【摘要】：隨著民航業(yè)運(yùn)輸需求量的不斷增加,現(xiàn)有航路航線結(jié)構(gòu)已經(jīng)不能滿足航班流量的增長。在我國西部地區(qū),成拉B213航路作為西藏地區(qū)與國內(nèi)其他省市的大動脈,受高原地形等原因的限制,通訊、導(dǎo)航、監(jiān)視臺站信號覆蓋不完整,只能使用程序管制手段,考慮到投入通訊導(dǎo)航等硬件設(shè)施的經(jīng)濟(jì)性、可操作性和實(shí)用性,構(gòu)建基于PBN的成拉復(fù)線平行航路是目前增加航路容量的最有效的手段。 本課題依托于成拉PBN平行航路安全及容量評估項(xiàng)目,展開對平行航路容量評估模型的研究。前期調(diào)研收集了成拉PBN航路的運(yùn)行環(huán)境及該高原航線的特殊情況處置方案,為了精確地評估成拉航路采用PBN后航路容量的變化,研究了實(shí)施ADS-B(滿足RNP4精度要求)對程序管制間隔的影響,借鑒時空轉(zhuǎn)換的概念完成了時間間隔到距離間隔的轉(zhuǎn)換,量化了通訊、導(dǎo)航、監(jiān)視設(shè)備和天氣等影響因素下間隔裕度,確定了航路的縱向間隔和橫向間隔。 研究中期提出了平行航路的三種運(yùn)行模式,結(jié)合成拉航路的航班流特性對這三種模式的特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了分析說明。采用數(shù)學(xué)建模方法,剖析程序管制下航空器穿越高度的詳細(xì)過程,創(chuàng)新地將高度層穿越影響分為直接影響和間接影響,構(gòu)建考慮高度層穿越的平行航路容量評估模型。 在上述研究的基礎(chǔ)上,基于數(shù)學(xué)計(jì)算模型的評估方法評估了成拉航路單線雙向和雙線單向兩種運(yùn)行模式的容量,對比平行航路容量評估模型、傳統(tǒng)理論容量評估模型和基于管制員工作負(fù)荷的雷達(dá)模擬機(jī)評估三種方案所得的容量值,驗(yàn)證本文構(gòu)建模型的優(yōu)越性和準(zhǔn)確性。利用C+語言開發(fā)了成拉航路容量評估軟件,評估了單線雙向、雙線單向和雙線雙向三種運(yùn)行模式的容量值,分析模式不同容量值也不同的原因,確定了高度層穿越對成拉航路容量的影響值,論證實(shí)施PBN后航路的擴(kuò)容效果。 最后,利用Anylogic建立了三維可視的航路仿真軟件,利用平臺的三維仿真演示功能將航路運(yùn)行狀態(tài)重現(xiàn)給空域規(guī)劃人員和管制員,提供直觀可視化的航路運(yùn)行狀態(tài)以便開展空域規(guī)劃等工作。總結(jié)規(guī)劃成拉平行航路的帶來的擴(kuò)容優(yōu)勢,進(jìn)一步提出增加航路容量的方案意見。
[Abstract]:With the increasing demand of civil aviation industry, the existing route structure can not meet the growth of flight traffic. In the western region of China, as the main artery between Tibet and other provinces and cities in the country, Chengla B213 is restricted by plateau topography and other reasons, such as incomplete coverage of signals from communications, navigation and surveillance stations, and can only be controlled by program. Considering the economy, maneuverability and practicability of the hardware facilities such as communication and navigation, it is the most effective means to build parallel route based on PBN to increase the capacity of navigation route. Based on the PBN parallel route safety and capacity evaluation project, the research of parallel route capacity evaluation model is carried out in this paper. In order to accurately evaluate the capacity change of PBN route after adopting PBN, the author collected the operating environment of Chela PBN route and the special case disposal scheme of the plateau route. This paper studies the effect of implementing ADS-B (to meet the precision requirement of RNP4) on the control interval of program, uses the concept of space-time conversion to complete the conversion of time interval to distance interval, quantifies the communication and navigation. The longitudinal and lateral intervals are determined by monitoring equipment and weather. In the middle of the study, three running modes of parallel routes are put forward, and the characteristics of these three modes are analyzed and explained in combination with the flight flow characteristics of Cheng-La route. By using mathematical modeling method, the detailed process of aircraft crossing height under program control is analyzed. The influence of altitude crossing is divided into direct and indirect effects, and a parallel route capacity evaluation model considering height crossing is constructed. On the basis of the above research, the evaluation method based on mathematical calculation model is used to evaluate the capacity of single line two-way and double line one-way operation mode of the drawing route, and the capacity evaluation model of parallel route is compared. The capacity values obtained from the traditional theoretical capacity evaluation model and the radar simulator evaluation scheme based on controller workload verify the superiority and accuracy of the proposed model. The capacity evaluation software is developed with C language to evaluate the capacity of single line two-way mode, two-line one-way mode and double-line two-way mode. The reasons why the different capacity values of the mode are different are analyzed. The influence value of height layer crossing on the capacity of drawing route is determined, and the expansion effect of the route after implementing PBN is demonstrated. Finally, the 3D visual simulation software is established by using Anylogic, and the flight path running state is reproduced to the airspace planners and controllers by using the three-dimensional simulation and demonstration function of the platform. Provide visual and visual route running state in order to carry out airspace planning and so on. This paper summarizes the advantages of expanding capacity brought by the planning of parallel route, and puts forward some suggestions for increasing the capacity of route.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國民用航空飛行學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：V355.1

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