本文選題：高精度 + 實時自校準(zhǔn)��； 參考：《西安電子科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：氣壓高度表用于向載體提供準(zhǔn)確的高度數(shù)據(jù),是一種重要的航空儀表。航空航天事業(yè)的日益發(fā)展使得智能化成為航空儀表的發(fā)展趨勢,因此,氣壓高度表正在向體積小、重量輕,具備數(shù)字總線方向發(fā)展。論文首先對氣壓高度表的概念和發(fā)展趨勢進(jìn)行了介紹,分別對氣壓高度表小型化、高精度、高可靠性和環(huán)境適應(yīng)性的設(shè)計需求進(jìn)行了論述,確定了課題研究的基本方向;論述了航空應(yīng)用中氣壓高度測量基本原理,根據(jù)北半球標(biāo)準(zhǔn)大氣參數(shù)表,研究并建立了氣壓到的解算關(guān)系式,同時兼顧單片機硬件平臺設(shè)計合適的簡化算法模型。并對其解算誤差進(jìn)行了分析,提出以MSC1201高性能混合集成微控制器為硬件核心的整體設(shè)計；隨后,對系統(tǒng)組成各模塊的硬件電路和軟件設(shè)計進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)設(shè)計和分析。硬件設(shè)計采用模塊化設(shè)計,各功能模塊之間相對獨立,方便測試維護(hù),和故障排查。對系統(tǒng)中電源模塊,壓力傳感器模塊,微控制器模塊,CAN總線通信模塊等功能模塊單元的硬件元件選型和電路設(shè)計進(jìn)行詳細(xì)說明,并對系統(tǒng)抗干擾和電磁兼容性設(shè)計進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)設(shè)計和分析。CAN總線氣壓高度表的軟件設(shè)計采用Keil C編譯環(huán)境,匯編C語言代碼編寫。軟件設(shè)計針對功能需求,將軟件劃分成不同功能單元,進(jìn)行模塊化標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化設(shè)計。分別對A/D轉(zhuǎn)換模塊,壓力信號校準(zhǔn)模塊,氣壓高度解算模塊和CAN總線通信模塊等功能模塊的軟件設(shè)計流程和方法進(jìn)行了介紹；最后,在實驗室條件下對CAN總線氣壓高度表工程樣機進(jìn)行試驗測試,將測試結(jié)果與理論值比較并分析測量系統(tǒng)的誤差來源。本文針對無人機應(yīng)用特點,開發(fā)了一種基于CAN總線的氣壓高度表。完成了兩項關(guān)鍵技術(shù)的研究：1.研究了壓力傳感器專用調(diào)理芯片PGA309進(jìn)行補償校準(zhǔn)的數(shù)學(xué)模型,完成了其在MSC1201微控制器平臺上的移植,實現(xiàn)了壓力傳感器溫度附加誤差和非線性誤差的高精度補償。2.研究了大氣壓力與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)海平面高度的關(guān)系函數(shù),使用最小二乘法和線性插值法實現(xiàn)了適應(yīng)于單片機處理的解算算法,并且保證了計算結(jié)果的誤差范圍本文的研究成果具有一定的通用性,對小型化,集成化的智能傳感器、儀表設(shè)計研究有借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:Barometric altimeter is an important aeronautical instrument which is used to provide accurate height data to carrier. With the development of aerospace industry, intelligence becomes the development trend of aeronautical instruments. Therefore, barometric altimeters are developing towards small volume, light weight and digital bus. Firstly, the concept and development trend of barometric altimeter are introduced, and the design requirements of barometric altimeter such as miniaturization, high precision, high reliability and environmental adaptability are discussed respectively, and the basic research direction is determined. In this paper, the basic principle of air pressure height measurement in aviation application is discussed. According to the standard atmospheric parameter table of the Northern Hemisphere, the relationship between air pressure and air pressure is studied and established. At the same time, a suitable simplified algorithm model is designed on the hardware platform of single chip computer. The calculation error is analyzed, and the hardware core of MSC1201 hybrid integrated microcontroller is proposed. Then, the hardware circuit and software design of each module of the system are designed and analyzed in detail. The hardware design adopts modular design, each functional module is relatively independent, easy to test and maintain, and troubleshooting. The selection of hardware components and circuit design of the function modules such as power supply module, pressure sensor module, microcontroller module and can bus communication module are described in detail. The system anti-jamming and EMC design are designed and analyzed in detail. The software design of the can bus barometric altimeter is compiled in Keil C and compiled in C language. According to the functional requirements, the software is divided into different functional units and standardized modular design. The software design flow and methods of A- / D conversion module, pressure signal calibration module, barometric height calculation module and CAN bus communication module are introduced respectively. The CAN bus barometric altimeter engineering prototype was tested under laboratory conditions. The test results were compared with the theoretical values and the error sources of the measurement system were analyzed. In this paper, a barometric altimeter based on CAN bus is developed according to the characteristics of UAV application. Two key technologies have been studied: 1. The mathematical model of compensating and calibrating the pressure sensor special conditioning chip PGA309 is studied. The transplant of it on the platform of MSC1201 microcontroller is completed, and the high precision compensation of temperature additional error and nonlinear error of pressure sensor is realized. The relation function between atmospheric pressure and standard sea level height is studied. The least square method and linear interpolation method are used to realize the calculation algorithm suitable for single chip processor processing. And the error range of the calculation result is guaranteed the research result of this paper has certain generality, and has the reference significance to the miniaturization, the integration intelligent sensor, the instrument design research.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：V241.421

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