本文選題：航空葉輪 + 超聲波檢測(cè)�。� 參考：《南昌航空大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：一直以來(lái),航空器的動(dòng)力模塊都是整個(gè)航空系統(tǒng)的核心技術(shù)所在,各個(gè)國(guó)家對(duì)航空發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)與研發(fā)從未停止。航空葉輪是航空發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的重要零件之一,其質(zhì)量直接影響到航空發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)組的使用壽命及安全性能。隨著工業(yè)技術(shù)的提升與發(fā)展,新型的航空葉輪不斷涌現(xiàn),然而,與其相應(yīng)的檢測(cè)方法尚未成熟,為保證生產(chǎn)質(zhì)量,亟需一種可靠、準(zhǔn)確、直觀的檢測(cè)方法來(lái)對(duì)航空葉輪進(jìn)行質(zhì)量檢測(cè)。航空葉輪是一種結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜的新型工件,目前并沒(méi)有與其對(duì)應(yīng)的成熟的無(wú)損檢測(cè)方法。因此,本課題在掌握了超聲波檢測(cè)原理與相關(guān)方法的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合自行研制的超聲特征成像掃描系統(tǒng),提出了關(guān)于航空葉輪真空擴(kuò)散焊界面的自動(dòng)成像檢測(cè)方法。首先,本文重點(diǎn)研究了關(guān)于航空葉輪的超聲波檢測(cè)方法,分析了超聲波的發(fā)射與接收方式,超聲波的各種分類(lèi)以及基本參量。其次,研究與分析了幾種發(fā)展較為迅速的超聲波成像技術(shù),對(duì)幾種典型超聲波成像方法在航空葉輪的應(yīng)用上的優(yōu)勢(shì)及不足進(jìn)行了對(duì)比,并最終確定基本檢測(cè)依據(jù)。然后,針對(duì)航空葉輪超聲波檢測(cè)進(jìn)行了手動(dòng)實(shí)驗(yàn),確定了檢測(cè)過(guò)程中的各項(xiàng)參數(shù),包括檢測(cè)面、耦合劑、換能器的性能分析,得出了超聲波在葉輪中的傳播規(guī)律,保證了后續(xù)超聲波檢測(cè)方法的可行性。最后,設(shè)計(jì)了航空葉輪超聲波成像檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)的整體方案,整個(gè)方案包括設(shè)計(jì)方案、基本工作原理、基本檢測(cè)原理、機(jī)械裝置、電氣系統(tǒng)以及配套軟件。此外,論文采用鋁合金靈敏度試塊對(duì)所研制的檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行測(cè)試,測(cè)試結(jié)果達(dá)到預(yù)期效果,檢測(cè)靈敏度符合要求,同時(shí),對(duì)某單位生產(chǎn)的新型航空葉輪進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證性檢測(cè),評(píng)估了檢測(cè)方法的可靠性與可操作性。文章所設(shè)計(jì)的系統(tǒng)主要價(jià)值在于填補(bǔ)了新型航空葉輪超聲波無(wú)損檢測(cè)的空白,通過(guò)成像使得檢測(cè)結(jié)果更加直觀,降低了質(zhì)量評(píng)定的難度。每個(gè)航空葉輪的檢測(cè)時(shí)間為10分鐘,效率比手動(dòng)檢測(cè)提高十倍。檢測(cè)的最小缺陷可達(dá)0.5mm。檢測(cè)結(jié)果采用圖像顯示的方式,直觀可靠,處理方式多樣。本課題以航空葉輪為研究對(duì)象,將超聲波成像檢測(cè)技術(shù)應(yīng)用到航空葉輪的質(zhì)量檢測(cè),設(shè)計(jì)了一套針對(duì)航空葉輪超聲波成像檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)。為航空葉輪重要部位的質(zhì)量評(píng)定提供了依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:All the time, the power module of the aircraft is the core technology of the whole aeronautical system, and the design and development of the aero-engine are never stopped in each country. Aeroengine impeller is one of the important parts of aero-engine. Its quality directly affects the service life and safety performance of aero-engine group. With the improvement and development of industrial technology, new types of aeronautical impellers are emerging. However, the corresponding detection methods are not yet mature. In order to ensure the quality of production, a reliable and accurate method is urgently needed. Visual inspection method to test the quality of aeronautical impeller. Aeronautical impeller is a new type of workpiece with complex structure, and there is no mature nondestructive testing method. Therefore, on the basis of mastering the principle and relevant methods of ultrasonic testing, combining with the ultrasonic characteristic imaging scanning system developed by ourselves, an automatic imaging detection method for the vacuum diffusion welding interface of aeronautical impeller is proposed. Firstly, this paper focuses on the ultrasonic detection method of aeronautical impeller, analyzes the mode of ultrasonic transmitting and receiving, the classification of ultrasonic wave and the basic parameters. Secondly, several ultrasonic imaging techniques developed rapidly are studied and analyzed. The advantages and disadvantages of several typical ultrasonic imaging methods in the application of aeronautical impeller are compared, and the basic testing basis is finally determined. Then, the manual experiment is carried out for the ultrasonic detection of the aeronautical impeller, and the parameters in the process are determined, including the performance analysis of the detection surface, coupling agent and transducer, and the propagation rule of the ultrasonic wave in the impeller is obtained. The feasibility of the following ultrasonic detection method is ensured. Finally, the whole scheme of ultrasonic imaging detection system for aeronautical impeller is designed. The whole scheme includes design scheme, basic working principle, basic detection principle, mechanical device, electrical system and supporting software. In addition, the paper uses the aluminum alloy sensitivity test block to test the developed testing system, the test results reach the desired results, the detection sensitivity meets the requirements. At the same time, a new type of aeronautical impeller produced by a unit is tested for verification. The reliability and maneuverability of the detection method are evaluated. The main value of the system designed in this paper is to fill in the blank of ultrasonic nondestructive testing of new type aeronautical impeller, and make the test result more intuitive by imaging, and reduce the difficulty of quality evaluation. The detection time of each aeronautical impeller is 10 minutes, which is ten times more efficient than manual detection. The minimum defect detected can be up to 0.5 mm. The detection results are visualized and reliable by image display, and are processed in a variety of ways. In this paper, the ultrasonic imaging technology is applied to the quality detection of the aeronautical impeller, and a set of ultrasonic imaging detection system for the aeronautical impeller is designed. It provides the basis for the quality assessment of the important parts of the aeronautical impeller.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南昌航空大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：V263.6

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本文編號(hào)：1839506