【摘要】：航空航天事業(yè)雖然起步較晚,但是發(fā)展迅速,不論在民用還是軍用領域,都取得了不可撼動的地位。從航空航天事業(yè)的發(fā)展軌跡來看,復合材料的發(fā)展無疑給其帶來了質(zhì)的飛越。但是,由于復合材料結構復雜,加之各向異性等特殊的屬性,使其損傷機理、失效形式以及維修技術等與金屬材料有著顯著的區(qū)別。復合材料應用于航空航天產(chǎn)品之后,如何保證其安全性和可靠性成為當前最引人關注的課題,其中,復合材料的無損檢測尤為突出。無損檢測因其不會對被檢測材料造成損傷的特點,在設計、生產(chǎn)制造和使用的全領域都得到了廣泛認可。發(fā)展至現(xiàn)在,相對成熟的無損檢測方法也已經(jīng)有數(shù)十種,但是每種方法都有其局限性。數(shù)字敲擊檢測作為無損檢測的后起之秀,有著其他無損檢測不可替代的優(yōu)勢。但是,因為數(shù)字敲擊檢測方法的不成熟,所以其應用較少。本文首先分析了航空航天復合材料的無損檢測方法,然后詳細介紹了數(shù)字敲擊檢測原理以及使用中存在的問題,并針對其存在問題提出了解決方案,最后將提出的方案進行實驗驗證。針對數(shù)字敲擊檢測的應用,本文主要解決了一下三方面問題。第一,解決了數(shù)字敲擊檢測無標準流程的問題;第二,解決了數(shù)字敲擊檢測的標準數(shù)據(jù)獲取以及分辨率確定問題;第三,提出了基于數(shù)據(jù)處理的損傷判定方法。針對以上三個問題的解決方案,本文在第五章進行了驗證,并確定了方案的有效性。本文的研究成果,一方面可用于航空航天復合材料設計、生產(chǎn)與使用維護中的無損檢測,另一方面可對后來數(shù)字敲擊檢測的研究提供思路和依據(jù),以使數(shù)字敲擊檢測的理論更加完善,應用更加廣泛。
[Abstract]:Although the aerospace industry started late, it has developed rapidly and has gained an unshakable position in both civil and military fields. Judging from the development of aerospace industry, the development of composite materials has undoubtedly brought a qualitative leap. However, due to the complexity of composite structure and anisotropy, the damage mechanism, failure form and maintenance technology of composite materials are different from those of metal materials. How to ensure the safety and reliability of composite materials has become the most interesting subject after its application in aerospace products, among which, the nondestructive testing of composite materials is particularly prominent. Nondestructive testing (NDT) has been widely recognized in the design, manufacture and use of materials because it does not cause damage to the tested materials. At present, there are dozens of relatively mature nondestructive testing methods, but each method has its limitations. As the rising star of nondestructive testing, digital knock detection has the irreplaceable advantage of other nondestructive testing. However, the digital knock detection method is not mature, so its application is less. In this paper, the nondestructive testing method of aerospace composite materials is analyzed, then the principle of digital knock detection and the problems in application are introduced in detail, and the solutions to the problems are put forward. Finally, the proposed scheme is verified experimentally. Aiming at the application of digital knock detection, this paper mainly solves three problems. First, the problem of digital knock detection without standard flow is solved; second, the problem of digital knock detection standard data acquisition and resolution determination is solved; third, the damage detection method based on data processing is proposed. In the fifth chapter, we verify the solutions to the above three problems, and determine the effectiveness of the scheme. On the one hand, it can be used for nondestructive testing in the design, production and maintenance of aerospace composite materials, on the other hand, it can provide ideas and basis for the later research on digital knock detection. In order to make the theory of digital knock detection more perfect, more widely used.
【學位授予單位】：南京航空航天大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：V250.2

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