本文選題：GNSS + 覆蓋性��； 參考：《中國民航大學》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：基于性能的導航(PBN)為未來民航導航的發(fā)展方向,此技術能夠提高運行效率,優(yōu)化空域使用。全球衛(wèi)星導航系統(tǒng)(GNSS)是其中重要的組成部分,其性能指標需要滿足PBN的具體要求。北斗是我國自行發(fā)展的衛(wèi)星導航系統(tǒng),目前已實現(xiàn)亞太地區(qū)的覆蓋。本文以北斗系統(tǒng)為對象,研究分析了機場終端區(qū)覆蓋性情況測試方法,搭建實驗環(huán)境,并對實驗結果進行分析。介紹了介紹了基于性能導航,闡明其對民航運行的意義,總結歸納其對于導航系統(tǒng)的具體性能要求。其中導航精度與完好性為本文重點研究內容。介紹衛(wèi)星導航定位的基本原理。通過分析衛(wèi)星導航所應用偽距定位算法,牛頓迭代與最小二乘法總結出的影響定位精度的因素,說明幾何精度因子(DOP)的來源。介紹完好性監(jiān)測算法原理,說明其參數(shù)計算方法及相關標準。從而總結出影響精度,完好性,可用性的因素,為實驗測定所需參數(shù)提供參考。根據(jù)以上所需參數(shù)設計實驗。實驗以北斗星通的北斗天璇型接收機為硬件平臺,以自行開發(fā)的接收機控制記錄系統(tǒng)為軟件平臺。測定地點靠近天津濱海國際機場34L/16R跑道。連續(xù)進行至少24小時的GPS、北斗雙星座的不間斷觀測,記錄實驗數(shù)據(jù)。根據(jù)采集到的數(shù)據(jù),采用自行開發(fā)的數(shù)據(jù)分析統(tǒng)計軟件,分析當前區(qū)域的CEP精度,衛(wèi)星可見數(shù)量,幾何精度因子統(tǒng)計。針對完好性監(jiān)測的接收機自主完好性檢測算法(RAIM),結合國際民航組織對機場終端區(qū)性能要求,分析其可用性。對觀測結果進行總結,研究表明北斗系統(tǒng)設計指標基本達到設計要求,同時對于非精密進近(NPA)完好性檢測可用性較高,但是對于帶垂直引導的進近,精密進近等應用,其性能較GPS系統(tǒng)仍有一定的差距。未來隨著北斗星座的補充,有一定的提升空間。
[Abstract]:Performance based navigation (PBN) is the development direction of civil aviation navigation in the future. This technology can improve the operational efficiency and optimize the use of airspace.GNSS (Global Satellite Navigation system) is an important part of GNSS, and its performance index needs to meet the specific requirements of PBN.Beidou is a self-developed satellite navigation system in China.This paper takes Beidou system as the object, studies and analyzes the test method of airport terminal coverage, builds the experimental environment, and analyzes the experimental results.This paper introduces the performance-based navigation, clarifies its significance to the civil aviation operation, and summarizes its specific performance requirements for the navigation system.Among them, navigation accuracy and completeness are the main contents of this paper.The basic principle of satellite navigation and positioning is introduced.By analyzing the pseudo-range positioning algorithm used in satellite navigation, Newton iteration and least square method, the factors affecting positioning accuracy are summarized, and the origin of geometric precision factor (DOP) is explained.This paper introduces the principle of integrity monitoring algorithm, explains the calculation method of its parameters and related standards.The factors affecting accuracy, completeness and availability are summarized.The experiment is designed according to the above parameters.The experiment takes the Beidou Tianxuan receiver as the hardware platform and the self-developed receiver control recording system as the software platform.The site is near the 34L/16R runway of Tianjin Binhai International Airport.At least 24 hours of GPS, Beidou constellation continuous observation, recorded experimental data.According to the collected data, the data analysis and statistics software is developed to analyze the CEP accuracy, satellite visible number and geometric precision factor of the current region.Aiming at the receiver autonomous integrity detection algorithm for integrity monitoring, this paper analyzes the availability of the algorithm combined with the requirements of ICAO for airport terminal performance.The research results show that the design index of Beidou system is basically up to the design requirements, and the usability of NPA is high for non-precision NPAs, but for the applications such as vertical guided approach, precision approach, etc.Its performance still has certain disparity compared with GPS system.With the supplement of the constellation Dipper, there is room for improvement in the future.
【學位授予單位】：中國民航大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：V351.37

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