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  本文關鍵詞： 鋁質薄壁零件 加工變形 夾具設計 ABAQUS 工藝試驗　出處：《湘潭大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：鋁合金材料以其比重小和優(yōu)異的機械性能在輕量化設計中被廣泛應用。特別是在國防科技工業(yè)中,鋁合金常作為結構件的機體材料,如飛行器的艙體常用鋁合金材料并設計成薄壁結構以減輕重量。但對于由鋁合金制成的薄壁零件,因機體壁薄剛性較差,在加工過程中容易產生變形,從而影響零件的制造精度。因此,如何減少薄壁零件加工時的受力變形,提高其加工精度對提升產品的整體性能便具有了重要意義。本文針對某航空飛行器艙體零件,采用理論分析、有限元仿真與試驗相結合的方法,研究其在加工過程中的夾緊變形及其控制方法,取得了一定的成果,其主要研究內容如下:1.薄壁艙體零件加工變形的工藝分析�；谂擉w零件的結構特點和技術要求,從產品結構工藝性、表面加工方法和加工順序安排等方面,對薄壁艙體零件關鍵技術參數的控制,進行了詳細的工藝分析,獲得了可行的工藝解決方案。2.設計了一種精車外圓的大型漲簧定位夾緊裝置。在分析薄壁艙體零件加工變形的基礎上,根據其精車外圓工序的技術要求,設計了一種三錐同體的大型漲簧定位夾緊裝置,并對夾具定位方案進行了誤差分析,同時對夾緊力和切削力進行了理論計算,完成了夾具的結構設計。3.基于ABAQUS軟件,對薄壁艙體零件裝夾狀態(tài)三維接觸問題進行了有限元分析,建立了艙體零件裝夾狀態(tài)的有限元分析模型,獲得了艙體零件在夾緊狀態(tài)下的應力應變云圖,以及活動錐體的偏移量與薄壁零件變形量的對應關系。4.基于CK7525數控車床,編制了數控加工程序,采用所研制大型漲簧定位夾緊裝置,對薄壁艙體的精車工序進行了加工實驗。所加工的艙體零件,經檢測,各項技術參數均滿足工藝要求,達到了預期研究目標。本文在薄壁艙體的加工變形控制方面,為薄壁零件的加工提供了可借鑒的工藝方法。
[Abstract]:Aluminum alloy materials are widely used in lightweight design due to their small proportion and excellent mechanical properties. Especially in the national defense science and technology industry aluminum alloys are often used as the body materials of structural parts. For example, the cabin of aircraft is usually made of aluminum alloy and designed as thin-walled structure to reduce the weight. But for thin-walled parts made of aluminum alloy, the thin wall rigidity of the body is poor, and it is easy to produce deformation in the process of processing. Therefore, how to reduce the deformation of thin-walled parts. It is very important to improve the machining accuracy for the whole performance of the product. In this paper, the method of theoretical analysis, finite element simulation and test is adopted for the cabin parts of an aeronautical aircraft. The clamping deformation and its control methods in the process of machining have been studied, and some achievements have been obtained. The main research contents are as follows: 1. Process analysis of machining deformation of thin-walled cabin parts. Based on the structural characteristics and technical requirements of the cabin parts, the structural and technological properties of the products are discussed. The control of the key technical parameters of thin-walled cabin parts is analyzed in detail in the aspects of surface processing method and processing sequence arrangement. The feasible process solution is obtained. 2. A large spring positioning clamping device is designed. Based on the analysis of the deformation of thin-walled cabin parts, the technical requirements of the outer circle process of the finishing vehicle are presented. In this paper, a kind of three-cone and same body large spring positioning and clamping device is designed, and the error analysis of fixture positioning scheme is carried out. At the same time, the clamping force and cutting force are calculated theoretically. Based on ABAQUS software, the finite element analysis of three-dimensional contact problem of thin-walled cabin parts clamping state is carried out, and the finite element analysis model of cabin parts clamping state is established. The stress-strain cloud diagram of the cabin parts under clamping state and the corresponding relation between the displacement of the active cone and the deformation of thin-walled parts. 4. Based on the CK7525 NC lathe, the NC machining program is programmed. By using the developed large spring positioning clamping device, the finishing process of thin-walled cabin is tested. After testing, the technical parameters all meet the technological requirements. In this paper, the deformation control of thin-walled bulkhead can be used for reference in the machining of thin-walled parts.
【學位授予單位】：湘潭大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：V261

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本文編號：1475113