本文選題：臺(tái)風(fēng)　切入點(diǎn)：梯度風(fēng)臺(tái)風(fēng)場(chǎng)　出處：《大連海洋大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：臺(tái)風(fēng)是破壞力極強(qiáng)的海洋天氣系統(tǒng),對(duì)海上交通運(yùn)輸、海洋工程、海岸工程、水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖業(yè)等造成了嚴(yán)重的破壞,造成巨大的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失,甚至帶來(lái)人員傷亡。深入了解臺(tái)風(fēng)的致災(zāi)特性及對(duì)臺(tái)風(fēng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)確評(píng)估尤為重要。臺(tái)風(fēng)的風(fēng)場(chǎng)模型是臺(tái)風(fēng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析模型中的重要組成部分。因此,精度較高的臺(tái)風(fēng)風(fēng)場(chǎng)模型,對(duì)于有效評(píng)估臺(tái)風(fēng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn),對(duì)于海岸工程防災(zāi)減災(zāi),對(duì)于合理規(guī)劃沿海經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)具有重要意義。隨著中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展,臺(tái)風(fēng)過(guò)程對(duì)沿海區(qū)域的災(zāi)害性影響,對(duì)區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的破壞逐漸凸顯。我國(guó)關(guān)于臺(tái)風(fēng)風(fēng)場(chǎng)的研究雖然起步較晚,但近些年,對(duì)臺(tái)風(fēng)風(fēng)場(chǎng)模擬的研究取得了重要的進(jìn)展,對(duì)臺(tái)風(fēng)場(chǎng)的模擬精度,提出了新的要求。本文首先提出了幾種梯度風(fēng)臺(tái)風(fēng)場(chǎng)模型以及移動(dòng)風(fēng)場(chǎng),并針對(duì)八場(chǎng)實(shí)際的臺(tái)風(fēng)通過(guò)不同梯度風(fēng)臺(tái)風(fēng)場(chǎng)模型模擬與實(shí)測(cè)風(fēng)速進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)Holland梯度風(fēng)臺(tái)風(fēng)場(chǎng)模型在數(shù)值上擬合結(jié)果較好。但是由于實(shí)際的臺(tái)風(fēng)云圖是螺線型,梯度風(fēng)場(chǎng)的基本假設(shè)無(wú)法準(zhǔn)確描述臺(tái)風(fēng)螺線軌跡流場(chǎng),Holland梯度風(fēng)臺(tái)風(fēng)場(chǎng)模型存在一定的近似。同時(shí),在Holland風(fēng)場(chǎng)模型中,有一個(gè)氣壓剖面參數(shù)B,Holland氣壓剖面參數(shù)B對(duì)臺(tái)風(fēng)風(fēng)場(chǎng)模型的模擬精度具有重要影響。目前,有兩種方法可以獲取參數(shù)B,但還沒(méi)有用理論依據(jù)確定中國(guó)近海地區(qū)Holland參數(shù)B。為了提供精度更高的風(fēng)場(chǎng)模型,本文基于對(duì)數(shù)螺線軌跡臺(tái)風(fēng)場(chǎng)模型,并參考其求解Holland參數(shù)B的新方法,著重討論了。影響參數(shù)B的因素包括最大風(fēng)速半徑、海表拖曳系數(shù)、空氣表面層厚度以及臺(tái)風(fēng)所處緯度。分析表明,Holland參數(shù)B與最大風(fēng)速半徑、拖曳系數(shù)和緯度呈負(fù)相關(guān),與表面層厚度呈正相關(guān)。最后,通過(guò)不同的B值經(jīng)驗(yàn)公式和基于螺線軌跡臺(tái)風(fēng)場(chǎng)模型得到的公式,分別求解出參數(shù)B值,用來(lái)模擬八場(chǎng)實(shí)際的臺(tái)風(fēng),與實(shí)測(cè)風(fēng)速進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析,驗(yàn)證了對(duì)數(shù)螺線軌跡臺(tái)風(fēng)場(chǎng)模型具有較好的適用性。
[Abstract]:Typhoon is a very destructive marine weather system, which has caused serious damage to marine transportation, marine engineering, coastal engineering, aquaculture and so on, resulting in huge economic losses. It is very important to understand the characteristics of typhoon disaster and evaluate typhoon risk accurately. Typhoon wind field model is an important part of typhoon risk analysis model. It is of great significance to evaluate typhoon risk effectively, to prevent and mitigate coastal engineering, and to plan coastal economic construction reasonably. With the rapid development of Chinese economy, the disastrous effect of typhoon process on coastal areas is obvious. Although the research on typhoon wind field in China started relatively late, in recent years, the research on typhoon wind field simulation has made important progress, and the simulation accuracy of typhoon field has been improved. In this paper, several kinds of gradient wind field models and moving wind fields are put forward, and the actual typhoon fields in eight fields are simulated by different gradient wind field models and compared with the measured wind speed. It is found that the numerical fitting results of the Holland gradient wind field model are good, but the actual typhoon cloud map is helical. The basic hypothesis of gradient wind field can not accurately describe the typhoon helical track flow field. There is a certain approximation in the Holland wind field model. There is a pressure profile parameter B Holland pressure profile parameter B which has an important influence on the simulation accuracy of typhoon wind field model. There are two methods to obtain the parameter B, but no theoretical basis has been used to determine the Holland parameter B. in order to provide a more accurate wind field model, this paper is based on the logarithmic spiral track typhoon field model. With reference to its new method for solving Holland parameter B, the factors affecting parameter B include the maximum wind velocity radius, the drag coefficient of sea surface, the thickness of air surface layer and the latitude of typhoon. The drag coefficient is negatively correlated with latitude and has a positive correlation with the thickness of surface layer. Finally, the parameter B value is calculated by different empirical formulas of B value and the formula based on helical track typhoon field model, which is used to simulate the actual typhoon in eight fields. Compared with the measured wind speed, the model of logarithmic spiral track typhoon field is proved to be applicable.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：P444;P732.3

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