【摘要】：飛機(jī)多層鉚接結(jié)構(gòu)是機(jī)身的重要組成部分,由于其結(jié)構(gòu)的復(fù)雜性,其內(nèi)部隱藏缺陷檢測(cè)一直是無(wú)損檢測(cè)領(lǐng)域的一個(gè)難點(diǎn)和熱點(diǎn)問(wèn)題。脈沖渦流檢測(cè)技術(shù)能夠有效地檢測(cè)這類(lèi)缺陷。作為一種新的無(wú)損檢測(cè)方法,脈沖渦流以一定占空比的方波為激勵(lì)信號(hào),它具有頻譜寬、檢測(cè)精度高、檢測(cè)效率高等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。本文研究飛機(jī)多層鉚接結(jié)構(gòu)中機(jī)身層間裂紋、鉚釘周?chē)鸭y、層間腐蝕的脈沖渦流檢測(cè),主要工作在于飛機(jī)多層鉚接結(jié)構(gòu)脈沖渦流檢測(cè)傳感器的設(shè)計(jì)與參數(shù)優(yōu)化研究。在傳統(tǒng)圓柱形探頭設(shè)計(jì)基礎(chǔ)上,采用了新型軟磁材料非晶態(tài)合金,并與鐵氧體進(jìn)行對(duì)比研究。結(jié)果表明,非晶合金探頭檢測(cè)靈敏度要高于鐵氧體探頭。針對(duì)鉚釘周?chē)鸭y檢測(cè)設(shè)計(jì)了一種旋轉(zhuǎn)式探頭,實(shí)驗(yàn)證明該種探頭具有一定的檢測(cè)能力。設(shè)計(jì)和優(yōu)化了一種雙激勵(lì)線圈結(jié)構(gòu)傳感器,用于鉚釘孔周?chē)鸭y的檢測(cè)。雙激勵(lì)線圈反向聯(lián)接,激勵(lì)電流不至于過(guò)大,但磁場(chǎng)卻能達(dá)到局部聚焦的作用。通過(guò)大量實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)該傳感器參數(shù)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì),以提高傳感器的檢測(cè)靈敏度。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:當(dāng)激勵(lì)線圈繞制180匝、兩線圈間距取20~30mm、線圈與水平夾角為60~90°、且TMR位于裂紋正上方時(shí)傳感器的檢測(cè)靈敏度最大。設(shè)計(jì)了八通道陣列探頭,對(duì)多層結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)部缺陷進(jìn)行掃描檢測(cè),八個(gè)TMR陣列采用前后兩排交錯(cuò)排列的形式,通過(guò)大量實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)各TMR芯片具體擺放尺寸進(jìn)行定量研究。通過(guò)提取各通道差分信號(hào)幅值作為特征矩陣,對(duì)檢測(cè)結(jié)果進(jìn)行彩色成像,實(shí)現(xiàn)C掃描成像檢測(cè)。論文最后總結(jié)了工作內(nèi)容,并對(duì)今后工作做了提出了建議。
[Abstract]:Aircraft multi-layer riveting structure is an important part of fuselage, because of the complexity of its structure, the detection of hidden defects is always a difficult and hot issue in the field of nondestructive testing. Pulsed eddy current testing technology can effectively detect this kind of defects. As a new nondestructive testing method, pulse eddy current is excited by square wave with a certain duty cycle. It has the advantages of wide spectrum, high detection precision and high detection efficiency. In this paper, the pulsed eddy current detection of interlaminar cracks, cracks around rivets and interlaminar corrosion in aircraft multi-layer riveting structures is studied. The main work is the design and parameter optimization of pulsed eddy current detection sensors for aircraft multi-layer riveted structures. Based on the design of traditional cylindrical probe, a new soft magnetic material amorphous alloy was adopted and compared with ferrite. The results show that the detection sensitivity of amorphous alloy probe is higher than that of ferrite probe. A rotary probe is designed for the detection of cracks around rivets. The experimental results show that the probe has a certain detection ability. A double excitation coil sensor is designed and optimized for the detection of cracks around rivet holes. The double excitation coil is reverse connected, the excitation current is not too large, but the magnetic field can achieve the effect of local focus. In order to improve the sensitivity of the sensor, the parameters of the sensor are optimized by a large number of experiments. The experimental results show that the sensor has the highest detection sensitivity when the coil is wound 180 turns, the distance between the two coils is 20? 30 mm, the angle between the coil and the horizontal coil is 60? 90 擄, and the TMR is located directly above the crack. An eight-channel array probe was designed to scan and detect the internal defects of multi-layer structure. Eight TMR arrays were arranged in the form of front and back two rows interlaced. The size of each TMR chip was quantitatively studied by a large number of experiments. By extracting the amplitude of each channel differential signal as the characteristic matrix, the color imaging of the detection results is carried out, and the C-scan imaging detection is realized. Finally, the paper summarizes the contents of the work and puts forward some suggestions for the future work.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南昌航空大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：V267

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