本文選題：納米FeCu合金粉 + 納米NiCu復(fù)合粉�。� 參考：《齊魯工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：金屬粉是固體推進(jìn)劑中的主要燃燒劑,其粒徑與能量性質(zhì)及燃燒性質(zhì)具有一定的關(guān)系,粒徑越小,燃燒性能越好。納米復(fù)合金屬粉除具有金屬及合金本身的性質(zhì)外,還具有納米粉體的特性,在諸多領(lǐng)域已經(jīng)顯示出優(yōu)良的應(yīng)用性能,在推進(jìn)劑中也具有較高的研究應(yīng)用價值。本論文開展納米鐵銅合金粉以及納米鎳銅復(fù)合粉的制備以及對高氯酸銨(AP)以及AP/HTPB復(fù)合固體推進(jìn)劑熱分解過程影響的研究,對于提高和改善推進(jìn)劑性能,探索新型推進(jìn)劑燃燒促進(jìn)劑具有重要意義。本論文的主要內(nèi)容為:(1)采用化學(xué)還原法制備了納米級FeCu合金粉以及納米NiCu復(fù)合粉,采用XRD、SEM、ICP等方法對其結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了表征,并研究了其最佳制備條件。納米鐵銅合金粉末具有Fe-Cu合金結(jié)構(gòu),納米鎳銅復(fù)合粉為混晶結(jié)構(gòu)。納米FeCu和NiCu粉呈現(xiàn)較好的球形,具有較好的分散性,平均粒徑為60nm。(2)采用熱分析法研究了納米FeCu合金粉以及納米NiCu復(fù)合粉對AP熱分解過程的影響。結(jié)果表明,納米鐵銅合金粉以及納米鎳銅復(fù)合粉均可以顯著降低AP的熱分解放熱峰溫,顯著增大其熱分解放熱量,表現(xiàn)出對高氯酸銨的熱分解具有顯著的催化效果。(3)加入量的變化對納米鐵銅和鎳銅粉的催化效果沒有明顯的影響。納米鐵銅和鎳銅粉中金屬元素的比例與其催化效果有一定關(guān)系,其催化效果一般隨Cu含量的上升而增強(qiáng)。當(dāng)Fe:Cu為1:1時,納米FeCu合金粉的增強(qiáng)促進(jìn)效果最好;當(dāng)Ni:Cu為6:4時,納米NiCu粉的效果最佳。(4)納米FeCu和NiCu粉均可使AP/HTPB復(fù)合固體推進(jìn)劑的熱分解放熱峰溫顯著下降,使其熱分解放熱量較大幅度增大,表現(xiàn)出較好的催化效果。(5)納米復(fù)合金屬粉催化促進(jìn)高氯酸銨熱分解過程的機(jī)理:a.表面過渡金屬氧化物在高氯酸銨熱分解的開始階段,對于電子遷移的橋梁催化作用;b.納米復(fù)合金屬粉通過其中的金屬元素與高氯酸銨熱分解產(chǎn)物的反應(yīng),催化高氯酸銨的高溫?zé)岱纸膺^程;c.納米復(fù)合金屬粉具備較強(qiáng)的表面效應(yīng)。
[Abstract]:Metal powder is the main combustion agent in solid propellant. Its particle size is related to the energy and combustion properties. The smaller the particle size, the better the combustion performance. Nano-composite metal powder not only has the properties of metal and alloy itself, but also has the properties of nano-powder. It has shown excellent application performance in many fields, and also has high research and application value in propellant. In this paper, the preparation of nano-Fe-Cu alloy powder and nano-Ni-Cu composite powder and the effect on thermal decomposition process of ammonium perchlorate (APO) and AP/HTPB composite solid propellants are studied, which can improve and improve the properties of propellants. It is of great significance to explore new propellant combustion promoters. The main content of this thesis is: (1) Nano-scale FeCu alloy powder and nano-scale NiCu composite powder were prepared by chemical reduction method. The structure was characterized by XRDD-SEMICP and the optimum preparation conditions were studied. Nano Fe Cu alloy powder has Fe-Cu alloy structure, and nano Ni Cu composite powder is mixed crystal structure. The effects of nano-sized FeCu and NiCu powders on the thermal decomposition process of AP were investigated by thermal analysis. The average particle size was 60nm.m-2. The effects of nano-sized FeCu alloy powder and nano-NiCu composite powder on the thermal decomposition process of AP were studied by thermal analysis. The results show that both nano-Fe-Cu alloy powder and nano-Ni-Cu composite powder can significantly decrease the peak temperature of heat release of AP and increase the heat release of AP. It is shown that the addition amount of ammonium perchlorate has a significant catalytic effect on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate. There is no obvious effect on the catalytic effect of nano-Fe Cu and Ni Cu powders. The ratio of metal elements in nano-Fe Cu and Ni Cu powder is related to the catalytic effect, and the catalytic effect generally increases with the increase of Cu content. When Fe:Cu is 1:1, the enhancement effect of nano-sized FeCu alloy powder is the best, when Ni:Cu is 6:4, the effect of nano-NiCu powder is the best. The peak temperature of thermal decomposition exothermic peak of AP/HTPB composite solid propellant can be decreased significantly by nano-FeCu and NiCu powder. The mechanism of promoting the thermal decomposition process of ammonium perchlorate by nanometer composite metal powder is: a). The transition metal oxide on the surface is a bridge catalyst for electron transport in the initial stage of thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate. Nanometer composite metal powder catalyzes the high temperature thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate by the reaction of metal elements in it with ammonium perchlorate thermal decomposition product. Nano composite metal powder has strong surface effect.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：齊魯工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：V512

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