paper provides a theoretical basis for further explaining the corrosion of refractories by sodium carbonate, and has a certain significance for the development of refractories that resist the corrosion of sodium salt.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TQ175.1

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