本文選題：航站樓 + 置換通風(fēng)　； 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著建筑科學(xué)和社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,機(jī)場的出現(xiàn)使人們的出行更加方便,近些年來,越來越多的機(jī)場航站樓服務(wù)于人們的日常出行。機(jī)場航站樓內(nèi)人員眾多,運(yùn)行各種設(shè)備,進(jìn)行各種活動(dòng),是機(jī)場能源消耗的主要場所。在營造舒適的熱環(huán)境的同時(shí),如何降低空調(diào)系統(tǒng)能耗是一個(gè)值得深入研究的問題。目前在國內(nèi),機(jī)場航站樓主要采用分層噴口送風(fēng)等氣流組織形式,通風(fēng)效率和能源利用率都較低,人員處于氣流回流區(qū),室內(nèi)空氣品質(zhì)不佳。在這種情況下,各國研究者紛紛將目光投向置換通風(fēng),置換通風(fēng)因?yàn)榫哂心芎牡�、通風(fēng)效率高和空氣品質(zhì)良好等特點(diǎn),已經(jīng)逐步應(yīng)用于國外的一些機(jī)場航站樓。針對(duì)航站樓在空間區(qū)域和圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)等方面的特殊性,選擇合適的室內(nèi)空調(diào)設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)。在此基礎(chǔ)上,以上海市某航站樓候機(jī)廳為研究對(duì)象進(jìn)行置換通風(fēng)室內(nèi)有效冷負(fù)荷計(jì)算研究,對(duì)比有效得熱系數(shù)法和能耗模擬法的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)。借助Energy Plus中的UCSD模塊模擬研究候機(jī)廳室內(nèi)有效冷負(fù)荷,得到各圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)的傳熱量,指出UCSD模型在圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)得熱占主導(dǎo)位置的情況下并不適用。同時(shí),結(jié)合CFD模擬結(jié)果表明有效得熱系數(shù)法計(jì)算得到的有效冷負(fù)荷值稍稍偏大,室內(nèi)有效冷負(fù)荷的實(shí)際值約為計(jì)算值的85%。在對(duì)航站樓候機(jī)廳置換通風(fēng)建立幾何模型和數(shù)值模型后,利用Fluent軟件對(duì)不同送風(fēng)參數(shù)下的溫度場、速度場和熱力分層規(guī)律進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的研究。結(jié)果表明,排風(fēng)口的位置和大小對(duì)候機(jī)廳室內(nèi)的溫度場和速度場有一定影響,但影響程度不大,在最高處排風(fēng)對(duì)降低室內(nèi)整體溫度場有著積極意義。通過模擬還發(fā)現(xiàn),在送風(fēng)冷負(fù)荷和送風(fēng)量不變的情況下,送風(fēng)面積越大,室內(nèi)流場越趨于均勻,排熱效果也越好。此外,在送風(fēng)冷負(fù)荷一定時(shí),同時(shí)降低送風(fēng)溫度和送風(fēng)量可以大幅度地降低室內(nèi)整體溫度,進(jìn)而降低置換通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)的能耗。針對(duì)研究中發(fā)現(xiàn)的玻璃幕墻附近出現(xiàn)的局部高溫現(xiàn)象,采用局部冷卻方法改善局部熱環(huán)境;最后,在前文的研究成果上,對(duì)航站樓候機(jī)廳內(nèi)的溫度場和速度場進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,旨在營造一個(gè)舒適的熱環(huán)境的同時(shí)最大限度減小能耗。最后,總結(jié)大了空間建筑的置換通風(fēng)設(shè)計(jì)方法,以期為航站樓建筑應(yīng)用置換通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)提供參考性意見。
[Abstract]:With the development of architecture science and social economy, the appearance of airport makes people's travel more convenient. In recent years, more and more airport terminals serve people's daily travel. The airport terminal has a large number of personnel, running all kinds of equipment and carrying out various activities, which is the main place of airport energy consumption. At the same time, how to reduce the energy consumption of air conditioning system is a problem worthy of further study. At present, the airport terminal mainly adopts the airflow organization form such as stratified nozzle, etc. The ventilation efficiency and energy utilization ratio are low, the personnel is in the airflow backflow area, and the indoor air quality is not good. In this case, researchers all over the world have turned their eyes to displacement ventilation, which has been gradually applied to some airport terminals abroad because of its low energy consumption, high ventilation efficiency and good air quality. In view of the particularity of the terminal building in the space area and the enclosure structure, the suitable indoor air conditioning design parameters are selected. On the basis of this, the effective cooling load calculation of displacement ventilation room is studied in a terminal terminal in Shanghai. The advantages and disadvantages of the effective heat coefficient method and the energy consumption simulation method are compared. With the help of the UCSD module in Energy Plus, the effective cooling load in the terminal room is studied, and the heat transfer of each enclosure structure is obtained. It is pointed out that the UCSD model is not suitable when the heat in the enclosure structure occupies the dominant position. At the same time, the CFD simulation results show that the effective cooling load calculated by the effective thermal coefficient method is slightly larger, and the actual value of the indoor effective cooling load is about 85 percent of the calculated value. After the geometric model and numerical model of displacement ventilation in terminal terminal are established, the temperature field, velocity field and thermal stratification under different air supply parameters are studied in detail by Fluent software. The results show that the location and size of the outlet have a certain influence on the temperature field and velocity field in the terminal room, but the influence is not great. The exhaust air at the highest point has a positive significance to reduce the whole indoor temperature field. It is also found that the larger the air supply area is, the more uniform the indoor flow field is, and the better the heat removal effect is. In addition, when the air cooling load is constant, lowering the air supply temperature and air supply volume can greatly reduce the whole indoor temperature, and then reduce the energy consumption of the displacement ventilation system. In view of the local high temperature phenomenon near the glass curtain wall, the local cooling method is used to improve the local thermal environment. Finally, the temperature field and velocity field in the terminal are optimized based on the previous research results. Aims to create a comfortable thermal environment while minimizing energy consumption. Finally, the design methods of displacement ventilation for large space buildings are summarized in order to provide reference for the application of displacement ventilation system in terminal buildings.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TU834.52;V351

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本文編號(hào)：1816540