發(fā)布時間：2018-04-09 06:20

  本文選題：海洋衛(wèi)星　切入點：海水溫度　出處：《成都理工大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：本論文依托中國大洋協(xié)會國際海域資源調(diào)查與開發(fā)“十二五”課題“東太平洋海隆硫化物成礦潛力與資源環(huán)境評價”,研究了位于東太平洋赤道地區(qū)的Galapagos擴張中心以及Quebrada(奎布拉達)板塊附近的熱液活動區(qū)的水溫與沉積物特征,以水溫特征以及沉積物中生物與巖石碎屑特征來探討該區(qū)的熱液活動環(huán)境。本文結(jié)合海洋衛(wèi)星(Argo剖面數(shù)據(jù))提供的海水上層水溫并基于2005年9月環(huán)球航次中利用電視抓斗獲取的17A-EPR-TVG5沉積物樣,以及2009年21航次、2011年7月“大洋一號”環(huán)球航次采用電視抓斗獲取的沉積物樣品21III-S9-TVG5與樣品22VI-EPR-S009-TVG5為研究對象,利用掃描電子顯微鏡與X射線能譜分析相結(jié)合的方法,對樣品中的礦物顆粒以及存在的生物碎屑的形貌特征進行觀察,并對其進行成分分析,形成了系統(tǒng)的研究,探討了沉積物中生物及礦物和海水溫度的相關(guān)性,解釋了熱液活動區(qū)的地球物理學(xué)、沉積學(xué)及生物學(xué)特征。通過研究得出下列結(jié)論:(1)結(jié)合海洋衛(wèi)星(Argo剖面數(shù)據(jù))提供的海水上層水溫數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)現(xiàn)17A-EPR-TVG5與22VI-EPR-S009-TVG5兩個沉積物附近水溫在800m左右處存在正異常,推測是受附近熱液區(qū)的影響。(2)對東太平洋海隆3個站位表層沉積物樣品中生物樣品的觀測分析,樣品中以生物組分為主,共鑒定出2類有孔蟲、5類硅藻,以及大量放射蟲與少量浮游生物,大量的生物組成是熱液區(qū)生物的特點之一。且從生物保存的完整性上可以推測,在生物沉降到海底的過程中,只有緩慢流動的深部洋流,波浪基本上不起作用,這也是深海與半深海環(huán)境的特點,水體平靜。(3)沉積生物包括有孔蟲、硅藻、放射蟲以及少量浮游生物,其中有孔蟲鑒定出2個屬、硅藻5個屬,以棲息環(huán)境來看,主要是浮游種類,其次是底棲種類。(4)了解了樣品所在的熱液活動環(huán)境是:水深在2000米左右,屬于深海/半深海環(huán)境;處于快速擴張的洋中脊區(qū),擴張速率約為127mm/a。(5)海洋沉積物的來源概況分為三類:陸源、海洋組分以及火山作用形成的火山碎屑。研究區(qū)屬于深海沉積環(huán)境,且遠離大陸邊緣,因此缺少陸源物質(zhì),生物作用占主要地位。
[Abstract]:This paper relies on the investigation and development of Comra's international sea area resources "the 12th Five-Year Plan" project, "Evaluation of metallogenic potential and resources and environment of seamounts sulphide in the East Pacific Ocean".The characteristics of water temperature and sediment in the Galapagos spreading center located in the equatorial region of the eastern Pacific and the hydrothermal active region near the Quebrada plate are studied.Based on the characteristics of water temperature and the biotic and lithoclastic characteristics of sediments, the hydrothermal active environment in this area is discussed.In this paper, the 17A-EPR-TVG5 sediment samples obtained by television grabbing during the September 2005 round the world voyage are based on the sea surface water temperature provided by marine satellite Argo profile data.And 21 voyages of 2009 and 2011 July 2011 "Ocean 1" Global Voyage using 21III-S9-TVG5 and 22VI-EPR-S009-TVG5 of sediment samples obtained by TV grab as the research object, the method of combining scanning electron microscope and X-ray energy spectrum analysis is used.The morphological characteristics of mineral particles and bioclasts in the samples were observed, and the composition of the samples was analyzed. The correlation between the biological and mineral contents in the sediments and the temperature of seawater was discussed.The geophysics, sedimentology and biological characteristics of hydrothermal active regions are explained.By studying the following conclusions: 1) combined with marine satellite Argo profile data, it is found that there are positive anomalies in the water temperature near 17A-EPR-TVG5 and 22VI-EPR-S009-TVG5 sediments at about 800m.It is inferred that the observation and analysis of biological samples from surface sediment samples from three stations of seamounts in the eastern Pacific Ocean are affected by the nearby hydrothermal region. The samples are mainly composed of biological components, and two types of foraminifera, five classes of diatoms, have been identified.A large number of radiolaria and a small amount of plankton, a large number of biological composition is one of the characteristics of the hydrothermal zone.And from the integrity of biological preservation, it can be inferred that in the process of biological subsidence to the seabed, only the slow flow of deep ocean currents, the waves basically do not play a role, this is also the characteristics of deep-sea and semi-deep-sea environment.Sedimentary organisms include foraminifera, diatoms, radiolaria and a small amount of plankton, of which 2 genera and 5 genera of diatoms have been identified as foraminifera.The next is benthos. 4) the hydrothermal environment in which the sample is located is: the water depth is about 2000 meters, which belongs to the deep-sea / semi-deep sea environment; and it is located in the rapidly expanding mid-ocean ridge area.The source profiles of marine sediments are divided into three types: terrestrial sources, marine components, and volcanic debris formed by volcanism.The study area belongs to the deep-sea sedimentary environment and is far from the continental margin.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：P736.1;P744

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