本文關(guān)鍵詞：簧片閥式脈沖爆震發(fā)動機研究　出處：《南京理工大學(xué)》2015年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 脈沖爆震發(fā)動機 霧化 數(shù)值模擬 DDT 單步反應(yīng)模型 簧片閥 PIV

【摘要】：脈沖爆震發(fā)動機(Pulse Detonation Engine,簡稱PDE)具有熱循環(huán)效率高、結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、飛行馬赫數(shù)寬、自增壓等優(yōu)點,在未來推進領(lǐng)域具有廣闊應(yīng)用前景,近年來得到了世界各國的廣泛關(guān)注。鑒于目前PDE研究存在的問題,通過實驗和數(shù)值模擬,開展了簧片閥式脈沖爆震發(fā)動機研究。以汽油為介質(zhì),采用PIV和Shadowgraph技術(shù)研究不同噴射壓力下旋流噴嘴的霧化特征。結(jié)果表明：噴霧場核心區(qū)的索太爾平均直徑明顯小于噴霧場外側(cè)區(qū)域；當(dāng)噴射壓力增加時,噴霧核心區(qū)速度增加,外側(cè)速度減小,噴霧速度場的錐形特征逐漸消失,噴霧場的平均渦量增加；提出了基于速度加權(quán)的渦量判定準(zhǔn)則,獲得了不同噴射壓力下噴霧誘導(dǎo)渦結(jié)構(gòu)的運動規(guī)律以及無量綱渦平移速度隨無量綱時間的變化規(guī)律；提出了燃料-氧化劑摻混度和PDE循環(huán)工作穩(wěn)定性的評價指標(biāo)；分析了燃料霧化、混合對PDE工作穩(wěn)定性的影響,研究表明：簧片閥對改善燃料分布和摻混度具有積極作用,簧片閥式PDE獲得了較好的工作穩(wěn)定性；當(dāng)摻混度低于0.72時,PDE循環(huán)工作穩(wěn)定性隨摻混度的降低而迅速降低；當(dāng)摻混度大于0.72時,提高摻混度對改善PDE工作穩(wěn)定性的影響較小；與摻混度相比,液滴平均粒徑對PDEI作穩(wěn)定性的影響較小,但對爆震波速度影響較大。采用離子探針和壓力傳感器對火焰和壓力信號進行同步測量,分析爆燃向爆震轉(zhuǎn)變(Deflagration to Detonation Transition,簡稱DDT)過程。結(jié)果表明：推力壁反向堵塞比不影響DDT過程的本質(zhì)規(guī)律,但影響DDT距離；由于簧片閥具有較好的反向密封性,簧片閥式PDE獲得了較短的DDT距離；隨著索太爾平均直徑的增大,噴霧爆震的誘導(dǎo)時間和誘導(dǎo)區(qū)長度均增加,其中誘導(dǎo)時間的增加幅度大于誘導(dǎo)區(qū)長度的增加幅度�；诒葻岜群蜌怏w常數(shù)的合理假設(shè),建立了變比熱比和變氣體常數(shù)的單步反應(yīng)模型；明確了化學(xué)反應(yīng)和熱力學(xué)相關(guān)參數(shù)的確定方法,驗證了該單步反應(yīng)模型的正確性；采用該單步反應(yīng)模型,實現(xiàn)了反應(yīng)物胞格尺寸的定量預(yù)測,模擬了障礙物管中的火焰加速和DDT過程,發(fā)現(xiàn)障礙物管中存在的兩種爆震波起爆方式以及從火焰加速到爆震波形成過程中的4個主要階段,揭示了火焰面積、火焰?zhèn)鞑ニ俣�、總能量釋放率�?個階段中的發(fā)展規(guī)律；活化能和指前因子的改變均不影響火焰加速和DDT過程的本質(zhì)規(guī)律,但活化能對DDT距離、DDT時間以及火焰面積峰值的影響明顯高于指前因子的影響。通過測量簧片閥上、下游壓力,分析了簧片閥總壓恢復(fù)系數(shù)、阻力系數(shù)、閥門開啟、關(guān)閉響應(yīng)時間、閥門反向密封性以及工作壽命等性能參數(shù)的主要影響因素,如閥片厚度,限位擋板傾角以及空氣質(zhì)量流率等,揭示了這些因素對簧片閥性能參數(shù)的影響規(guī)律；通過對簧片閥式PDE循環(huán)時間尺度分析,探討了簧片閥式PDE極限工作頻率隨填充速度和燃燒室長度的變化關(guān)系；當(dāng)燃燒室長度為1.3m,填充速度為當(dāng)?shù)芈曀?40m/s時,對應(yīng)的簧片閥式PDE極限工作頻率為99.7Hz。
[Abstract]:Pulse Detonation Engine (PDE) has the advantages of high thermal cycling efficiency, simple structure, wide flight Maher number and self pressurization. It has broad application prospects in the field of propulsion in the future. It has attracted worldwide attention in recent years. In view of the existing problems in PDE research, the research of reed valve type pulse detonation engine is carried out through experiments and numerical simulation. The atomization characteristics of the swirling nozzles under different injection pressure were studied by PIV and Shadowgraph technology. The results show that the spray Sauter mean diameter was significantly less than the area outside the core area of the spray field; when the injection pressure increases, the core area of the spray speed increases, lateral velocity decreases and the characteristics of conical spray velocity field gradually disappeared, the average increase in the amount of spray field vortex; vortex velocity detection criterion is proposed based on weighted gain the movement of the vortex structure induced by different injection pressure spray and dimensionless vortex translational velocity variation with dimensionless time; put forward the evaluation index of the fuel oxidant mixing degree and PDE cycle stability; analysis of fuel atomization and mixture effects on PDE stability studies show that with reed valve positive effects on improving the fuel distribution and mixing, reed valve type PDE has good working stability; when the mixing degree is lower than 0.72, the PDE cycle stability with mixing When the mixing degree is greater than 0.72, increasing the mixing degree has little effect on improving the working stability of PDE. Compared with the mixing degree, the droplet average particle size has little effect on the stability of PDEI, but has a great influence on detonation velocity. The flame and pressure signals were synchronized measured by ion probe and pressure sensor, and the Deflagration to Detonation Transition (DDT) process was analyzed. The results show that the reverse thrust wall blockage ratio does not influence the nature of the DDT process, but the influence of DDT distance; because the reed valve has good reverse sealing, reed valve type PDE has shorter DDT distance; with the increase of Sauter mean diameter, induction time and induction spray detonation zone length was increased, which the induction time is larger than the increase induced zone length. Reasonable assumptions based on constant specific heat ratio and gas, a single step reaction model of variable specific heat ratio and variable gas constant; method of defining the chemical reaction and thermodynamic parameters, verifies the correctness of the single step reaction model; the single step reaction model, the quantitative prediction of reactant cell size, simulation the obstacle in the tube flame acceleration and DDT process, find the obstacles existing in the two tube detonation initiation way and from flame acceleration to detonation wave formation of 4 main stages in the process of revealing the flame area and the flame propagation speed, the total energy release rate of development in 4 stages; activation energy and the pre exponential factor changes do not affect the nature of the flame acceleration and DDT process, but the activation energy of DDT DDT distance, time and peak flame area was significantly higher than that of the pre exponential factor. Ring. By measuring the reed valve, the downstream pressure, analyzed the main influencing factors of reed valve, the total pressure recovery coefficient, drag coefficient, valve opening, the valve response time, reverse sealing and lifetime performance parameters such as closure, such as valve plate thickness, the limit plate angle and air mass flow rate, the influences of these factors on the performance parameters of the reed valve; the reed valve type PDE cycle time scale analysis, discusses the reed valve type PDE working frequency limit change with the filling speed and the length of the combustion chamber; when the combustion chamber length is 1.3m, filling speed for the local sound speed 340m/s, reed valve type PDE working frequency limit corresponding to the 99.7Hz.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：V23

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 李建玲;范瑋;嚴(yán)傳俊;李強;胡承啟;;脈沖爆震火箭發(fā)動機間接起爆實驗研究[J];熱科學(xué)與技術(shù);2007年03期

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本文編號：1339694