本文選題：渦扇發(fā)動機 + 低壓轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)�。� 參考：《大連理工大學》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,出于國家安全和經(jīng)濟長遠發(fā)展的考慮,國家對航空發(fā)動機的研發(fā)越來越重視。“航空發(fā)動機與燃氣輪機”國家科技重大專項的設立,標志著國家將集中各方面的力量在這一領域?qū)で笸黄�。低壓轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)是渦扇發(fā)動機的重要組成部分,跨距大,質(zhì)量分布不均,轉(zhuǎn)速高,并采用套齒聯(lián)接結構聯(lián)接風扇轉(zhuǎn)子和低壓渦輪轉(zhuǎn)子實現(xiàn)動力傳輸,聯(lián)接結構依賴具有小間隙的套齒和定位面?zhèn)鬟f力、扭矩或彎矩,使得聯(lián)接呈現(xiàn)區(qū)間或間隙等非線性特征；由于聯(lián)接的非線性及轉(zhuǎn)子自身的特殊結構,使得轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)存在振動突出、振動敏感、振幅不穩(wěn),臨界轉(zhuǎn)速波動或漂移等問題。本文擬以先進渦扇發(fā)動機為研究對象,針對低壓轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)含套齒聯(lián)接結構開展研究工作。本文主要研究內(nèi)容和結論包括：1.針對渦扇發(fā)動機低壓轉(zhuǎn)子的套齒聯(lián)接結構中的圓柱定位面,推導圓柱接觸面周向接觸間隙的表達式。然后通過對Hertz接觸理論和GW粗糙平面接觸模型進行分析,建立了圓柱接觸面接觸剛度模型。通過仿真得到不同接觸力、裝配間隙、圓柱接觸長度、表面粗糙度等對圓柱接觸剛度的影響,并通過實驗進行了驗證,為低壓轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)建模提供聯(lián)接結構模型依據(jù)。研究結果表明：隨著接觸力的增加,接觸距離減小、接觸剛度增加；當接觸力較大時,接觸剛度變化放緩。小間隙下,接觸距離和接觸剛度隨接觸力變化較為敏感；大間隙下,接觸距離和接觸剛度幾乎不隨間隙而改變。2.以具有代表意義的渦扇發(fā)動機的低壓轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)為對象,考慮了支承結構的彈性特點,并計入套齒聯(lián)軸器內(nèi)外兩部分的相對運動,研究基于柔度分析的復雜轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)動力學的建模方法,獲得二自由度解析動力學模型,并應用有限元仿真和實驗進行了驗證。3.基于有限元方法,建立低壓轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)的少自由度有限元動力學模型,采用基于Matlab的動力學求解程序,采用Newmark逐步積分法,研究了低壓轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)的固有特性、不平衡響應及振動敏感性。4.設計并搭建了渦扇發(fā)動機低壓轉(zhuǎn)子原理實驗臺,并利用高精度激光對中儀對實驗臺進行對中調(diào)試,使得各支點間的不對中量都控制在合理范圍內(nèi)；對尾部支點進行了動平衡,使得其水平向振動幅值降低了68%,豎直向振動幅值降低了35%；并對基本動力學特性進行了實驗測試和分析,對理論分析、數(shù)值仿真和實驗結果進行了綜合對比驗證。研究結果對于渦扇發(fā)動機轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)結構設計提供了一種簡潔的解析模型,并為其振動控制、故障診斷等提供了參考。
[Abstract]:In recent years, due to the consideration of long-term development of national safety and economy, the country pays more and more attention to the research and development of aeroengine. The establishment of the National Science and Technology Project of Aeroengine and Gas Turbine indicates that the country will concentrate all its efforts to seek a breakthrough in this field. Low pressure rotor system is an important part of turbofan engine, with large span, uneven mass distribution and high rotational speed. The connection structure depends on the transmission force, torque or bending moment of the sleeve teeth and the positioning surface with small clearance, which makes the connection show nonlinear characteristics such as interval or clearance. Because of the nonlinearity of the connection and the special structure of the rotor itself, The rotor system has many problems, such as prominent vibration, sensitive vibration, unstable amplitude, critical speed fluctuation or drift, etc. In this paper, the advanced turbofan engine is taken as the research object. The main contents and conclusions of this paper include: 1. The expression of the circumferential contact clearance of the cylindrical contact surface is derived for the cylindrical positioning surface in the sleeve tooth connection structure of the low-pressure rotor of the turbofan engine. Then the contact stiffness model of cylindrical contact surface is established by analyzing Hertz contact theory and GW rough plane contact model. The effects of different contact force, assembly clearance, cylindrical contact length and surface roughness on the contact stiffness of the cylinder are obtained by simulation. The experimental results are verified to provide the basis of the connection structure model for the modeling of low-voltage rotor system. The results show that the contact distance decreases and the contact stiffness increases with the increase of contact force, and the change of contact stiffness slows down when the contact force is larger. The contact distance and stiffness are more sensitive to the contact force under small gap, and the contact distance and stiffness almost do not change with the gap in large gap. Taking the low-pressure rotor system of the turbofan engine of representative significance as an object, the elastic characteristics of the supporting structure are considered, and the relative motion of the inner and outer parts of the sleeve coupling is taken into account. The dynamic modeling method of complex rotor system based on flexibility analysis is studied, and the analytical dynamic model of two degrees of freedom is obtained, which is verified by finite element simulation and experiment. Based on the finite element method, the finite element dynamic model of low-pressure rotor system is established. The inherent characteristics of low-pressure rotor system are studied by using the dynamic solution program based on Matlab and Newmark step by step integration method. Unbalanced response and vibration sensitivity. 4. This paper designs and builds the experimental platform for the principle of low-pressure rotor of turbofan engine, and makes use of high-precision laser centering instrument to adjust the test table, so that the misalignment between the fulcrum points is controlled within a reasonable range, and the tail fulcrum is dynamically balanced. The horizontal vibration amplitude and vertical vibration amplitude are reduced by 68 and 35, and the basic dynamic characteristics are tested and analyzed. The theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and experimental results are compared and verified. The results provide a concise analytical model for the rotor system structure design of turbofan engine and provide reference for vibration control and fault diagnosis.
【學位授予單位】：大連理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：V235.13

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