微型四旋翼無人機的搭建與姿態(tài)控制
本文關鍵詞:微型四旋翼無人機的搭建與姿態(tài)控制 出處:《華東理工大學》2015年碩士論文 論文類型:學位論文
更多相關文章: 四旋翼無人機 STM32F407ZGT6 動力學模型 Backstepping
【摘要】:微型四旋翼無人機是一種具有四個固定螺旋槳交叉分布,并且通過四個螺旋槳提供動力來實現(xiàn)各種姿態(tài)飛行的無人飛行器。其體積小、結構簡單、安全性高,可以完成超低空偵察、干擾、監(jiān)視等許多復雜任務,目前正成為人們研究的焦點。 本課題搭建了微型四旋翼無人機的飛行平臺,設計并實現(xiàn)了一種基于Cortex-M4內核芯片STM32F407為核心的飛行控制系統(tǒng),并對懸停和低速飛行狀態(tài)下的姿態(tài)控制進行探索性研究。具體工作如下: 針對微型四旋翼無人機的空氣和動力學特點,建立了飛行器的空氣動力學方程,分析了飛行基本原理,并建立了飛行器的基本坐標系; 針對雙CPU之間的通信問題,設計并實現(xiàn)了一種基于并口通信方案的數(shù)據(jù)交換方案,自定義了相關通信協(xié)議,實現(xiàn)了一種簡便可行的方案; 對微型四旋翼無人機硬件模塊進行了詳細的設計,分析了各模塊的設計要求與原理,設計并完成了飛控PCB板; 重點研究了微型四旋翼無人機的姿態(tài)控制。首先,設計了小角度下的Backstepping姿態(tài)控制律并采用Matlab進行仿真驗證。在分析此姿態(tài)控制律的局限性后,提出了改進型Backstepping姿態(tài)控制律,進行了相應的仿真驗證,仿真后控制效果較為明顯; 研究了兩種姿態(tài)解算與姿態(tài)融合的兩種方法,即互補濾波法和DMP融合法。分別對其進行設計與驗證,經實驗驗證,對于本課題而言DMP法較為有效; 最后,軟件設計飛行控制系統(tǒng),并用已搭建的飛行器模型平臺進行在線調試,從而驗證了算法的可行性。
[Abstract]:Micro four-rotor UAV is a kind of unmanned aerial vehicle with four fixed propeller cross distribution and four propellers to provide power to achieve a variety of attitude flight. Its size is small simple structure and high security. It can accomplish many complex tasks, such as very low altitude reconnaissance, jamming, surveillance and so on. In this paper, the flight platform of micro four-rotor UAV is built, and a flight control system based on Cortex-M4 core chip STM32F407 is designed and implemented. The attitude control of hovering and low speed flight is studied. The main work is as follows: According to the air and dynamics characteristics of the micro four rotor UAV, the aerodynamics equation of the aircraft is established, the basic flight principle is analyzed, and the basic coordinate system of the aircraft is established. Aiming at the problem of communication between two CPU, a data exchange scheme based on parallel port communication scheme is designed and implemented. The hardware module of micro four-rotor UAV is designed in detail, the design requirements and principles of each module are analyzed, and the flight control PCB board is designed and completed. The attitude control of the micro four rotor UAV is studied emphatically. First of all. The Backstepping attitude control law with small angle is designed and simulated by Matlab. After analyzing the limitation of this attitude control law. The improved Backstepping attitude control law is proposed, and the corresponding simulation is carried out. The control effect is obvious after the simulation. Two methods of attitude solution and attitude fusion, namely complementary filtering method and DMP fusion method, are studied in this paper. The design and verification of the two methods are carried out respectively. The experimental results show that the DMP method is more effective for this subject. Finally, the flight control system is designed and debugged online with the built aircraft model platform, which verifies the feasibility of the algorithm.
【學位授予單位】:華東理工大學
【學位級別】:碩士
【學位授予年份】:2015
【分類號】:TP273;V279
【參考文獻】
相關期刊論文 前10條
1 谷新宇;李宗伯;;基于雙DSP架構的微小型無人機飛行控制系統(tǒng)[J];兵工自動化;2010年08期
2 宋磊;曹林平;吳文超;蚩軍祥;;基于ARM+CPLD的UAV飛行控制系統(tǒng)設計[J];電光與控制;2010年09期
3 岳基隆;張慶杰;朱華勇;;微小型四旋翼無人機研究進展及關鍵技術淺析[J];電光與控制;2010年10期
4 李文皓;張珩;;無人機編隊飛行技術的研究現(xiàn)狀與展望[J];飛行力學;2007年01期
5 李路明,王立鼎;MEMS研究的新進展——微型系統(tǒng)及其發(fā)展應用的研究[J];光學精密工程;1997年01期
6 楊波;柴艷;秦永元;;基于慣性/星敏感器的高精度定姿方法研究[J];航空兵器;2007年03期
7 馬寶甫;CRC校驗快速查表算法及其應用[J];計算機工程與應用;1997年07期
8 楊俊華,吳捷,胡躍明;反步方法原理及在非線性魯棒控制中的應用[J];控制與決策;2002年S1期
9 董文瀚;孫秀霞;林巖;;反推自適應控制的發(fā)展及應用[J];控制與決策;2006年10期
10 陳航科;張東升;盛曉超;王凱;;四旋翼飛行器懸停狀態(tài)姿態(tài)控制建模與仿真[J];計算機仿真;2013年11期
,本文編號:1357328
本文鏈接:http://sikaile.net/kejilunwen/hangkongsky/1357328.html