本文選題：鹽差能　切入點(diǎn)：反電滲析　出處：《溫州大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著石油能源的消耗,當(dāng)今世界能源的含量越來越少。探索清潔、可再生能源來滿足人類社會(huì)對(duì)能源的需求對(duì)人類文明的生存和可持續(xù)發(fā)展具有重要意義。儲(chǔ)藏在海水與淡水之間的鹽差能是一個(gè)蘊(yùn)藏量非常大的可再生能源,它可以提取和轉(zhuǎn)化為電能,但是有效地提取它作為一種有用的能量形式,對(duì)于目前的技術(shù)來說仍然是一種挑戰(zhàn)。隨著膜科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展,基于膜技術(shù)的鹽差能的提取如反電滲析法,在近年來也得到了巨大的發(fā)展,但是還沒商業(yè)化,所以我們應(yīng)該繼續(xù)優(yōu)化完善反電滲析鹽差發(fā)電技術(shù),并探索鹽差能在其他方面的應(yīng)用。為深入研究鹽差能的提取和應(yīng)用奠定了基礎(chǔ)。本文主要從鹽差能的提取以及其應(yīng)用方面展開研究,主要工作如下:(1)反電滲析法鹽差發(fā)電的研究。我們首先用0.9mm隔板和DF-120離子交換膜組裝了一個(gè)10重復(fù)單元的反電滲析膜堆,得到的最大功率密度為0.695W/m~2。為優(yōu)化反電滲析系統(tǒng)的性能,又用0.5mm隔板、DF-120膜和天維新膜組裝了兩個(gè)相同單元數(shù)的反電滲析膜堆。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:0.5mm隔板和DF-120膜組裝的反電滲析膜堆得到的最大功率密度為1.20W/m~2,而0.5mm隔板和天維新膜組裝的反電滲析膜堆得到的最大功率密度為0.60W/m~2。通過對(duì)三個(gè)反電滲析膜堆的對(duì)比與分析得知:減小隔板厚度,有利于提高反電滲析的輸出功率密度;而不同離子交換對(duì)反電滲析的影響則主要在于膜本身的特性。(2)鹽差能的應(yīng)用研究。通過對(duì)單獨(dú)的反電滲析和電滲析實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果的研究與分析,設(shè)計(jì)了一個(gè)能量自給的RED-ED自脫鹽裝置。并在最優(yōu)條件下進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)測(cè)試。結(jié)果表明:在最佳流速下,有電極的RED-ED系統(tǒng)生產(chǎn)出來的淡水NaCl含量都低于500mg/L,實(shí)現(xiàn)了自脫鹽目的,并且生產(chǎn)的淡水含鹽量也達(dá)到了飲用水的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。無電極的RED-ED系統(tǒng)生產(chǎn)出來的淡水NaCl含量為507mg/L,雖然也實(shí)現(xiàn)了自脫鹽目的,但是脫鹽效果比有電極RED-ED系統(tǒng)略差,且生產(chǎn)的淡水沒有達(dá)到飲用水的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
[Abstract]:With the consumption of petroleum energy, the content of energy in the world is becoming less and less.It is of great significance for the survival and sustainable development of human civilization to explore clean and renewable energy to meet the energy needs of human society.The salt difference energy stored between seawater and fresh water is a renewable energy source with very large potential. It can be extracted and converted into electric energy, but it is effectively extracted as a useful form of energy.It is still a challenge for current technology.With the development of membrane science and technology, the extraction of salt difference energy based on membrane technology, such as reverse electrodialysis, has been greatly developed in recent years, but it has not been commercialized, so we should continue to optimize and improve reverse electrodialysis salt differential power generation technology.And explore the application of salt difference energy in other aspects.It lays a foundation for further study on extraction and application of salt difference energy.In this paper, the extraction of salt differential energy and its application are studied. The main work is as follows: 1) Research on salt differential power generation by reverse electrodialysis.A reverse electrodialysis membrane stack with 10 repetition units was constructed by using 0.9mm separator and DF-120 ion exchange membrane, and the maximum power density was 0.695W / mm2.In order to optimize the performance of the reverse electrodialysis system, two reverse electrodialysis stacks with the same number of units were assembled by using the 0.5mm separator DF-120 membrane and the days retainer membrane.Through the comparison and analysis of three reverse electrodialysis membrane reactors, it is found that reducing the thickness of the diaphragm is beneficial to increase the output power density of the reverse electrodialysis;The effect of different ion exchange on reverse electrodialysis mainly lies in the application of salt differential energy.Based on the research and analysis of the experimental results of reverse electrodialysis and electrodialysis, a self-supporting RED-ED desalting device is designed.The experiment was carried out under the optimal conditions.The results show that the NaCl content of fresh water produced by the electrode RED-ED system is less than 500 mg / L at the optimum flow rate, which realizes the self-desalination purpose, and the salt content of the fresh water produced is up to the standard of drinking water.The NaCl content of fresh water produced by the electrode free RED-ED system is 507mg / L, although the self-desalination is achieved, the desalting effect is a little worse than that of the RED-ED system with electrodes, and the fresh water produced does not meet the drinking water standard.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：溫州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：P743

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本文編號(hào)：1726105